Developing methods for increasing the immune reactivity and antioxidant potential of the bird's body during critical periods of growth is an urgent task today. The purpose of the research was to find out the influence of the synbiotic "Biomagn" in combination with the disinfectant "Diolide" on the intensity of the processes of peroxide oxidation of lipids and the activity of the system of antioxidant protection in the organism of chickens. The research was carried out on 2 groups of chickens, 100 in each, starting from 1 to 41 days of age: the control group was fed with standard compound feed (SCF); the chickens of the experimental group were fed with SCF, and the synbiotic preparation "Biomagn" based on 0.5 kg per ton of compound feed. The experimental group received a solution of the preparation "Diolide" with water. For conducting immunological research, blood was taken from chickens at different age periods: from 10-, 27-, 31-, and 41-day-old chickens. The use of the synbiotic preparation "Biomagn" in combination with the disinfectant "Diolide" in the chickens of the experimental group normalized the intensity of the processes of lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in the poultry's organism - a decrease was established (p <0.05–0.001) in GPO content and TBK-active products and aldehyde derivatives oxidative modification of proteins in the blood compared to the control. The detected event was determined by increased activity of the enzyme link of the antioxidant protection system of the organism of chickens.

У статті наведені результати лабораторних досліджень показників гострої токсичності, сенсибілізуючої та подразнювальної дії за умов впливу біоцидного засобу «Йодосан» на основі йоду та молочної кислоти на моделі лабораторних тварин. Визначали показники гострої токсичності на клінічно здорових білих мишах. Препарат «Йодосан» вводили тваринам одноразово внутрішньошлунково (зондом) та інгаляційно (обробка кліток). Дослідження подразнювальної та сенсибілізуючої дії препарату «Йодосан» у різних концентраціях проводили на окремих групах клінічно здорових мурчаках шляхом щоденного нашкірного нанесення на спину та боки впродовж 30 днів та експозиції шляхом занурення хвостів тварин у аналогічних концентраціях впродовж 30 хв. У експерименті використовували сучасні гуманні методи догляду та використання лабораторних тварин. Визначено, що за одноразового внутрішньошлункового введення біоцидного засобу «Йодосан» середня летальна доза (LD50) для білих мишей становила 5515,0 мг/кг маси тіла. Доведено, що препарат «Йодосан» у формі 0,3 % розчину проявляє тимчасову подразнювальну і сенсибілізуючу дію та не має негативного впливу на показники кровотворення в організмі білих мишей. Отже, за підсумком результатів досліджень визначено, що препарат «Йодосан» не володіє кумулюючими та сенсибілізуючими властивостями, не чинить подразнювальної та шкірно-резорбтивної дії, не спричинює змін показників гемопоезу та не проявляє супресивну дію щодо росту і розвитку тварин, що вказує на екологічну безпечність та нешкідливість дослідного експериментального біоцидного засобу.

The development of modern effective biocidal remedy for poultry, non-toxic disinfection in the presence of poultry with prolonged effect and sanitizing the air environment is a constant task for scientists. Controling of test cultures of micromycetes is the main indicator of determining the effectiveness of the drug. Various methods are used for this. The results of research on the effect of the biocidal drug "Iodosan" based on lactic acid, iodine, isopropanol demonstrated its fungicidal activity against the reference strains of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404. It is established that by the method of serial dilutions, using paper discs on the Chapek medium and on agar malt extract under the action of the biocidal drug "Iodosan" was determined to have an effective concentration of 0.75%. The biocidal drug «Iodosan» in 1.0% concentration after exposure for 60 minutes of effectively disinfected test objects of wood, iron, brick and plaster that were contaminated with micromycetes. It has been proven that the activity of the biocidal drug «Iodosan» depends on the concentration, the duration of exposure, which is why it is important to follow to these regimes when using it.

