The failure of chemotherapy to effectively target cancer cells is a major problem in cancer treatment. Herein, an acidic/near-infrared (NIR) dual-triggered drug release nanoplatform, AuNR/Apt-P@DOX, based on aptamer-functionalized gold nanorods (AuNRs) was reported for actively targeted combined chemo-photothermal therapy. The nanoplatform was prepared by functionalizing AuNRs with the PD-L1 aptamer (Apt-P) and loading DOX, which could be triggered to release under weak acidic conditions and NIR stimulation. Meanwhile, the chemotherapy effect coming from DOX and AuNRs played a vital role in photothermal therapy. The MTT results showed that the fatality rate of MCF-7 cancer cells was up to 80% under the targeting effect of Apt-P. Furthermore, the tumors in mice were almost completely cured under the combined action of photothermal and chemotherapy. This targeted combination therapeutic approach could offer novel insights into the advancement of antitumor strategies for clinical translation.

Doxorubicin is widely used for the treatment of human cancer, but its clinical use is limited by a cumulative dosedependent cardiotoxicity. However, the mechanism of doxorubicin-induced cardiac atrophy and failure remains to be fully understood. In this study, we tested whether the specific NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibitor GSK2795039 attenuates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, leading to the amelioration of cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Mice were randomized to receive saline, doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg, every other day, 6 times) or doxorubicin plus GSK2795039 (2.5 mg/kg, twice a day, 9 weeks). Left ventricular (LV) total wall thickness and LV ejection fraction were decreased in doxorubicin-treated mice compared with saline-treated mice and the decreases were prevented by the treatment of the specific Nox2 inhibitor GSK2795039. The ratio of total heart weight to tibia length and myocyte cross-sectional area were decreased in doxorubicin-treated mice, and the decreases were attenuated by the GSK2795039 treatment. In doxorubicin-treated mice, myocardial Nox2 and 4-hydroxynonenal levels were increased, myocardial expression of GAP43, tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter, markers of sympathetic nerve terminals, was decreased, and these changes were prevented by the GSK2795039 treatment. The ratio of LC3 II/I, a marker of autophagy, and Atg5, Atg12 and Atg12-Atg5 conjugate proteins were increased in doxorubicin-treated mice, and the increases were attenuated by the GSK2795039 treatment. These findings suggest that inhibition of Nox2 by GSK2795039 attenuates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, thereby ameliorating cardiac atrophy and dysfunction after chronic doxorubicin treatment.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline stemming from the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and the propagation of tau pathology through synapses. Exosomes, crucial mediators in neuronal development, maintenance, and intercellular communication, have gained attention in AD research. Yet, the molecular mechanisms involving exosomal miRNAs in AD remain elusive. In this study, we treated APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice, a model for AD, with either vehicle (ADNS) or fasudil (ADF), while C57BL/6 (control) mice received vehicle (WT). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Y-maze test, and AD pathology was confirmed through immunostaining and western blot analysis of Aβ plaques and phosphorylated tau. Exosomal RNAs were extracted, sequenced, and analyzed from each mouse group. Our findings revealed that fasudil treatment improved cognitive function in AD mice, as evidenced by increased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and reduced Aβ plaque load and phosphorylated tau protein expression in the hippocampus. Analysis of exosomal miRNAs identified three miRNAs (mmu-let-7i-5p, mmu-miR-19a-3p, mmu-miR-451a) common to both ADNS vs ADF and WT vs ADNS groups. Utilizing miRTarBase software, we predicted and analyzed target genes associated with these miRNAs. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of miRNA target genes indicated that mmu-miR-19a-3p and mmu-miR-451a are implicated in signal transduction, immune response, cellular communication, and nervous system pathways. Specifically, mmu-miR-19a-3p targeted genes involved in the sphingolipid signaling pathway, such as Pten and Tnf, while mmu-miR-451a targeted Nsmaf, Gnai3, and Akt3. Moreover, mmu-miR-451a targeted Myc in signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells. In conclusion, fasudil treatment enhanced cognitive function by modulating exosomal MicroRNAs, particularly mmu-miR-451a and mmu-miR-19a-3p. These miRNAs hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for novel AD treatments.

