The first salt of alkaline metal and L-tryptophane, K 2 (L-Trp) 2 (H 2 O) ( I ), is synthesized by the reaction of L-tryptophane (HTrp) with potassium hydroxide in an aqueous-alcohol solution. Compound I is characterized by IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF file CCDC no. 2184367). Compound I is found to have a layered structure due to the presence of the bridging water molecule and chelate-bridging anions. The quantum chemical calculations of the crystal structure (PBE, plane-wave basis set, 800 eV) is used to evaluate the strength of interactions of the potassium ion with the L-tryptophanate anion (depending on the coordination type) and the influence of the anion conformation on the strength of coordination, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic interactions.

Effective drugs with antiaggregant and anticoagulant activity are known to possess side effects. It was hypothesized that compounds synthesized from natural amino acids would possess these pharmacological activities without many of the side effects. In this regard, a number of amino-acid salts of alkali and alkaline-earth metals were synthesized and studied. The newly synthesized compounds were identified using PMR spectra, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Laboratory studies carried out with isolated blood of healthy volunteers identified seven compounds exhibiting antiaggregant properties. The antiaggregant effects of these compounds on the maximum amplitude of aggregation was comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid and exceeded it in terms of inhibition of the platelet release reaction. Computer simulation of the interaction of the most active amino-acid salts with the surface of cyclooxygenase confirmed their possible participation in the inhibition of this enzyme.

Various drugs are used in modern pharmaceuticals nowadays that affect the blood hemostasis processes. Their spectrum is quite wide and well-studied. Nevertheless, the question of the synthesis of new drugs acting on hemostasis with fewer side effects remains open. Thus, we chose aminocaproic acid for our work as this substance has a well-known property: the effect of inhibition of fibrinolysis. By means of blocking plasminogen activators and by partially inhibiting the action of plasmin, aminocaproic acid can have a specific hemostatic effect in the case of bleeding associated with increased fibrinolysis. Considering this information, aminocaproic acid was chosen for our research. We synthesized various compositions of compounds based on aminocaproic acid. Based on the above observations, we selected several organic compounds with various aggregate, antiaggregate and antiviral properties. In view of further using them in the synthesis of new organic compounds with a more complex molecular structure, we have obtained the following complex organic compounds of aminocaproic acid with taurine, lithium taurate, calcium taurate, lysine and aspirin. The resulting compounds were tested in an aggregometer using platelet-saturated human blood plasma to determine anti- or pro-aggregate activity. The compounds showed varying degrees of expression in the effect on platelet functional activity.

Collagen is an intercellular substance of connective tissue, it plays an important role in the physiological processes of the body. Collagen a protein comprising three polypeptide chains twisted in a spiral and for the stability of collagen, the hydroxyl group of oxyproline are involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds between polypeptide chain. The peculiarity of collagen is that 14% of amino acids contained in it are oxyproline, an amino acid that is not contained in other proteins. To this regards the content of oxyproline in serum was used to assess collagen metabolism in the body.

Two methods have been developed for the first synthesis of 1-(1-adamantyl)-2-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenoxy]ethanone derivatives by the reactions of 4-(2-alkyl-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenol with (1-adamantyl)bromomethyl ketone and 2-ethyl-, 2-isopropyl-, and 4-nitroimidazoles with 1-(1-adamantyl)-2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]ethanone. It was found that the total yields of the target products depend on the steric and electronic effects of substituents in positions 2 and 4 of the imidazole core.

An increase in the diameters of the zones of growth inhibition of Escherichia coli M-17 compared with the control (not treated with PMF) was shown when the benzylpenicillin powder was exposed to a pulsed magnetic field, which means an increase in antibacterial activity. In addition, exposure of benzylpenicillin to PMF did not induce free radical formation and did not alter acute toxicity. The appearance of free radicals in irradiated preparations was assessed by the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Acute toxicity was studied by intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics to mice before and after exposure to a pulsed electromagnetic field with the calculation and comparison of LD50 values.