The use of various active substances in the composition of biocides can affect specific chemical properties. Their compatibility, solubility, stability, and corrosion activity are investigated against the background of their ability to affect pathogenic microorganisms. Due to the obtained results, the manufacturer can offer their use in specific conditions (aerosol or wet use, the possibility of use on metal structures, etc.). This publication presents the results of the study of the physicochemical properties of the biocidal agent “Iodosan”, developed by the employees of State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, based on iodine and lactic acid, dark yellow, with a moderate specific smell of iodine. The starting solution of the product is straightforward to slightly yellowish liquid with a mild iodine smell; after diluting it in tap water, the color of the water remains transparent. The agent is mixed with water to prepare a working solution, “Iodosan”, for wet and aerosol disinfection of objects. The biocidal agent “Iodosan” solution in concentrations of 0.2‒0.5 % has low corrosion activity against the treated test objects. According to research results, the most insufficient corrosion activity of the drug “Iodosan” for aluminum is observed at its concentration of 0.1‒0.5 %, steel, and galvanized steel ‒ 0.1‒0.2 %. Studies have shown that the disinfectant “Iodosan”has a surface tension of 62.03 mN/m at 20 °C. This proved that the drug has a good wetting ability, which affects the disinfecting properties. In working concentrations, the drug has a pH of 5.8. The research results confirmed the effectiveness of the biocidal preparation “Iodosan” for treating premises and equipment surfaces in optimal bactericidal concentrations, and it is recommended for use in production.

Практика засвідчує, що за останнє десятиліття одним із основних способів боротьби, профілактики та підтримання епізоотичного благополуччя щодо зоонозних інфекційних агентів в тваринницькій галузі України, а у птахівничій зокрема, залишається дезінфекція із постійним прагненням виробників до розробки дешевих, багатокомпонентних, бактерицидно ефективних дезінфікуючих засобів. На першому етапі для експериментальних досліджень in vitro розробленого дезінфікуючого засобу «Діолайд» з метою вивчення його бактерицидної активності та відсутності бактеріостатичного ефекту застосовували суспензійний метод з використанням тестових та культур мікроорганізмів: грампозитивних – Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923 грамнегативних – Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 15442, які характеризувались типовими біологічними характеристиками та проявляли стійкість до дії стандартних дезінфікуючих розчинів – 0,02 % р-ну хлораміну за експозиції 5 хв; 2,0 % р-ну перекису водню та 0,03 % р-ну глутарового альдегіду за експозиції 10 хв та 0,025 % р-ну АДБАХ за експозиції 20 хв. Для випробувань використовували виготовлені добові бактеріальні суспензії тестових культур означених мікроорганізмів у концентрації 0,5 ОО порівняльним методом з оптичним стандартом каламутності за МакФарландом. Експериментально досліджували чотири робочі розведення нового дезінфектанту «Діолайд» за двома (1+2) активними компонентами у відсотках: 0,04 % (100 мг/дм за двоокисом хлору); 0,06 % (150 мг/дм ); 0,1 % (250 мг/дм ) та 0,16% (400 мг/дм за двоокисом хлору відповідно). Оцінку ефективності робочих розчинів нового дезінфектанту «Діолайд» проводили за експозицій 30 і 60 хв. Після закінчення термінів експозицій для негайного припинення дії дезінфектанту до кожного із розведень додавали подвійний об’єм стерильного фізіологічного розчину та надалі проводили триразове відмивання від залишків дезінфектанту і осадження дослідних тестових бактерій шляхом центрифугування при 4 тис. об/хв протягом 10 хв. Відмиті від дезінфектанту тестові культури Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923 та Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 15442 для визначення наслідків бактерицидної дії дослідного засобу висівали на чашки Петрі з триптон- соєвим агаром, для виявлення бактеріостатичного ефекту – на пробірки з триптон-соєвим бульйоном та культивували за температури 37±1,0 С протягом 24–48 на твердому і 48–72 год на рідкому поживних середовищах відповідно. За аналізом результатів досліджень нами було встановлено найменшу бактерицидно ефективну концентрацію нового дезінфекційного засобу «Діолайд» на рівні 0,06 % (150 мг/дм за двоокисом хлору) і вищих, яка за 30 хв забезпечує повне знешкодження тестових культур Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923 і Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 15442 та не проявляє бактеріостатичних властивостей.

