Currently, amidst the continuous expansion of renewable energy capacity and the inherent uncertainties in power consumption patterns, hydrogen has emerged as a preeminent energy storage solution due to its convenience, rapid response capabilities, and environmental sustainability. Consequently, the integration of hydrogen production and storage systems (IHPS) into coupled electricity-carbon market transactions assumes paramount significance. This paper presents a meticulously designed market transaction framework tailored for an electricity-carbon coupling energy system that incorporates IHPS, and evaluates its environmental and economic performance during operational phases through simulation using real-world data from a specific industrial park. The findings reveal that: (1) From an environmental perspective, IHPS substantially enhance carbon reduction rates through synergistic electricity-carbon market transactions. Specifically, carbon emissions reduction increased by 90.43% in systems devoid of IHPS, whereas this figure surged to 106.74% in systems integrating IHPS. Furthermore, carbon pricing strategies exert a profound influence on emission levels. (2) Under both uniform pricing and tiered pricing carbon trading mechanisms, the aggregate economic benefits accrued by IHPS witnessed an increase of 12.72% and 12.63%, respectively. (3) When the carbon trading coefficient is set at 0.75, the costs associated with energy procurement and operational maintenance stabilize at 12.44×103 and 0.93×103, respectively, while carbon emission revenues and associated benefits exhibit an upward trajectory. The insights gleaned from the scheduling analysis exclusively impact environmental and economic efficiency and can serve as a strategic reference point for the investment and construction endeavors pertaining to IHPS.

A bottom-up ligand engineering strategy enables the construction of ionic metal-organic frameworks (iMOFs) with hierarchical porosity and abundant unsaturated Cu+ active sites via halogen anion coordination. These iMOFs exhibit exceptional water stability due to a unique Cu─Br stabilization mechanism. The defect-engineered frameworks demonstrate enhanced CO2 adsorption, efficient humid CO2 capture, and superior catalytic performance in CO2-epoxides coupling reaction, exhibiting size-selectivity correlated with their pore dimensions.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are widely used owing to their excellent properties. This review elucidates the definition and formation mechanisms of DESs, compares them with conventional solvents, and provides a classification. The roles of DESs in battery chemistry and their applications in manufacturing and recycling are innovatively summarized. Perspectives are proposed to promote the green development of DESs in the renewable energy technologies.

The photosensitization effect of[Mo 3 S 13 ] 2− nanocluster cocatalysts was unveiled by rationally incorporating them into a wide-bandgap ZnS host, leading to active and sustainable visible-light photocatalytic H 2 evolution.

We report sustainable manganese catalysts immobilized on protonated imidazolium matrixes via aqueous synthesis for efficient CO2 conversion. These recyclable systems enable cyclic carbonate synthesis from epoxides and CO2 with 85%-98% yields, leveraging synergistic Lewis's acid-ionic site cooperation. The catalyst further demonstrates versatility in one-pot cascade reactions, directly converting olefins/styrenes to cyclic carbonates through integrated epoxidation-carbonation. Structural stability and retained activity over five cycles highlight practical viability. This work advances CO2 utilization strategies through rational integration of transition metal catalysis and ionic activation, offering a green protocol for carbon capture and chemical synthesis.

Elucidating the properties of cocatalysts from all aspects endows them with new roles as proactive regulators of light harvesting and reaction kinetics, thereby promoting the overall efficiency of photocatalysts. [Mo3S13]2- nanoclusters have served as one of the most efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), while their underlying photo-responsive behaviors within hybrid photocatalyst systems remain unexplored. Herein, we unveil the visible-light sensitization effect of [Mo3S13]2- nanoclusters via hot-electron injection, driving apparent and sustainable photocatalytic HER. This effect was demonstrated by loading [Mo3S13]2- nanoclusters on a wide-bandgap nanosized ZnS host. Detailed characterizations further clarified the photosensitization of [Mo3S13]2- nanoclusters, revealing that HER activity is enhanced by visible-light responsivity and light-induced nanocluster-to-host electron transfer. This work not only showcases the dual function of the advanced [Mo3S13]2- nanocluster cocatalysts but also provides guidance for the discovery and understanding of more multifunctional materials, opening new opportunities for efficient, multimodal photocatalysis.