Objective:The common chronic non-communicable diseases and epidemiological characteristics of the forsaken elders over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen were investigated and analyzed to provide reference for health resource allocation, hospital capacity establishing and health management of the forsaken elders in county-level regions. Materials and Methods:The data of 10,331 resident elderly over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen of Datong Civil Affairs Bureau in the management system for disabled and semi-disabled elderly was collected. The gender, age, main diagnosis and coding of diseases, common chronic non-communicable diseases, and system diseases of the respondents were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The prevalence of the forsaken elders aged over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen were different. Hypertension, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction are the top five common chronic non infectious diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties. Among the top five common diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties, arthritis or rheumatism, hypertension, diabetes or elevated blood sugar were found, which were different in the 60-65, 66-70, 71-75 and 76-80 groups, with the prevalence increasing with age. The top five diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties were consistent, while the ranking changed slightly. The proportion of circulatory diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, connective tissue diseases and endocrine/nutritional and metabolic diseases in 60-65, 66-70 and 71-75 groups increased with age, and was much higher than that in other groups. Conclusion:The prevalence and disease spectrum order of common chronic non-communicable diseases and systemic diseases in Guangling and Tianzhen are diverse, also in gender and age groups. As China's county-level local administrative divisions have relatively independent administrative autonomy, medical and health resources can be better configured according to the information mined, accurately maintaining and promoting residents' health. It is suggested to explore the disease management mechanism with county-level administrative divisions as database management units under the background of big data, so as to implement the interconnection and sharing of information among health-related departments in county-level regions.

Autoimmune myocarditis is the limited or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium due to dysfunctional cellular and humoral immunity mechanisms. We constructed mouse models of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) using peptide MyHC-α614-629. On the day after secondary immunization, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632. On day 21, the cardiac tissues were harvested and weighed. The hearts of EAM mice were significantly enlarged and whitened. Furthermore, body weight (BW) slowly increased during the treatment period, the heart weight (HW) and the ratio of HW/eventual BW were increased, and inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis were aggravated in the myocardial tissue. Y-27632 treatment improved the aforementioned phenotypic and pathological features of EAM mice. Mechanistic analysis revealed a significant increase in Notch1, Hes1, Jag2, Dil1, Toll-like receptor (Tlr) 2, and interleukin (IL)-1β expression in the myocardial tissue of EAM mice. Notably, IL-1β expression was correlated with that of Notch1 and Tlr2. Following Y-27632 treatment, the expression of key target genes of the Notch signaling pathway (Notch1, Hes1, Dil1, and Jag2) and Tlr2 were obviously decreased. Y-27632 treatment also decreased the number of monocytes in the spleen of EAM mice. Thus, ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 exerted a protective effect in EAM mice by downregulating IL-1β expression. This study aimed to provide a reference point for the future treatment of myocarditis in clinical settings.

Aptamer (Apt) is a kind of recognition molecule with excellent affinity and high specificity. Transmembrane glycoprotein mucin (MUC1) is an important tumor biomarker overexpressed in MCF-7 tumor cells. MUC1 Apt (Apt-M) could specifically target MCF-7 tumor cells. Ti3C2 nanosheets with high photothermal conversion efficiency were considered as a promising therapeutic nanoplatform for tumor therapy. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a common anti-tumor drug. Herein, a novel DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M therapeutic nanoplatform was successfully fabricated, which could specifically target MCF-7 tumor cells. As expected, the temperature of DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M therapeutic nanoplatform raised rapidly under laser irradiation. Meanwhile, chemotherapy was triggered through multimodal stimuli-responsive drug release from the DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M therapeutic nanoplatform under acidic environment and laser-induced local high temperature. Encouragingly, the MCF-7 cell viability of DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M with laser irradiation was only 26.9%. The tumor surface temperature of MCF-7 xenograft mice in the DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M + Laser group rose to about 58.3 °C, which was significantly higher than other laser irradiation groups. The experiments in vitro and in vivo indicated that the DOX/Ti3C2/Apt-M therapeutic nanoplatform can rapidly accumulate in MCF-7 tumors with excellent active targeting properties, and display superior tumor suppressive ability through combination therapy. This work provides a new idea of targeted tumor therapy based on Ti3C2 nanosheets.