Using probiotic preparations and their complexes in poultry farming is an important step towards increasing poultry resistance and productivity, and thus producing environmentally friendly products. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of the complex action of symbiotic drugs and biocidal agents by investigating the clinical and biochemical parameters of blood and mineral metabolism in the body of broiler chickens under the conditions of their use according to the developed scheme. Hematologic, biochemical and immunologic blood parameters were explored by conventional methods, micro- and macroelements by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Using the proposed complex of symbiotic and biocidal agents in the technology of rearing broiler chickens activates the processes of erythropoiesis, haemoglobin production, restoration of protein metabolism and normalisation of mineral status within physiological limits, which indicates the strengthening of the body's defences, increased resistance to stress factors and adverse environmental conditions, and will further have a positive effect on the growth and productivity of the target bird. The pronounced effect of the complex combination of drugs on the body of broiler chickens of experimental B is a better assimilation of many inorganic elements (by increasing the content of Calcium, Phosphorus, Cuprum, Ferrum and Selenium, Magnesium, Manganum); and, accordingly, causes the sustainable development of metabolic processes due to the prevalence of anabolic over catabolic processes (by increasing the level of total proteins against the background of a physiological increase in the number of globulin fractions; including the induction of the endogenous detoxification system – by reducing the level of production of toxic metabolites of purine metabolism: uric acid and creatinine; reduction of Chromium content; normalisation of transamination processes and deceleration of alkaline phosphatase activity) and immunobiological reactions (by enhancing erythropoiesis and haemoglobin production; induction of lysozyme, bactericidal and phagocytic activity), respectively. The proposed system of rearing young poultry using a complex of symbiotic preparations in combination with biocidal agents promotes the synergistic effect of the latter and their effective action on the body of experimental broiler chickens, which increases nonspecific resistance and restores metabolic reactions

На етапі розробки рецептури дезВ статті представленіінфікуючих засобів необхідно враховувати склад діючих речовин, які можуть виявляти різні хімічні властивості. Ці показники можуть впливати на їх стабільність, миючі та різні дезінфікуючі вимоги до препаратів. В статті представлені результати вивчення фізико-хімічних властивостей дезінфікуючого засобу «Діолайд», розроблений співробітниками ДНДІЛДВСЕ, на основі з Компонентів 1 і 2, що представляють собою порошки білого кольору, рН 1 % розчину 4.0-6.0. Компоненти 1 і 2 дезінфікуючого засобу «Діолайд» дуже добре без осаду розчиняються у воді, робочий розчин засобу від прозорого до жовтуватого коліру, з помірним специфічним запахом хлору. Основні діючі речовини. Компонент 1: натрію хлоріт – 42 %, натрію хлорид – 47 %; Компонент 2: лимонна кислота – 95 %, адипінова кислота – 3 %. Масова частка діоксиду хлору – не менше 1 %. Для використання засобу «Діолайд» необхідно попередньо виготовити з Компонентів 1 і 2 стартові розчини, які готують використовуючи спеціальне обладнання для автоматичного дозування порошкових Компонентів 1 і 2, попереднього розведення та дозованого введення у воду розчину засобу з заданою концентрацією діоксиду хлору. Вміст діоксиду хлору у стартовому розчині становить - 0,0025 % (25 мг/л). Стартовий розчин засобу є рідиною від прозорого до трохи жовтуватого кольору з помірним запахом хлору, після розведення його у питні воді колір води залишається прозорим. Змішуванням Компонентів 1 і 2 з питною водою готують робочі розчини засобу для вологої та аерозольної дезінфекції об’єктів. Для використання аерозолю діоксиду хлору з метою знезараження повітря у невеликому об’ємі повітря використовується суміш Компонентів 1 і 2 у пропорції (1:1); 10 % суміші компонентів + 90 % наповнювача (натрію хлорид або цеоліт або бентоніт) відповідно. Засіб «Діолайд» за високих 0,3 % бактерицидних концентраціях володіє низькою корозійною активністю щодо оброблених тест-об’єктів, яка нижча в 2 рази за еталонний дезінфікуючий препарат 2,0 % NaOH та в 0,1 % концентрації нижча від 6 до 39 разів в залежності від матеріалу. Поверхневий натяг робочого розчину засобу «Діолайд» – 71,47 мН/м. В робочих концентраціях дезінфікуючий засіб «Діолайд» має pH 6.2.

In Ukraine, there is a prominent level of rabies circulation among domestic and wild carnivores. Consequently, the epizootic situation of rabies in Ukraine requires studying the spread of this infection using modern surveillance tools, which allow for territorial assessment and identification of risk zones during analysis. The purpose of this research was to describe the spatial characteristics of the rabies epizootic in the Kyiv Oblast during 2020-2022, focusing on both wild and domestic animals. Official reporting data were analysed to examine the total number of samples of pathological material (brain tissue) collected from various animal species with suspected rabies. Positive samples were georeferenced and visualized using software to form clusters of rabies cases based on years and types of animals, creating point layers and density mapping of cases. The analysis revealed that in the Kyiv Oblast, 1788 samples of pathological brain material from animals with suspected rabies were examined, of which 237 were positive. The largest number of samples belonged to wild animals (primarily foxes), acting as a reservoir of the infection. The proportion of wild animals accounted for 64.4% of the total examined, but the number of positive samples varied between 1.7% and 5.5%. Compared to domestic animals (cats and dogs), this figure reached up to 30.0% of the total number of samples examined. Other animal species accounted for 3.2% of positive cases among the total examined. Thus, the highest morbidity rate was observed in domestic animals, representing 72.1% of the total identified positive cases. The highest density of rabies cases in the Kyiv Oblast was observed in the southwest and centre. Persistent clusters of rabies cases were in the Bila Tserkva district and the western outskirts of Kyiv. In the western part of Kyiv, the cluster was formed by cases in wild animals, cats, and dogs. In the Bila Tserkva district, the cluster was formed by cases in wild animals, cats, dogs, and cattle. The highest density of rabies cases in wild animals was registered on the western outskirts of Kyiv