Multimodal luminescent materials are crucial for advanced information encryption, real-time dosimetry, and high-resolution bioimaging, yet integrating orthogonal stimulus-responsiveness into a single-component system is challenging. Herein, we report a Pr3+-doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 (CGGO: Pr3+) garnet phosphor that exhibits orthogonally addressable luminescence under ultraviolet (UV) light, X-ray radiation, and thermal stimulation. This phosphor demonstrates dual spectrally distinct emissions with relative intensities that can be precisely modulated by varying the excitation wavelength or ambient temperature, enabling color tuning from blue to orange. Furthermore, time-resolved multi-color afterglow after UV or X-ray pre-excitation, along with thermally stimulated luminescence, provides complementary readout channels. Notably, CGGO: Pr3+ exhibits dose-rate- and temperature-dependent color evolution (from blue-white to orange-white) under concurrent UV and X-ray irradiation, facilitating real-time naked-eye monitoring of both X-ray dose rate and temperature. By leveraging these orthogonal response modes, we demonstrate visual real-time X-ray dose and temperature detection, high-security X-ray imaging, and 3D-encrypted quick response codes. This study establishes CGGO: Pr3+ as a versatile single-component platform for orthogonal stimuli-responsive applications, advancing the fields of dynamic information encryption and instantaneous X-ray dose-rate visualization.

Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is a pivotal technology for converting solar energy into chemical energy. Nevertheless, the hydrogen spillover effect in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution remains poorly understood, particularly given the potential interplay between charge transfer and proton transport. In this work, we employ an in situ topologically transformed heterostructure In2O3/ZnS as a model system to systematically investigate the coupled charge and proton dynamics. Derived from Zn-In LDHs (layered double hydroxides), the In2O3/ZnS composite offers advantages including a relatively high specific surface area and the favorable introduction of defects. Our experimental results demonstrate that intrinsic defects within the In2O3/ZnS composite not only act as defect energy levels to broaden light absorption but also directly participate in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction by modulating the hydrogen spillover process. Characterizations reveal that hydrogen spillover promotes proton transfer, while interfacial charge transfer accelerates charge migration. The synchronous spatial separation of charge carriers and protonic species, arising from the high-density boundaries in the in situ topologically converted heterostructure, synergistically enhances the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. This dual-migration strategy for charges and protons provides insights for the rational design of efficient heterostructures for both photocatalytic and electrocatalytic applications.

The development of catalysts with high stability, easy recovery, and multiple active sites is a particularly challenging aspect of CO2 catalysis. In this study, several hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids (HPILs) with multiple active sites were developed to achieve efficient CO2 conversion from flue gas. We investigated the cycloaddition performance with CO2 using these HPILs as catalysts and allyl glycidyl ethers (AGE) as model substrates. Among these, the [TDMPH]I catalysts, featuring I- and hydroxyl active sites, achieved impressive product yields (98 %) and selectivity (>99 %) at 60 degrees C, 1 bar, and 5 mol% catalyst dosage over 4 h. Notably, this reaction was conducted under solvent-free conditions without the need for co-catalysts. Furthermore, these ionic liquids exhibit non-homogeneous catalyst characteristics, enabling efficient recovery via ethyl acetate crystallization, along with excellent cyclic stability and high activity.

Vacancy engineering is highly effective in optimizing the electrochemical performance of transition-metal selenide anodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, traditional construction strategies face the problems of low vacancy stability, additional internal structure destruction for the host material, limited vacancy content and a complicated preparation process with high energy consumption. Here we for the first time demonstrated that an aligned carbon matrix with the abundant low-tortuosity channels is capable of effectively inducing the formation of abundant selenium vacancies in the transition-metal selenide anode, meanwhile existing stably throughout its long-term cycle process. Benefiting from the advantage that abundant selenium vacancies with high stability can continuously restrain the polyselenides dissolution in the electrolyte, the prepared anode exhibits significantly improved cycling stability. Meanwhile, the fast mass and charge transport allowed by both the abundant aligned straight channels and selenium vacancies also promise it an exceptionally excellent rate capability with an ultrahigh capacity retention of 95.1

