The present study aimed to identify the productivity of cow pea plant with biofertilizer enriched vermicompost. The values of maximum root length, shoot length, number of root nodules, internodes, number of appeared flowers, number of pods appeared, pod length, pod wet weight  and number of seeds found higher on 70th day with VC (TP + CA) + MI × 10 8 treated plants. The level of  C/N and C/P ratio found maximum in leaf litter of GS+CD (1:1) and Leaf litter of (CA+GS)+CD (1:1:2) treated vermicompost. The total numbers (140.16) and total biomass (61.36 g) of the recovered worms found higher in leaf litter of (TP+ CA) +CW (1:1:2) in treated litters. The microbial counts found higher in leaf litter of (TP+CA) +CD (1:1:2) treatments. The percentage occurrence of nutritional factor, chlorophyll content and biochemical parameter found higher in (TP+CA) +CD (1:1:2) treated plants. It has concluded that, the enrichment of vermicompost with biofertilizer has enhanced the various physiological properties in Vigna unguiculata.

The plant oil compound citronellol is enriched with bioactive compounds and displays multiple biological actions. Thus, the study planned to biosynthesize antifungal potent silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were confirmed by color transformation and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) spectrophotometery at 480 nm. The size and morphology of the silver nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The presence of chemical compounds in silver nanoparticles was detected by Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of synthesized silver nanoparticles with citronellol over pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida kefyr were examined which showed very high activity. The appearance of black color confirmed the synthesized silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles showed large round shaped structure under scanning electron microscope and in transmission electron microscope the sizes were about 17 nm.

Plant oil compounds could be an alternative to traditional biological methods for the production of metallic nanomaterials in a clean, nontoxic and ecologically sound manner. In the present study, we aimed to develop a rapid ecofriendly method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with plant oil compound farnesol. The bioactive constitutes of these plant oil compound farnesol seems to play a role in the production of metal nanoparticles. Moreover, rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles occurred only at alkaline media. The production of nanoparticles by this method is extremely fast, ecofriendly and stable for several weeks with no additional surfactants. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by five different methods and the completion of the reaction was monitored with UV-visible spectrophotometer. The XRD result showed the powdery nature of nanoparticles, SEM-EDX analysis was employed for the characterization of synthesized silver nanoparticles was small dot shaped structure. The particle size was found to be 58 nm, possessing spherical shape as confirmed from TEM analysis and the FTIR result predicted the presence of chemical compounds in this oil compound The antifungal activity results showed that synthesized silver nanoparticle from the plant oil compound farnesol was moderately active against clinically isolated human fungal pathogens, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida kefyr. WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES SJIF Impact Factor 5.210 Volume 4, Issue 09, 1706-1717 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 Article Received on 11 July 2015, Revised on 06 Aug 2015, Accepted on 31 Aug 2015

Background: Microbes are effective in control of pollution due to effluent. It has remarkable power to degrade and utilize complex organic substances and changing it to less toxic and simpler compounds. Objective: The present work is done to analyze the effectiveness of the microbes that occur naturally in the tannery effluent in its possible biological treatment. Methods: Tannery samples were serial diluted and spread plated on the nutrient agar media. From that colonies were identified using standard protocols. The effluent treatment was carried out with the microbial consortia (105 cells/ml equal proportion of all the three isolates) of various effluent concentrations (ranging from 50% to 1.565%) by observing O.D and pH values for 12 days. The physio-chemical parameters were carried out with 6.25% diluted effluent of the 10th day, which was the optimum one. Results: The isolated organisms were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Thiocapsa roseopersicina and Enterococcus fecalis. The microbial consortia decreases the pH of effluent from high (8.3) towards neutral (7.17) and changing the turbidity from 0.88 to 0.56 (O.D) for 50% concentration of effluent. The Physio-Chemical parameters of the treatment was found to be within the limit of Indian effluent water standard. Conclusion: The present work reveals that the microbial consortia could be used effectively in treating the tannery effluent and could be recommended after checking for its biosafety. Key words: Bioremediation; Microbial consortia; Tannery effluent

Layers divided in to three groups; Group 1 (Control group) – The layers fed with standard commercial food masses with Biobantox, BMD and formaldehyde. Group 2 (EM Treatment 1) – The layers fed with standard commercial food masses with AEM solution (5 L/ton feed). Group 3 (EM Treatment 2) – The layers fed with AEM (5 L/ton feed) treated commercial food masses + AEM treated (2 L/1000 L) drinking water. Increased monthly average egg production, egg weight and the decreased mortality ratio and egg wastages identified with the group 3 EM treated layers. The values of egg shell weight, thickness, yolk weight, yolk index and Haugh index found higher in group 3 EM treated layers. The content of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc and total protein identified maximum in the group 3 EM treated layers. The concentration of total cholesterol, saturated fat, trans-fat found reduced and the monounsaturated, polyunsaturated found higher in EM group 2 and 3 layers. The total cost identified as Rs. 110.80, 38.00 and 52.50 (in Indian Rupees) for group 1, group 2 and group 3 treatments respectively. It has inferred from the present findings that, the effect of EM treatments in commercial layers of the egg production showed good quality parameters and economic value.

Aspergillus sp. is well known fungi than can potentially mobilize phosphate from inorganic sources. The present study aimed at utilizing the Aspergillus sp. to enrich the total phosphate content in vermicompost. Phosphate solubilizing Aspergillus sp. was isolated from the vermicompost. The isolate was grown in mass and the spore count was done periodically. Pre-prepared vermicompost was mixed with a spore suspension of Aspergillus sp. at 1x10 spores/g. Treated vermicompost was mixed with soil, for pot culture studies. The composition of phosphate solubilizing fungi with vermicompost showed higher productivity of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (cowpea).

Present study was conducted whether vermicompost can be used as carrier material for microbial inoculants such as Rhizobium sp and Bacillus sp which were used as nitrogen fixers and phosphate solubilizers in the agriculture Both the microorganisms were isolated, identified and mass multiplied and used at a population load of 1 x 10(4) cells /g of vermicompost [Cow dung + Leaf litter (1 1)] Vermicompost was used as a carrier material and this mixture was added to the soil for pot culture studies Application of vermicompost along with microbial inoculants showed, increase of plant growth and yield parameter when compared to the control