Salmonellosis is a zoonotic infection of humans and animals. In recent years, an increase in the number of resistant strains of Salmonella from animals and animal products have been recorded. We conducted microbiological testing and antibiotic resistance profile of 34 Salmonella strains isolated from foods of animal origin between 2018 to 2021 in Ukraine. Twenty isolates were successfully assigned to six different serovars [S. Enteritidis (n=13, S. Infantis (n=2), S. Schwarzengrund (n=1), S. Livingstone (n=2), S. Vuadens (n=1) and S. Hadar (n=1)], and 14 isolates remained untyped. Most of the isolated strains were recovered from poultry products. The strains were tested for six antibacterial groups: quinolones, aminoglycosides, β-lactams, cephalosporins, phenols, and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors by disc diffusion method. The highest level of resistance was recorded to 4th generation cephalosporins, e.g., cefepime (88.2%). The lowest level of resistance was to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone (5.9%). No resistance was found to imipenem and aminoglycoside antibiotics, particularly gentamicin and amikacin. The study results are of concern because antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes can cause human infections by penetration and transmission at any stage of the food production cycle. Further research is required to monitor the contamination of food products of animal origin with salmonellosis pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant strains

Наведені результати дослідження препаратів імуно-коригувальних та біоцидної дій, які можна ефективно використовувати в умовах птахівничого господарства. Встановлено, що у дослідної птиці за комбінованого застосування їм симбіотичного препарату «Біомагн» з

The production of ecologically clean poultry meat with high biological value to meet the needs of public demand is the primary goal of the poultry industry. Poultry meat is a good product for a healthy human diet due to its nutritional, dietary, and sensory properties, economic availability, and quick cooking. At the same time, using the latest, effective symbiotic and biocidal drugs to increase the productivity of poultry requires more in-depth research and evaluation of their impact on the final product. Based on the analysis of the results obtained by us, it has been proven that the use of the complex of symbiotic drugs “Biomagn” and “Biozapin” and in combination with the biocidal agents “Diolaid” and “Biolaid” to broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross throughout the entire breeding cycle allows obtaining high-quality and safe poultry products (chicken meat), with improved quality indicators and higher biological value. An increase in the protein content in the muscles of experimental groups of birds and a decrease in moisture in them was established, which is a consequence of an increase in dry matter content in this tissue. As a result, in the muscles of broiler chickens of the II research group, an increase in energy value was recorded to a greater extent and markedly, along with an increase in the content of essential bioelements (Calcium, Ferrum, Copper, Cobalt, and Selenium (Р ≤ 0.05)) and the content of vitamins A and B1, which indicates a higher biological (nutritional) value of poultry meat compared to such indicators in poultry I of the experimental and control groups. When determining the safety indicators of the chicken meat of the research groups, it was established that there were no residual amounts of veterinary drugs, pesticides, and aflatoxin B1, and the regulated indicators of toxic elements did not exceed the PAI specified in the regulatory documents. Therefore, the proposed complex of drugs in the scheme of the growing cycle of broiler chickens does not hurt the quality and safety of the obtained products (chicken meat). On the contrary, according to sensory and organoleptic studies, higher organoleptic qualities of the muscle samples of chickens of the I and II experimental groups were proven under the conditions of the use of a complex of symbiotic and biocidal drugs: the values of the highest overall score for tasting the meat broth are higher (Р ≤ 0.05) compared with the indicator in the control group.