The construction of high‐quality solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li metal is one of the key strategies to improve the performance of Li metal anodes. Herein, we propose a novel gas‐liquid hybrid source plasma technology to construct composite SEI consisting of organic lithium methyl carbonate (LMC) and inorganic lithium nitride (Li 3 N) and lithium oxide (Li 2 O) on the lithium metal. Supported by the theoretical calculation, the inorganic Li 3 N and Li 2 O phases possess low diffusion barrier potentials, favorable for fast Li + transportation, and enhanced lithophilicity. Meanwhile, the organic LMC can effectively accommodate the volume expansion of lithium metal due to its high mechanical flexibility. Accordingly, the lithium metal anode modified by plasma‐made SEI has a low overpotential of 11.4 mV at 1 mAh cm −2 for 950 h with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%, superior to the unmodified Li metal anode. When coupled with LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM811) cathode, the assembled full cell is proven with a higher capacity retention of 87.77% after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, indicating its significantly enhanced cycling stability due to the synergistic effect between Li 3 N, Li 2 O, and LMC in the composite SEI. This research demonstrates that plasma is a unique method for constructing high‐quality SEI to achieve enhanced lithium anodes for energy storage.

Single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (SE-TENG) is essentially useful when only one triboelectric electrode can connect to external load. Conventional metal electrodes are susceptible to corrosion in open environments characterized by high humidity and acidic or alkaline conditions. Thus, the material used for the triboelectric layer must exhibit robust resistance to environmental acids and alkalis. To achieve this target, advancements have been made to wrap up metal electrodes or substitute it with non-metallic conductive materials. However, the non-metallic conductive materials have not been explored their capabilities of acting as both electrodes and triboelectric layers. In this work, carboxylate cellulose nanofibers (CNF), graphene nanosheets (GN), and citric acid (CA) were utilized to create a conductive nanofiber/graphene (CNF/GN-CA) film with superior acid/alkali resistance. We develop a single-electrode mode TENG named CGC-TENG, in which this CNF/GN-CA worked as both an electrode and a triboelectric material. The CGC-TENG demonstrated stable output over 15,300 cycles and remained stable after 10 h immersion in pH = 1 and pH = 14 solutions, showing superior acid/alkali resistance. Based on the better performance of CNF/GN-CA film with long-term stability, CGC-TENG was demonstrated as a "trigger functional sensor" with rapid response speed (0.35 s) and short recovery time (0.25 s). Thus, the CGC-TENG holds significant promise for applications in human-computer interaction systems under various harsh environmental conditions.

A metal-organic skeleton (MOF) -derived bimetallic sulfide catalyst, FeCoS2/Fe0.95S1.05, is proposed here for electrochemical ammonia production, which offers a sustainable and energy-saving technical solution for nitrate removal and green NH3 synthesis under environmental conditions. The catalyst benefits from the excellent conductivity and effective synergistic effect of bimetallic sulfides, and it has a NH3 yield of 2.705 mg h- 1 mgcat. - 1 , a maximum Faraday efficiency of 94.79 %, an ammonium selectivity of 96.88 %, and it also maintains good catalytic stability over 12 consecutive cycles. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of Fe into the Co site changes the electron configuration of the atoms, resulting in a more pronounced Fe-to-*NO3 electron transfer, and NO3 - can be effectively activated at the surface Fe-Co sites, thereby facilitating the NO3-RR process and realizing efficient NH3 production. Therefore, this study provides a strategy for the design of electrochemical nitrate reduction electrocatalysts.

Photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a promising approach for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production to alternative conventional anthraquinone process. However, the slow O-2 diffusion and low-efficiency water oxidation reaction (WOR, limitation of protons) pathways have restricted the H2O2 production efficiency of organic photocatalysts. Therefore, a promising strategy to develop photocatalysts with three-dimensional (3D) architectures possessing high O-2 diffusion, high-efficiency WOR pathway, and quick H2O2 desorption is desirable. Herein, a hydrophobic two-dimensional porous organic polymer (2D-POP) based on tetraphenylethylene (TPE) was synthesized as the building block. 3D-POPs (TPE-2 and TPE-3) were subsequently developed through the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction to regulate the O-2 adsorption and optical properties. The 3D architectures allow O-2 to diffuse into the interlayers, leading to efficient extraction of O-2 from air, thus an excellent H2O2 production rate of 2.57 mmol g(-1) h(-1)has been achieved by TPE-2 in air and without sacrificial agents, which only decreases by 4% compared to that in O-2 due to a suitable specific surface area, good photoelectric properties, and excellent mass transfer of O-2, H+, and H2O2. Furthermore, the H2O2 production rate of TPE-2 reaches 2.67 mmol g(-1) h(-1) in a triphasic system in air, which is higher than that in a traditional diphasic system, and the concentration of H2O2 reaches 1.80 mmol L-1 h(-1). Additionally, by adding external Fe2+ or Fe3+ to make the utmost of photogenerated H2O2 and trigger the in-situ Fenton reaction for the formation of OH, TPE-2 exhibits extraordinary photodegradation efficiency toward representative organic pollutants, reaching > 99% removal within 60 min for bisphenol A and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with high concentrations (200 ppm).