背景:神经营养因子表达减少和再生抑制因子表达增多是神经损伤的主要机制,前期研究显示线粒体分裂抑制剂1(Mdivi-1)能明显降低多发性硬化模型小鼠的临床症状评分和病理学损伤,然而其对神经保护的作用仍需进一步研究.目的:观察实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠模型神经元和轴突的状态,评估线粒体分裂抑制剂1的神经保护作用.方法:C57BL/6小鼠经髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白第35-55位肽片段(MOG35-55)免疫制备实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠模型,随机分为模型对照组和线粒体分裂抑制剂1干预组.于免疫后第28天麻醉后处死小鼠,免疫荧光染色分析脊髓组织中神经元胞体和突触的状态、动力相关蛋白1磷酸化水平以及神经营养因子、再生抑制因子及其信号通路分子的表达.结果 与结论:①与模型对照组相比,线粒体分裂抑制剂1干预组小鼠脊髓组织神经元特异性核蛋白标记的神经元数量较多、胞体形态完整,突触素标记的突触明显更长,中分子质量神经丝蛋白缺失率明显较低,动力相关蛋白1磷酸化水平较低;②线粒体分裂抑制剂1干预可明显促进胶质细胞源性神经营养因子、睫状神经营养因子和脑源性神经营养因子的表达;③线粒体分裂抑制剂1干预可明显降低小鼠髓鞘相关糖蛋白、轴突生长抑制因子A、轴突生长抑制因子蛋白受体、p75神经营养因子蛋白受体、Rho相关蛋白激酶Ⅱ的表达量;④提示线粒体分裂抑制剂1能抑制动力相关蛋白1磷酸化水平,提高神经营养因子蛋白的表达水平,降低再生抑制因子及相关信号通路分子蛋白的表达,进而降低脊髓神经元胞体、轴突和囊胞的损伤.

Background Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is widely distributed throughout the nervous system with various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Hypertension involves an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). However, it is unclear how H2S in PVN affects hypertension. Methods Our study used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and control Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, microinjected with adenovirus-associated virus (AAV)-CBS (cystathionine beta-synthase overexpression) or AAV-ZsGreen in bilateral PVN, or simultaneously injected with virus-carrying nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-shRNA for 4 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) and plasma noradrenaline level were detected, and the PVN was collected. Finally, levels of CBS, H2S, Nrf2, Fra-LI, ROS, gp91(phox), p47(phox), superoxide dismutase 1, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, tyrosine hydroxylase, and glutamate decarboxylase 67 were measured. Results We found that AAV-CBS increased H2S in the PVN, and BP, neuronal activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation of PVN were substantially reduced. Furthermore, endogenous H2S in the PVN activated Nrf2 and corrected the PVN's imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. However, Nrf2 knockdown in the PVN was similarly observed to abolish the beneficial effect of H2S on hypertension. Conclusions The findings imply that endogenous H2S in SHR PVN is reduced, and PVN endogenous H2S can alleviate hypertension via Nrf2-mediated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