The implementation of intensive technologies to produce livestock products requires the use of disinfectants at all stages. Analysis of the effectiveness of disinfectants begins with testing at the stage of creating or selecting substances, since different disinfectants have different activity against microorganisms, are toxic, immunosuppressive, and cause long-term effects on animals. This necessitates further development and research of preparations with optimal toxicity and virucidal action. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity and virucidal effect of the new Diolide disinfectant, specifically on such samples as Aujeszky's disease virus, swine enzootic encephalomyelitis virus (Teschen disease) and rabies virus. The study was conducted according to national and international guidelines for the characterisation of virucidal properties of new disinfectants. The toxicity of Diolide disinfectant was investigated under protein load conditions in SPEV and BHK-21/C13 cell cultures. The virucidal activity of the Diolide disinfectant was determined under protein load conditions on models of shell viruses of Aujeszky's disease (Arsky strain) and rabies virus (CVS-11 strain) and using shell-free virus of enzootic encephalomyelitis of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain). The toxicity of Diolide disinfectant was determined for 0.16% (400 mg/l), 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/l) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations of chlorine dioxide with an exposure time of 30 and 60 minutes. The virucidal effect of the preparation was determined for 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/L) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations relative to the working dilutions of viral suspensions: for the Aujeszky's disease virus – 5.3 CPE50/ml – for swine enzootic encephalomyelitis virus – 5.5 CPE50/ml, for rabies virus – 5.5 TCID50/ml. The results of the study showed that Diolide disinfectant is non-toxic to transplanted SPEV and BHK-21/C13 cell cultures in 0.1% (250 mg/l), 0.06% (150 mg/l), 0.02% (50 mg/l), 0.008% (20 mg/l) and 0.004% (10 mg/l) concentrations of chlorine dioxide. The preparation is 100% virucidal against enveloped viruses such as Aujeszky's disease virus (Arsky strain) and rabies virus (CVS-11 strain) in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.004% (10 mg/l) when exposed for 30–60 minutes under protein load conditions. It has 100% virucidal activity against the shell-free enzootic encephalomyelitis virus of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain) in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.004% (10 mg/l) at an exposure of 60 minutes and in concentrations from 0.1% (250 mg/l) to 0.008% (20 mg/l) at an exposure of 30 minutes under protein load conditions. The coefficient of reduction of infectious activity of the enzootic encephalomyelitis virus of swine (Perechinsky-642 strain) established in experiments after 30 minutes of exposure with the Diolide disinfectant at a concentration of 0.004% (10 mg/l) under protein load conditions exceeded 4 lg (4.47 lg CPE50/0.02 ml), which indicates a high virucidal activity of the Diolide disinfectant. Further research may be aimed at further increasing the virucidal activity of the disinfectant.

The work aimed to investigate the effect of the disinfectant ‘Diolaid’ based on sodium chlorite and sodium chloride on acute toxicity indicators, as well as on blood parameters of laboratory animals. The experiments were carried out on 6-month-old clinically healthy male rats (5 groups, 6 animals in each group, n = 30) and female rats (5 groups, 6 animals in each group, n = 30) weighing 200–220 g. The drug was administered to animals intragastrically (by probe) and aerosol treatment of cells with animals was carried out. Separately we studied the skin-irritating and sensitizing action of the disinfectant ‘Diolaid’ on the groups of clinically healthy guinea pigs and rats weighing 250–300 g by a daily application on their back and sides of different concentrations of the drug for 30 days for 30 min periods. In addition, we tested the effect of ‘Diolaid’ on nonspecific immune response indicators of these animal species (bactericidal activity of blood serum, level of circulating immune complexes, T and B cells, etc.). The work used modern humane methods of care and use of laboratory animals. It was found that after intragastric administration of ‘Diolaid’, the average lethal dose (LD50) for male rats was 182 mg/kg of body weight, and for female rats it was 170 mg/kg. It has been proven that the drug has a temporary irritating and sensitizing effect and does not adversely affect the parameters of hematopoiesis and non-specific immune response in the form of a 0.06% solution. The research results indicate the low toxicity of the ‘Diolaid’ drug for laboratory animals and the possibility of its use in low concentrations both for treating cages in the presence of animals and for treating the animals themselves. For disinfection of water during its storage in containers, we used the concentration of the ‘Diolaid’ drug (by chlorine dioxide) of 0.5–2 mg/l (0.0002–0.0008%), depending on the degree of purity of the water to be treated. Such concentrations ensure compliance of the chlorite residual concentrations with hygienic standards