N-Alkylation of 1H-imidazole and 1H-benzimidazole with 4-n-octyloxybenzylchloride, 4-n-hexadecyloxybenzylchloride and 1-(adamantyl-1)-2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy]ethanone was considered as an alternative to O-alkylation of 4-[(1Н-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol and 4-[(1Н-benzimidazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol with n-octylbromide, n-hexadecylbromide and (adamantyl-1)bromomethylketone. Additionally, the efficiency of two methods was compared based on total yields of target reaction products.

Currently there are several effective synthetic methods for preparing various N-mono- and N,N-dialkylated imidazole derivatives with a very wide variety of biological activities including antiplatelet and anticoagulation effects. The present work reports N-mono- and N,N-dialkylation of 2-methyl-, 2-ethyl-, and 4-nitroimidazoles using (adamantyl-1)bromomethylketone. The synthesized compounds were identified by elemental analyses and PMR and IR spectroscopy. Five compounds having antiplatelet properties were found in in vitro investigations of the antiplatelet and anticoagulation activity in blood of healthy volunteers. The anticoagulation effects of these compounds on the maximum aggregation amplitude were comparable with that of acetylsalicylic acid and even exceeded it with respect to the duration of inhibition of the platelet release reaction.

В настоящее время существует ряд эффективных синтетических методов, позволяющих получать различные N-моно- и N,N-диалкилированные производные имидазола, обладающие весьма широким спектром биологической активности, в том числе антиагрегационным и антикоагуляционным действием. В ходе данной работы было осуществлено N-моно- и N,N-диалкилирование 2-метил-, 2-этил- и 4-нитроимидазолов с использованием (адамантил-1)бромметилкетона. Идентификация вновь синтезированных веществ проводилась на основании результатов элементного анализа, ЯМР 1Н и ИК-спектроскопии. Лабораторные исследования, проведенные с изолированной кровью здоровых добровольцев, выявили 5 соединений, проявляющих антиагрегантные свойства. Эти соединения оказывали антиагрегационный эффект, сравнимый по влиянию на максимальную амплитуду агрегации с ацетилсалициловой кислотой и превосходящий его по времени ингибирования реакции высвобождения тромбоцитов.

The development and optimization of synthetic methods for alkyl esters of 4-[(1H-azol-1-yl)methyl]phenols enabled the expansion of organic synthesis methodology, which is extremely important for designing new structures with various types of biological activity, e.g., antiaggregant and anticoagulant. The present work studied O-alkylation of 4-[(1H-azol-1-yl)methyl]phenols with various alkylating agents, e.g., n-octyl bromide, n-hexadecyl bromide, and (adamantyl-1)bromomethylketone. The newly synthesized compounds were identified using elemental analysis and IR and PMR spectroscopy. Laboratory studies of blood isolated from healthy volunteers revealed compounds with antiaggregant and anticoagulant properties.

Previously unknown N-acyl derivatives of 1,2,3-triazole chalcones have been prepared by the acylation of the potassium salts of 4-(3-oxo-3-phenylprop-1-en-1-yl)-5-phenyl-1,2,3-triazolides with carboxylic acid chlorides. The introduction of the N-acyl residue into the heterocyclic moiety of 1-aryl-3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones has been shown to afford compounds with antibacterial activity.

The review considers methods of preparation and application of bis(1 H -azol-1-yl)methanimines that are imino analogs of 1,1′-carbonylbisazoles widely used in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including natural ones. Methods of synthesis of a number of new symmetrical and unsymmetrical bisazolylmethanimines derived from imidazole, 2(4)-alkylimidazoles, and 1,2,4-triazole are described, and data on their hydrolytic stability in aqueous—organic medium (aqueous tetrahydrofuran) at 25°C and pH 7 and biological activity with respect to rat erythrocytes are given.