The Datong Basin was an important arena for population movement and admixture between the Yellow River Valley and Eastern Steppe. In historical materials, the region was often the setting for a tug-of-war between Han farmers and non-Han nomads. The genetic makeup and population history of this Datong population has, however, remained uncertain. In this study, we analysed 289 mitogenomes from Datong individuals. Our primary findings were: (1) population summary statistics analysis revealed a high level of genetic diversity and strong signals of population expansion in the Datong population; (2) inter-population comparisons (PCA and Fst heatmap) exhibited a close clustering between the Datong population and Northern Han, especially northern frontier groups, such as the Inner Mongolia Han, Heilongjiang Han, Liaoning Han and Tianjin Han; (3) phylogeographic analysis of complete mitogenomes revealed the presence of different components in the maternal gene pools of Datong population-the northern East Asian component was dominant (66.44%), whereas the southern East Asians were the second largest component with 31.49%. We also observed a much reduced west Eurasian (2.07%) component; (4) direct comparisons with ancient groups showed closer relationship between Datong and Yellow River farmers than Eastern Steppe nomads. Despite, therefore, centuries of Eastern Steppe nomadic control over the Datong area, Yellow River farmers had a much more significant impact on the Datong population.

Autoimmune myocarditis is a limited or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium brought on by dysfunction in the normal function of cellular and humoral immunity of the body. Mouse models of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) were constructed using peptide MyHC-α614–629. After secondary immunization, the mice were given intraperitoneal injection of the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 the next day, and the heart tissues of the EAM mice were isolated and weighed on day 21. As a result, the hearts of EAM mice were significantly enlarged and whitened; the body weight (BW) of mice in the EAM group increased slowly, and the heart weight (HW) and the ratio of HW/eventual body weight (e-BW) were raised; the inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis of the myocardial tissue were aggravated. But Y-27632 treatment improved the above-mentioned phenotypic or pathological features of EAM mice. Besides, the monocytes in the spleen of EAM mice mounted up, which showed a decline in number after Y-27632 treatment. Mechanistic analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of Notch1, Hes1, Jag2, Dil1, Tlr2 and Il-1β in the myocardial tissue of the EAM mice. Notably, the expression of IL-1β was consistent with that of Notch1 and Tlr2. After Y-27632 treatment, the expression of key target genes (Notch1, Hes1, Dil1 and Jag2) of the NOTCH signaling pathway and Tlr2 expression were obviously decreased. The ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 exerts a protective effect in EAM mice by down-regulating Il-1β expression. This study aims to provide a reference value for the future treatment of myocarditis in clinical settings.

目的 探究CUL4B在肿瘤患者来源的结直肠癌肿瘤类器官中调控miRNAs.方法 利用干扰CUL4B的和其对照的PDOs样本,进行miRNA-seq,对差异miRNAs的靶基因进行KEGG和GO等分析.利用TargetScan和miRDB 2个数据库分别预测可能受CUL4B调控的并且评分≥85分的miRNAs,结合miRNA-seq差异miRNAs进行韦恩分析.结果 miRNA-seq结果显示共有41个差异miRNAs.TargetScan和miRDB两个数据库和测序数据韦恩分析发现miR495-3p、miR381-3p和miR148b-5p 3个共同交集的miRNAs.KEGG结果显示代谢通路富集的基因个数最多,溶酶体富集基因Q值最小.GO分析结果显示单有机体过程、蛋白质结合和细胞质富集基因最多.流式细胞仪检测发现干扰CUL4B的表达并不影响PDOs的细胞周期.结论 CUL4B可能是通过代谢通路和溶酶体2个信号通路调控miR495-3p、miR381-3p和miR148b-5p.

半个世纪前一项经典的实验证明了脊椎动物细胞的巨大自组织能力. 即使在完全解离的条件下,细胞也可以重新聚集并重建器官的原始结构. 近年来,这一神奇的特征被用于从组织或干细胞中重建部分器官甚至完整的器官.