Porous organic polymers (POPs) have received extensive attention in photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. Nonetheless, the main factors contributing to the arrival at practical application are the synthesis complexity, catalytic efficiency, operational stability, synthetic cost, and the long-overlooked water oxidation reaction (WOR). Herein, a series of metal-free photocatalysts were synthesized via a one-step Friedel-Crafts reaction using the inexpensive monomers 1,4-benzenedimethanol and 4,4 '-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1 '-biphenyl, with a cost of 0.084 $ g(-1). Importantly, band structure engineering enables concurrent oxygen reduction reaction and WOR activation, achieving a record productivity of 3.94 mmol g(-1) h(-1) under air. To facilitate economic scalability and reproducibility, a dual-liquid-phase cyclic system for continuous H2O2 production was equipped to deliver H2O2 in a controllable concentration, highlighting its practical application. This work advances the fundamental understanding of structure-activity correlations in heterogeneous photocatalysis while delivering an engineered solution for sustainable and cost-effective H2O2 synthesis, bridging molecular-level design with scalable applications.

Contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction (EI) are believed to be the core processes in classic liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerators (L-S TENGs), including the classical transistor-like droplet-based electricity generator (DEG) and other forms of DEGs. Recently reported total current DEGs made full use of CE, EI, and charge transfer (CT) effects and realized the coupling of displacement and conducting currents. However, this method has only been revealed in special structures, which have limitations depending on the falling location of droplets. Here, we construct a press-release total current DEG (PRTC-DEG) using a single droplet of water to visually verify the universality of CT and the contribution of conducting current in the total current DEG. By simply squeezing and then releasing this PRTC-DEG, charges are squirted out to realize the separation of charges in space and time. The working mechanism of PRTC-DEG and the coupling between displacement current and conducting current are also demonstrated. In addition, the structural design proposed in this study alleviates the dependence of output on the falling location of droplets in DEG and provides a new working mode for DEG, which makes DEG expand to more scenarios.

Ionic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) exhibit unique advantages as heterogeneous catalysts due to their permanent porosity, programmable charge transport, and tunable host-guest interactions. Here, the fabrication of cationic iCOFs via direct solvothermal assembly and integrate zinc ions (Zn(II))-imine centers are reported to construct bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts. The resultant catalyst, Zn@PD-iCOF, achieves remarkable yields (up to 99%) of cyclic carbonates in carbon dioxide (CO2)-epoxides cycloaddition reactions under mild conditions (at 80 degrees C, 0.1 MPa CO2) without the need for co-catalysts and solvents, superior to most previously reported ionic catalysts. This exceptional performance stems from hierarchically ordered pores structure, fully exposed dual active sites (ion pair and Lewis acid site), and their synergistic electronic coupling. Moreover, the catalyst retains >90% activity over twelve consecutive cycles, demonstrating exceptional stability. This study establishes a blueprint for designing task-specific COFs catalysts for efficient CO2 chemical fixation.

A three-dimensional host architecture has emerged as a promising strategy for developing high-energy lithium metal anodes, where the lithiophilic characteristics and interfacial compatibility of the host material play pivotal roles in determining the electrochemical performance. In this work, we demonstrate an innovative gas plasma-assisted technique for in situ synthesis of NiF2 coatings on nickel fiber current collectors. The three-dimensional interconnected NiF2-modified Ni fiber network not only provides efficient electron transport pathways but also enables homogeneous lithium-ion flux distribution, synergistically reducing local current density and alleviating volume changes during cycling. The NiF2-modified Ni fiber/lithium metal anode (Li/FN) achieves a low overpotential of 16.7 mV for 2600 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.1%, showing a marked improvement over its unmodified counterpart. When paired with LiN0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathodes, the assembled full cells exhibit a capacity retention rate of 85.2% after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. This plasma-enabled surface engineering approach presents a scalable and efficient pathway for fabricating high-performance lithium metal anodes, offering new insights into interface optimization strategies for next-generation battery systems.