Через поширення стійкості мікроорганізмів до багатьох дезінфектантів актуальним є пошукнових, ефективних і дешевих засобів. Метою роботи було визначення часової експозиції, ефективноїбактерицидної концентрації, відсутності бактеріостатичного ефекту нового дезінфікуючогозасобу «Діолайд» за дії на тест-культуру E. coli АТСС 25922; визначення фенольного коефіцієнту табілкового індексу. Визначення бактеріостатичних властивостей і оптимальної бактерицидноїконцентрації «Діолайд» проводили з робочими розчинами 0,04 (100 мг/дм3 за двоокисом хлору); 0,06(150 мг/дм3); 0,1 (250 мг/дм3) та 0,16 % (400 мг/дм3) після їх дії на E. coli АТСС 25922 за експозицій 30 і60 хв суспензійним методом з відмиванням бактерій від дезінфектанту, подальшими посівами та їх обліком.Фенольний коефіцієнт визначали методом серійних розведень «Діолайд» і фенолу від концентрації 1:50 до1:2834,7 за дії на E. coli АТСС 25922 протягом 10 і 30 хв. Білковий коефіцієнт визначали зE. coli АТСС 25922 за експозицій 10 і 30 хв, методом подвійних серійних розведень «Діолайд» окремо та упоєднанні з інактивованою сироваткою крові для імітації білкового забруднення. Методи: мікроскопічний,культуральний, біохімічний, статистичний. За аналізом результатів досліджень розведення«Діолайд» у концентраціях 0,06; 0,1 та 0,16 (%) за експозиції 30 і 60 хв проявляли ефективнубактерицидну дію за відсутності бактеріостатичного ефекту, що засвідчено повною відсутністюросту E. coli АТСС 25922 на середовищах протягом терміну інкубування 48 та 72 год, за їїінтенсивного росту у контролях. Встановлено, що фенольний коефіцієнт «Діолайд» відповідавпоказнику 12,7. Білковий індекс складав 2,76 одиниць, засвідчуючи, що за білкової забрудненостіповерхонь, призначених для дезінфекції «Діолайд», його бактерицидна ефективність знижувалася в2,76 рази. Отже, робочі розчини «Діолайд» за концентрації 0,06 % (150 мг/дм3 за двоокисом хлору) івищих за дії 30 хв і довше, забезпечували повне знешкодження E. coli АТСС 25922 без проявубактеріостатичного ефекту. Фенольний коефіцієнт «Діолайд» у 12,7 разів перевищував показникифенолу. Білковий індекс «Діолайд» підтверджував зниження бактерицидної ефективності забілкового забруднення у 2,76 разів.

The effectiveness of probiotic preparations is determined by the set of biological properties of the strains of cultures that are part of the probiotic, therefore, at the current stage of the development of biological antibacterial therapy, non-pathogenic probiotic spore-forming microorganisms, in particular bacteria of the genus Bacillus, are increasingly used to neutralize bacterial infections. The aim and tasks of the work were aimed at determining in vitro the level of antagonistic activity of isolates of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus coagulans isolated from poultry to standard test cultures of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 15442, Escherichia coli АТСС 25922, Salmonella typhimurium АТСС 29630 and Staphylococcus aureus ATSS 6538 and the selection of the most promising strains for the construction of the complex probiotic preparation "Biomagn". 27 isolates of the genus Bacillus were studied, isolated from poultry from poultry farms in Ukraine and identified to the species Bacillus subtilis — 13 strains, Bacillus licheniformis — 6 strains, Bacillus coagulans — 8 strains. Research on the determination of the level of antagonistic activity of research isolates of the genus Bacillus was carried out in vitro by two diffusion methods: the method of timed antagonism and the method of perpendicular strokes. Two promising strains of Bacillus subtilis (Bs–5 and Bs–9) were identified with very high and high levels of antagonistic activity against the indicator test cultures of microorganisms Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 29630 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; two promising strains of Bacillus licheniformis (Bfl-1, Bfl-4) with a high antagonistic potential for action on indicator test cultures of microorganisms and one promising Bacillus coagulans (strain Bcg-5) with a medium level of antagonistic properties. The selected promising strains will be used for the construction of the complex probiotic preparation «Biomagn».

