An amino acid and a carbonyl molecule are combined to generate Schiff bases complexes, which are useful compounds. Catalytic activity is high in many metals Schiff base complexes, especially chiral ones. Examples of processes include epoxidation, aldol condensation, hydroxylation, and oxidation. In several activities and in the presence of moisture, complexes display considerable catalytic activity. They have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, anticancer, and anti-HIV properties, among other biological activities. Research into these compounds’ coordination behavior has exploded because of specific metals on them, their biological activity and their intrinsic chemical interest as multidentate ligands. This article provides an overview of the numerous syntheses and uses for Schiff bases and their metal complexes.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began churning out incredulous terror in December 2019. Within several months from its first detection in Wuhan, SARS-CoV-2 spread to the rest of the world through droplet infection, making it a pandemic situation and a healthcare emergency across the globe. The available treatment of COVID-19 was only symptomatic as the disease was new and no approved drug or vaccine was available. Another challenge with COVID-19 was the continuous mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Some repurposed drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and remdesivir, received emergency use authorization in various countries, but their clinical use is compromised with either severe and fatal adverse effects or nonavailability of sufficient clinical data. Molnupiravir was the first molecule approved for the treatment of COVID-19, followed by Paxlovid™, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and others. New molecules have variable therapeutic efficacy against different variants or strains of SARS-CoV-2, which require further investigations. The aim of this review is to provide in-depth information on new molecules and repurposed drugs with emphasis on their general description, mechanism of action (MOA), correlates of protection, dose and dosage form, route of administration, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and marketing authorizations.

The cleaning solution for the post-chemical mechanical planarization (post-CMP) process of tungsten in neutralalkaline media requires corrosion inhibitors as an additive, especially for advanced devices where the device node size shrinks below 10 nm. In the present study, the corrosion inhibition performance of benzethonium chloride (BTC) is evaluated in neutral-alkaline conditions. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis showed - 90 % of corrosion inhibition efficiency with an optimum concentration of 0.01 wt% BTC at both pH 7 and 11. Langmuir adsorption isotherm, frontier molecular orbital theory, molecular simulation, contact angle, precipitation study, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis were performed to identify the inhibition mechanism of the BTC molecule on the W surface. Based on the proposed mechanism, the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged N atom in the BTC molecule and the negatively charged W surface initiates the adsorption of the molecule. The high dipole moment and large molecular size enhance the physical adsorption of the molecule to the surface. In addition to this, the adsorption isotherm analysis shows that possible chemical interaction with a moderate value of Gibbs free energy change of adsorption exists between the W and

The objective of this investigation was fabrication and evaluation of isoniazid loaded chitosan nanostructures. Nanostructures were fabricated by ionotropic gelation technique, and evaluated by average particle size, encapsulation efficacy, drug loading, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro drug release. The fabricated nanostructures were having particle size, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency ranging 234.2 to 716.8 nm, 12.70% to 17.77% and 47.7% to 79.97%, respectively. The optimized nanoformulation was found to show sustained release of drug during 24 hrs study period.

This paper defines a study of reinforcement of the most commonly used and economically available ceramics into copper nickel alloy matrix in specific measured weight percentage ratios, three different samples are fabricated and tested to prove the enhancement in mechanical properties of the new composite, especially the increase in hardness since the copper tubes which are ductile in nature undergo malleability in deep sea applications due to the strong ocean currents which leads to corrosion and fracture in due course, without much reduction the basic mechanical properties of copper, this comparison attempt is made to identify the best suitable ceramic which can help reduce the ductility and improve hardness of the copper nickel alloy. KeywordsReinforced Composite, Ceramics, Stir-Casting, Brinell hardness, Cutting Force.

Soil fertility and yield on sustainable basis may improve by conservation tillage and nitrogen management. This study was aim to appraise impact of 3 tillage viz. zero (ZT), reduced (RT) and conventional tillage (CT) without or with residue retention/incorporation and 5 N rates (0, 80, 120, 160, and 200 kg·N·ha-1) on yield, grain quality and soil health i.e. soil organic matter (SOC), bulk density, infiltration rate and microbial biomass carbon of wheat. Nitrogen rates was significantly exaggerated yield and quality where highest values recorded at 200 kg·N·ha-1. Mean maximum grain yield (46.13 and 47.18 q ha-1 and protein % 11.1 to 12.1%, gluten 10.6% and starch 63.5 to 67.5%) could be attained at 160 kg·N·ha-1. The use of ZT with residue retention and RT with residue retention for two crop cycle increased soil organic carbon by 54.68% and 54.22% more than that of conventional tillage (CT), respectively. The SOC, WSOC, POC and MBC were highest under ZT as against reduced (RT) and conventional tillage (CT). Nevertheless, tillage × N interactions were not significant for most of the parameters under this study, the general influence of ZT with 160 kg·N·ha-1 on sandy loam soil seemed to be most positive than RT and CT. Thus, results advise that ZT with 160 kg·N·ha-1 was finest and sustainable approach to attain more yield and also to improve SOC and MBC of subtropical India.