Different methods for the synthesis of N-mono- and N,N-dialkylated imidazole derivatives represent certain interest not only for organic chemistry, but also for medicine. N-alkylated imidazoles are the basis of drugs with antibacterial and antifungal activities. This allows us to consider them as efficient synthons for the synthesis of modern medicines. The quaternary imidazolium salts are applied as anticorrosive substances in petroleum industry due to their antibacterial activity against sulfur bacteria. The introduction of (adamantoyl-1)methyl group with high lipophilicity to the composition of imidazole derivatives contributes in some cases to increasing their bactericidal effect. In this paper, N-mono- and N,N-dialkylation of imidazole derivatives was carried out by using (adamantyl-1)bromomethylketone. The newly obtained compounds were identified using 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy, and its homogeneity by TLC. In addition, the counter synthesis was conducted with previously obtained N-adamantoylmethylimidazoles to define the structure of quaternary salts. The experimental results demonstrated identical of 1,3-bis[(adamantoyl-1)methyl]imidazolium bromides which were received in two various ways. To determine antibacterial activity of received substances we were examined its influence on E.Coli cells. DMSO was used as a comparison control. The experiment was carried out in MPA medium. The disc-diffusion method was selected as a test of the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria.

Biodegradation of alkyl-substituted adamantane derivatives (1-methyl, 1,3-dimethyl-, and 1,3,5-trimethyladamantane) by slow-growing bacteria Mycobacterium AGS10 was studied. The process was carried out under extremely acidic conditions (pH 2.5). Bacterial strain AGS10 was able to utilize these alicyclic hydrocarbons with a high degree of condensation and diamond-like structure, which are usually resistant to microbial transformation. Efficiency of alkyaldamantane biodegradation by the cells growing with these substrates as the sole carbon and energy sources was affected significantly by their aggregate state, which depended on molecular structure. Compared to the solid 1-methyladamantane, 1,3-dimethyladamantane, which is liquid under normal conditions, was a preferable substrate. Adamantanes in the gas condensate were generally more resistant to bacterial degradation than such markers as normal and isoprenoid alkanes. Moreover, biodegradation had no significant effect on relative distribution of the tested С11–С13 alkyladamantanes.

The main thermodynamic characteristics of the reactions of para-substituted benzonitrile oxides and benzonitrile sulfides with propylene were calculated by the density functional theory (DFT) method with the B3LYP hybrid functional and 6-31G(d) split-valence basis set using the Gaussian 09 program package. In all cases, introduction of the electron-withdrawing nitro group into the dipole molecule promotes the cycloaddition reaction.

We applied the knowledge-based approaches from the CSD-Materials to three novel heterocycle-1-carbohydrazonamides, for which molecular geometry was obtained by means of ab initio calculations, to predict the topological properties of their supramolecular motifs in the crystalline phase. Our survey suggested competition between nitrogen atoms of the heterocycle and carbohydrazonamide moieties to act as acceptors of H-bonding with the donor-NH2 group that can result in polymorphism based on various H-bonded motifs. The possibility of H-bonded polymorphism was proven for imidazole- and triazole-l-carbohydrazones with the ToposPro knowledge databases, which contain information on relations between local connectivity of molecules and topology of the whole H-bonded system. Experimental structures obtained with single crystal X-ray diffraction belong to the most abundant H-bonded motifs with proposed probabilities in the range 6-44%, thus giving evidence that the CSD-Materials and ToposPro knowledge databases can be combined to successfully predict H-bonded networks even for molecular families with a small number of representatives.

Huisgen reaction of (E)-1,5-diarylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ones and (E)-1,5-diarylpent-1-en-4-yn-3-ones afforded 1-aryl-3-(5-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones and 3-aryl-1-(5-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-prop-2-en-1-ones, respectively. (E)-1-Aryl-3-(5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones reacted with hydrazine hydrate and phenylhydrazine to give 72–93% of 4-(3-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles which underwent dehydrogenation on heating in boiling acetic acid with formation of the corresponding pyrazole derivatives. The molecular structures of (E)-3-phenyl-1-(5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one and 4-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole were studied by X-ray analysis. 4-(3-Aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles showed toxicity against Daphnia magna.

The study of condition of the system of hemoglobin, release of peptide com- pounds, and proteolytic activity of human erythrocytes under conditions of hy- perglycemia of varying degrees is carried out. The increase in the level of hy- perglycemia is accompanied by a decrease of affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen and the growth of level of metgemoglobin, the glycosylated hemoglobin level is increased in conditions of severe hyperglycemia. The level of formation of pep- tides in erythrocytes and the level of output of their cells is determined by the increase in trypsin-like activity in cytosol and increased membrane permeability of red blood cells.