Currently, in the field of poultry farming, the issue of using disinfectants for surface treatment of poultry houses, incubators and hatching eggs is particularly acute. Preparations must be both effective for the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms resistant to antibacterial substances, and safe for the environment, productive poultry and poultry goods. The purpose of this study was to test the Biosapin probiotic and the Biolide disinfectant in industrial conditions of a poultry house and incubator room. These preparations were used by aerosol spraying in the incubator and output cabinet, as well as in the poultry house in the presence of poultry. They were tested both individually and in combination, compared to the control group, where no preparations were used. The parameters of the microclimate of the premises were determined: temperature – with a weekly thermograph M-21, relative humidity – with an Augusta psychrometer and hygrograph M-16, speed of air movement – with an ASO-13 vane anemometer, illumination – with a luxmeter, concentration of carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide – using gas analyser UG-2, dust pollution – according to weight method, microbial pollution – according to sedimentation method. For the first time, a production test of the use of the Biosapin probiotic and the Biolide preparation in the complex was carried out. The obtained research results indicate an improvement in the microclimate of poultry houses. It was found that when spraying a disinfectant, microbial contamination in poultry premises decreases by 48.1% (P<0.001), and when spraying a probiotic – by 62.4% (P<0.001), while with a complex alternating action of both drugs – by 84.1% (P<0.01). At the same time, the bird's body is sanitised and enriched with probiotics. The positive effect of drugs on the microclimate in both the incubator room and the output hall sections has been experimentally confirmed. In particular, the concentration of ammonia decreases by 7.6% (P<0.01), 12.3, 27.8% (P<0.001) and hydrogen sulphide – by 16.6% (P<0.001), 18.5 and 34% (P<0.001). At the same time, the carbon dioxide content also decreases by 2.8, 3.3, and 5.0 times, respectively. Spraying the Biosapin probiotic and the Biolide disinfectant both separately and in combination stimulate embryogenesis, contribute to the production of more fertilised hatching eggs and the hatching of conditioned young chickens. Thus, the breeding rate of young animals increased by 5.5% (P<0.01), by 7.0% (P<0.01) and by 11.0% (P<0.01). The use of the preparations under study lies in the optimisation of the microclimate in poultry premises through such indicators as relative humidity, concentration of harmful gases (ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide), dust, and microbial air pollution

In the industrial production of broiler meat, the productivity and quality of meat are important. To increase their productivity and meat quality, they create optimal housing conditions. It depends on many factors, especially the technology of poultry farming. The main way to maintain the natural resistance of poultry in production conditions – the use of quality and safe disinfectants. Experimental laboratory investigations have found modes of disinfection of poultry air in the presence of broiler chickens, when using a disinfectant “Biolaid” based on hydrogen peroxide, lactic acid and lactic acid. The reduction of microbial indoor air pollution and the increase of poultry productivity have been set up, which has made it possible to get economic efficiency of production. According to the results of research, the optimal regime of aerosol disinfection of poultry houses with the use of 0.2 % disinfectant “Biolaid” – 50 ml/m3 of the room at an exposure of 60 minutes is recommended. Disinfection of the premises in the presence of poultry during the rearing of broilers in the period before planting and processing every 6 days in the period from 6 to 41 days of age reduces the microbial background of indoor air. It was found that before the experiment the total bacterial air pollution in the experimental group was 191.0 ± 12.7 thousand CFU/cm3. After disinfection with Biolaid disinfectant, the bacterial air pollution of the room was 320.0 ± 7.1 CFU/cm3, which is almost 100 % and confirms its effectiveness. It was found that the body weight of chickens at 6 weeks of age increased by 225 g compared to the control group. Aerosol treatment of air is non-toxic and has no negative influence on the physiological state, which is confirmed by researches of morphological indices of poultry blood.