Personality is more enduring in nature and differs person to person. Thus, this paper examined the effect of an individual’s personality traits on tourists’ intention to visit green hotel using Big five model. A self-administered questionnaire was utilised using adapted items from relevant literature. Data were conveniently collected from the 285 tourists’ who visited India at central locations (tourist places, hotels, and airports). Model was analysed by means of measurement and structural model using statistical analysis software SPSS V.20 & AMOS V.21. The findings reveal that four personality traits viz. agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion were positive predictors of intention to visit green hotels, but neuroticism was an insignificant predictor. This study helps to gain fresh and better understanding of the tourists’ intention to visit green hotels because, in past researches, the relationships between personality traits and green tourist’s behavioural intention were contradictory and inconsistent. This study is one of its first kind to examine the effect of an individual’s personality traits on his/her intention to visit green hotel using Big five model in the context of a developing

Semantic Web is extension to World Wide Web. It has different types of applications which need security and privacy. As cyber attacks are increasing day by day, security becomes the critical issue in Semantic Web. In this paper, we have discussed attacks on Semantic Web. We have described the various categories of the attacks like XML attacks, Semantic Web Service attacks, Semantic Web injection attacks, trust attacks etc. We have also discussed their countermeasures.

In the present investigation, two thiazolidinedione derivatives, 5-[(2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione (Inh I) and 5-[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-6-(4-methoxylphenyl)-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione (Inh II) were synthesized and investigated as inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in 15% HCl solution using the weight loss, electrochemical polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was found that the inhibition efficiency of these inhibitors increased with increasing concentration. The effect of temperature on the corrosion rate was investigated, and some thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Polarization studies showed that both studied inhibitors were of mixed type in nature. The adsorption of inhibitors on the mild steel surface in acid solution was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on inhibited and uninhibited mild steel samples to characterize the surface. The semi-empirical AM1 method was employed for theoretical calculation of highest (E HOMO), and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E LUMO) energy levels, energy gap (E LUMO − E HOMO), dipole moment (μ), global hardness (γ), softness (σ), binding energy, molecular surface area, chemical potential (Pi), and the fraction of electrons transferred from the inhibitor molecule to the metal surface (ΔN). The results were found to be consistent with the experimental findings. Keywords: EISHydrochloric acidInhibitionMild steelSEMSemi-empirical AM1 methodView correction statement:Corrigendum Acknowledgement The authors Debasis Behera and Sumit Kumar acknowledge the financial support from ISM Dhanbad and CSIR new Delhi, respectively.

Nanoparticles of silver (Ag-NPs) have received tremendous research attention for their widespread applications in recent times. The most significant one is their antibacterial properties for which they have been used from food storage to medical supplies. The present study describes a novel green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Mangifera Indica and Syzygium cumini leaf extract. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles had been confirmed by UV-Vis spectrum of the reaction media. The UV-Vis spectrum of green synthesized silver from Mangifera Indica and Syzygium cumini have maximum absorbance peaks at 370 and 350 respectively. The Based on the findings, it seems very reasonable to believe that this greener way of synthesizing silver nanoparticles is not just an environmentally viable technique but it also opens up scope to improve their antibacterial properties.

Location Based Service (LBS) refers to class of applications that provides services based on the current or a known location.The location information can be obtained through the mobile communication network or the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) [8].But in all the cases after extracting information we have to make an exhaustive processing over this extracted geographic information.And this exhaustive processing requires a significant amount of time if it is performed by traditional techniques.Artificial Intelligence, on the other hand, has been proven to be useful in the interpretation of spatial resource information. On of the artificial intelligence technique to support spatial processing is artificial neural networks (ANNs). The recent developments in ANN technology have made it more ofan applied mathematical technique that has some similarities to the human brain.The integration of LBS with AIoffers a potential mechanismto lower the analysis-time of spatial information.One major advantage is that this integration allows the interpretive result from a small area to be transferred to a larger, geographically similar area.The objective of this paper is to discuss about the relativity of LBS services and Artificial Intelligence technologies and to uncover the benefits of converging LBS and AI.

In this study, chlorpyrifos degrading capability of four bacterial monocultures (RCC-2, GCC-1, GCC-3 and JCC-3) and two bacterial mixed-cultures (GCE345 and GCC134) was investigated in terms of treatment duration and culture volume, using soil slurry medium. Among the bacterial mono-cultures, RCC-2 was found to be most efficient with 21, 37, 54 and 77% of chlorpyrifos degradation in 5, 10, 15 and 30 days of treatment duration, respectively. Out of two bacterial mixed-cultures, GCC134 was more effective and resulted in 24, 38, 56 and 85% degradation of chlorpyrifos in 5, 10, 15 and 30 days of treatment, respectively. Chlorpyrifos degradation was higher by increasing the culture volume of respective bacterial cultures, from 10% to 25% (v/v), for 10 days of treatment at room temperature. The Pearson correlation between treatment duration and % degradation of chlorpyrifos were 0.953 and 0.988 with bacterial monoand mixed-cultures, respectively. SUMIT KUMAR Biotechnology Engineering Department, V.V.P. Engineering College, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360005, Gujarat, India

IJAR - Indian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) IJAR is a double reviewed monthly print journal that accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, lecturers, and corporate in their respective expertise of studies.

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In the present study, metformin-loaded gum cordia/gellan beads were prepared employing ionic-gelation technique. The formulation of sustained release beads was optimized using response surface methodology. Effect of various formulation and process variables on %entrapment and %release was screened employing Plackett–Burman screening design. The results revealed that concentrations of drug and calcium chloride, hardening time and temperature exerted significant effect. Additional batches of beads were prepared utilizing central-composite design for estimating extending effect in a spherical domain. A second-order polynomial equation fitted to the data was used to predict the responses in the optimal region. The optimized formulation provided %entrapment and %release, which were close to the predicted values. The proposed mathematical model is found to be robust and accurate for optimization of controlled release beads of metformin hydrochloride, consistent with the goals of adequate %entrapment and more than 80% release in 24 h.