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment caused by the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and trans-synaptic spread of tau pathology. Exosome has emerged as key mediators for neuronal development, maintenance, and cellular communication. However, the molecular mechanism of exosomal miRNAs related to AD remains unknown. In the present study, APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice (AD) were treated with vehicle (ADNS) and fasudil (ADF), whereas C57BL/6 (control) mice were treated with vehicle (WT). Cognitive function was assessed by Y-maze test and AD pathology was confirmed by immunostaining of Aβ plaque and phosphorylated tau. Exosomal RNAs from each mouse of the group were extracted, sequenced and analyzed. Our results showed amelioration of cognitive function, decreased Aβ plaque load, and phosphorylated tau protein after fasudil treatment. Exosomal miRNA analysis showed 3 miRNAs (mmu-let-7i-5p, mmu-miR-19a-3p, mmu-miR-451a) in the intersection of ADNS vs ADF and WT vs ADNS. GO annotation and KEGG pathway showed the target gene of miR-19a-3p are Pten and Tnf; mmu-miR-451a are Nsmaf, Gnai3 and Akt3. In conclusions, fasudil treatment improved cognitive function by regulating exosomal MicroRNAs (mmu-miR-451a and mmu-miR-19a-3p). These MicroRNAs could be potential biomarker of AD and therapeutic target for novel treatment for AD.

Background Cervical cancer is the seventh most common cancer globally, and the fourth most common cancer in women, accounting for about 12% of all cancers diagnosed among females. Cervical cancer and liver cancer are similar with respect to high prevalent region, with about 85% of the sufferers are from less developed regions. Objective To assess the long-term trends of cervical cancer incidence and mortality in China. Methods Data about cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Chinese adult females were extracted from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Joinpoint regression was used for analyzing the trends of cervical cancer incidence and mortality during 1993—2017. The age-period-cohort model and intrinsic estimator method were adopted for analyzing the effects of age, period, and cohort on cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Results Overall, the trends of cervical cancer incidence and mortality totally experienced a significant decrease during 1993—1998, and showed an increasing trend during 2008—2015. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that from 1993 to 2017, the standardized incidence ratio of cervical cancer increased from 9.54/100 000 to 10.88/100 000〔AAPC (95%CI) =0.6 (0.3, 0.9) , P<0.05〕, while its standardized mortality ratio decreased from 4.88/100 000 to 4.48/100 000〔AAPC (95%CI) =-0.3 (-0.5, -0.1) , P<0.05〕. Moreover, cervical cancer incidence increased significantly with age before the age of 59, and the period effect exhibited a general upward trend for both incidence and mortality. The incidence and mortality risks by birth cohort showed a declining trend except for some periods and the risks all peaked in the cohort born in 1916—1920, then leveled off and slightly decreased in younger generations. Conclusion Taken together, the decrease in the cohort effect might contribute to the decrease in cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates, while the increase of age and period effects might lead to the increase in its morbidity and mortality rates.