In the industrial production of broiler meat, optimal housing conditions are created to increase productivity and meat quality. To maintain the natural resistance of poultry, the technology of poultry must use probiotics and quality, safe disinfectants. This article deals with the discussion due to the research results on the integrated use of two probiotics and two disinfectants in raising broiler chickens. The scheme, modes, and terms of using probiotics and disinfectants for broiler chickens during their cultivation are offered. Doses and concentrations of the studied preparations are also generalized. The influence of the investigated preparations on hematological parameters, growth, and safety of poultry was analyzed. The results of the research showed that feeding with probiotics and disinfectants did not significantly influence the daily feed consumption of chickens but caused a 6.2 % increase in average daily gain and a decrease of 0.1 feed conversion rate in chickens of the experimental group. Production investigation has determined the modes of disinfection of poultry houses in the presence of broiler chickens when using a disinfectant, “Biolide”, based on hydrogen peroxide, lactic acid, and lactic acid. The bactericidal effect of disinfection of walls, floors, and feeding troughs of the premises with aerosol use of disinfectant “Biolide” and spraying of probiotic powder “Biozapin” 2 days after treatment, at the rate of 10‒30 g/m2 1 time in 2 weeks. There was an increase in the productivity of the studied poultry for feeding with probiotic feed “Biomagn” at the rate of 0.5 kg per ton of feed according to the scheme: from one day of age – seven consecutive days and 22 days of age – seven days in a row with constant water treated with disinfectant preparation “Diolide” based on chlorine dioxide, which made it possible to get quality products and cost-effective production. According to the research results, it is set that the optimal mode of aerosol disinfection of poultry houses in the presence of broiler chickens using 0.2 % disinfectant “Biolide” is 50 ml/m3 of the room at an exposure of 60 minutes. The safe and optimal concentration of the disinfectant “Diolide” during water treatment in the water supply system at a dose of 1.0 mg/l of chlorine dioxide corresponds to 0.0004 % concentration. The bactericidal effect of disinfecting the room's surface in the presence of poultry during its rearing after disinfection with the disinfectant “Biolide” and probiotic “Biozapin” was almost 100 %, which confirms its effectiveness. Under the action of the investigated preparations, a stimulating influence on the gas transport function of the blood of broiler chickens was revealed, especially in the older age of their rearing. In particular, at the age of 34 days, the concentration of hemoglobin was higher by 10.7 % (P < 0.05), and the number of erythrocytes at the age of 34 and 41 days – by 41.7 (P < 0.01) and 24.1 % (P < 0.01), respectively. At the same time, likely changes in the number of leukocytes and the ratio of their species in the blood of chickens of the experimental group concerning the control were not detected. These data indicate that aerosol treatment of premises in the presence of chickens is non-toxic and has no negative influence on the physiological state, confirmed by investigations of morphological indicators of poultry blood.

Development and testing of modern effective and at the same time safe and environmentally friendly drugs for disinfection in livestock facilities and processing plants - is in the field of view of livestock producers. Resistance of microorganisms to bactericidal substances, polyresistance, the formation of biofilms in the water supply and watering of animals - these are the challenges facing modern science. The effectiveness of disinfectants depends on the complex of active substances, which by their properties show both negative and positive qualities. To improve their stability, bactericidal, detergent action, it is necessary to control them at the development stage. The drug "Biolaid" was developed by the staff of the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary Sanitary Examination (Kyiv, DNDILDVSE). To study the physicochemical properties of the drug used to determine its organoleptic properties, indicators of corrosion activity, the value of surface tension and acidity. The paper presents the results of studies of physicochemical properties of the disinfectant "Biolaid" based on lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid. In particular, the corrosion activity of the disinfectant "Biolaid" was determined according to current methods, the amount of corrosion losses, the amount of surface tension and acidity. It has been experimentally established that Biolaid at low bactericidal 2.0% concentrations has low corrosion activity relative to the treated test objects, and 2 times lower than the reference disinfectant 2.0% NaOH. In 0.1% concentration lower from 6 to 39 times depending on the material. The surface tension of the working solution of the drug "Biolaid" is 71.47 mN / m In working concentrations, the drug has a pH = 6.2.

The article presents the results of studies of caecum samples (cecal appendages) with contents from cattle, pigs, and poultry following the State Monitoring Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Medicine for 2021, isolated and identified isolates of zoonoses and commensal microorganisms, namely: Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Campylobacter spp. The disk diffusion method conducted a study on determining antimicrobial sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The results of studies on identifying acquired resistance mechanisms to antibacterial drugs are also presented. Interpretation of growth retardation zones was carried out following EUCAST requirements. As a result of the obtained data, 448 isolates were isolated and identified among 2120 samples submitted for research: E coli accounted for 37.7 %, Salmonella spp. – 4.24 %, Enterococcus faecium – 12.7 %, Enterococcus faecalis – 37.9 %, Campylobacter spp. – 7.4 % of all isolated isolates. When determining the sensitivity to antibacterial drugs, eight sensitive isolates were found. 237 isolates were monoresistant (sensitive to 1–2 ABP), and 203 were polyresistant (sensitive to 3 or more ABP). As a result of the research, production (ESBL) was detected and confirmed in ten Escherichia coli strains. Three vancomycin-resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis were identified. Study the prevalence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Campylobacter spp. circulating in Ukraine. will promote a standardized approach to data collection, analysis, and sharing on a global scale and will ensure the fulfillment of the National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs tasks. Ukraine has developed a National Action Plan to combat antimicrobial resistance. In the countries of the European Union, there is constant monitoring for Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Campylobacter spp. The prospect of further research is to continue monitoring antimicrobial resistance against zoonoses and commensal bacteria, namely: isolates of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Campylobacter spp., as they play an important epidemiological role among infectious diseases common to humans and animals, determining their sensitivity and identifying acquired mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial drugs.