BACKGROUND:It has been shown that activated microglia in brain releasing proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) contribute to the progression of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that microglial activation in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), induced by high-salt diet, increases the oxidative stress via releasing PICs and promotes sympathoexcitation and development of hypertension.METHODS:High-salt diet was given to male Dahl salt-sensitive rats to induce hypertension. Those rats were bilaterally implanted with cannula for PVN infusion of minocycline, a selective microglial activation blocker, or artificial cerebrospinal fluid for 4 weeks.RESULTS:High-salt diet elevated mean arterial pressure of Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Meanwhile, elevations of renal sympathetic nerve activity and central prostaglandin E2, as well as increase of plasma norepinephrine, were observed in those hypertensive rats. Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 increased in the PVN of those rats, associated with a significant activation of microglia and prominent disruption of redox balance, which was demonstrated by higher superoxide and NAD(P)H oxidase 2 (NOX-2) and NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX-4), and lower Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in PVN. PVN infusion of minocycline attenuated all hypertension-related alterations described above.CONCLUSION:This study indicates that high salt leads to microglial activation within PVN of hypertensive rats, and those activated PVN microglia release PICs and trigger the production of reactive oxygen species, which contributes to sympathoexcitation and development of hypertension. Blockade of PVN microglial activation inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress, therefore attenuating the development of hypertension induced by high-salt diet.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of progressive dementia. In the present study, we showed hippocampal tissue transcriptome analysis in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1, AD model) mice treated with fasudil (ADF) and compared with AD mice treated with saline (ADNS) and wild type mice (WT). The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed and validated the differential expression of mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, and circRNA. Our study showed differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) between WT and ADNS, while enriched in cell growth and death and nervous system pathways. DEMs between ADNS-ADF were enriched in the nervous system, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis-keratan sulfate (KS) and Quorum sensing pathways. We validated four genes with RT-PCR, whereas enrichment of Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (Acsl4, ENSMUST00000112903) in Quorum sensing pathways, and BTG anti-proliferation factor 1 (Btg1, ENSMUST00000038377) in RNA degradation pathways were conducted. Expression of these two genes were higher in ADNS, but were significantly reduced in ADF. Histone H4 transcription factor (Hinfp, ENSMUST00000216508) orchestrate G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle and co-expressed with mmu-miR-26a-2-3p-mediated ceRNA and mmu-miR-3065-5p-mediated ceRNA; Wnt family member 4 (Wnt4, ENSMUST00000045747) was enriched in mTOR, Hippo and Wnt signaling pathway. Expression of these two genes were significantly lower in ADNS, and fasudil treatment reverse it. The present studies demonstrated four genes: Acsl4, Btg1, Hinfp, Wnt4 could be potential biomarkers of AD and the targets of fasudil treatment. These results will pave a novel direction for future clinic studies for AD and fasudil treatment.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management behavior on the rehabilitation of stroke patients to lay a theoretical basis for using patient-reported outcome (PRO) for rehabilitation evaluation of stroke patients.Materials and methods396 patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of 4 tertiary general hospitals in Datong from August 1st 2018 to March 31st 2020 were included in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included patients were randomly assigned into a self-management intervention group and a control group. Only the control group received the clinical pathway intervention of stroke rehabilitation. The stroke patients in the intervention group received the self-management intervention in addition to the clinical pathway intervention of stroke rehabilitation. The self-management status and rehabilitation results of the patients were evaluated in 24 h and 3 months after the patients were enrolled, respectively. Statistical description and analysis were conducted using SPSS20.0 statistical software. The general data of the patients were expressed by percentage. The data regarding patients’ self-management and rehabilitation results were statistically described by percentage, mean and standard deviation. The comparison between groups was drawn through t-test and analysis of variance. Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparison correction. The correlation between rehabilitation results and patients’ basic conditions and self-management was investigated through Pearson correlation analysis. The main factors for self-management behaviors were studied through multiple stepwise regression analyses.ResultsThe total scores of self-management behaviors of the investigated subjects achieved statistical significance in different ages, occupations, educational levels, income levels, exercise intervention, past medical history, BMI, as well as marital status (P < 0.01). In this study, there was no statistical difference in different genders and medical insurance status (P > 0.05). The total scores of self-management behaviors and the scores of the respective dimension were positively correlated with the health education, exercise intervention, functional training, psychological intervention, food intake, living habits, and functional training of stroke patients at the recovery stage. Educational level and marital status were positively correlated with the rehabilitation results of patients. The PRO questionnaire for the stroke scored higher in married patients and highly educated patients, and there were statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). Family history was negatively correlated with the rehabilitation results of patients. Exercise intervention and functional training were positively correlated with the rehabilitation results of patients.ConclusionEducation level, health education, food intake, exercise and rehabilitation training, sleep, and psychological intervention were the main factors for self-management behavior in stroke patients at the recovery stage. Self-management interventions can effectively increase the health education level of stroke patients, strengthen their self-confidence in disease self-management, facilitate the establishment of effective self-management behavior of patients, and improve their quality of life and subjective well-being. Stroke PRO scale can be used to evaluate the clinical intervention effect of self-management on stroke patients in multiple dimensions, especially evaluating the improvement of subjective mental and psychological state of patients, thus revealing the intervention effect of self-management on stroke patients comprehensively.

Abstract Background Early detection and intervention using hospital database were followed to provide accurate data support and effective intervention programs for elderly population with cognitive dysfunction. Materials and Methods A total of 3352 rural-urban residents aged ≥ 60 years in urban area, Guangling and Tianzhen counties were selected by random sampling method from the hospital database for demographic information, MoCA scale assessment and prevalence were assessed. We analyzed the influencing factors related with MCI prevalence by logistic regression test. Results The total prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in urban and rural residents in Datong was 13.98%. There were no significant difference in the prevalence of MCI between urban and rural residents in gender and among same gender. The prevalence of MCI in rural were significantly higher as compared with urban residents in the age groups of 70–79 and 80–89, however 60–69 and above 90 years age group did not showed significant change. Elderly with the same residence and different educational levels, the prevalence of MCI gradually decreased with the increase of educational level. Also, elderly with chronic diseases in urban and rural residents was showed higher MCI prevalence as compared to elderly without chronic diseases. Conclusion MCI disparities among 70–90 age groups with different genders, ages, living conditions, educational levels and diseases condition. Old age, female, low education, living in rural areas and chronic disease condition were major risk factors for MCI. Seventy years old could be the vulnerable age for MCI prevalence in urban and rural residents. Our study suggests that attention should be paid to the rural elderly aged 60–69 with chronic diseases. Early screening strategy and targeted intervention of MCI could be best possible approarch to mitigate the disparity.

目的 研究PSCAD的临床特征,探索建立基于微信公众号的PSCAD的早期识别及干预平台.方法 入组的研究对象于发病第二周进行焦虑、抑郁以及神经功能缺损程度评估,将诊断为PSCAD的患者设为研究组;其余患者设为对照组.基于微信公众平台,开发对发卒中患者自动进行焦虑、抑郁自评与他评,并进行在线问诊和教育的平台.结果 PSCAD发病率为28.63％,PSCAD的症状特点是患者焦虑、抑郁症状都较突出:焦虑症状为患者焦虑心情、自主神经功能障碍症状、运动性不安等;抑郁症状为患者有低落心境、有能力减退、睡眠障碍、生活空虚感等抑郁症常见的症状;建立微信公众号,患者通过健康自评、线上问诊,实现PSCAD的早发现、早干预和早康复.结论 PSCAD是较常见的脑卒中后情绪障碍,临床上应常规进行评估.微信庞大的用户群以健康意识较强年轻人群体为主,且老年用户也在逐年增加,所以开发基于微信公众号的卒中后焦虑抑郁识别及干预平台,可以方便医护人员及患者家属发现患者情绪情感异常进行及时干预.

目的 分析山西省大同市12例2019新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的流行病学和临床特征.方法 收集2020年1月23日-3月12日大同市第四人民医院收治的12例COVID-19患者的流行病学及临床资料.结果 12例患者中男6例,女6例,年龄7～65岁,平均32±17岁.其中轻型2例(16.7％),普通型9例(75.0％),重型1例(8.3％).8例(66.7％)来自武汉返乡人员,8例(66.7％)是家庭聚集性病例,涉及4个家庭.主要临床症状有咳嗽8例(66.7％),发热6例(50.0％),乏力5例(41.7％)等.普通型和重型患者胸部CT可见单发或多发磨玻璃影.治疗以雾化吸入α-干扰素、口服洛匹那韦/利托那韦抗病毒治疗为主,8例(75.0％)患者静脉滴注莫西沙星,2例(16.7％)联合静脉滴注头孢哌酮舒巴坦.11例(91.7％)患者好转出院,1例(8.3％)转上级医院,无死亡病例,出院患者的平均住院时间为22±13 d.结论 大同市COVID-19患者流行病学特征明显,临床症状以咳嗽、发热、乏力多见,重型患者实验室检查指标异常.治疗上应避免不恰当地使用抗菌药物.