目的:探讨单采富含血小板血浆治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的治疗效果.方法:选取我院2019年10月到2021年10月收治的100例膝关节骨性关节炎患者作为研究对象,将所有患者依照随机分为联合组与对照组,各50例.对照组患者采取常规股神经脉冲射频术治疗,联合组在对照组基础上增加单采富含血小板血浆治疗,对比两组患者的近远期膝关节疼痛程度,治疗前后白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达水平,膝关节功能以及不良反应情况.结果:治疗后1个月、治疗后6月、治疗后1年两组患者视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分逐渐降低,且联合组低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组患者治疗前IL-6、IL-1、TNF-α相关炎症因子水平对比无差异(P＞0.05),治疗后水平均降低,且联合组较对照组低(P＜0.05);治疗前两组患者膝关节主观(IKDC)评分、膝关节功能(Lysholm)评分对比无明显差异(P＞0.05),治疗后两组患者IKDC评分、Lysholm评分均明显降低,且联合组较对照组低(P＜0.05);两组患者不良反应对比无差异(P＞0.05).结论:膝关节骨性关节炎患者在常规治疗基础上增加单采富含血小板血浆治疗能够减轻患者近远期疼痛感,降低患者机体炎症反应,提升膝关节功能,且安全性较高,值得临床应用推广.

目的：调查分析7666名亲友互助献血者的认知态度及心理因素。方法对本中心参加互助献血的7666名亲友献血者进行调查问卷，调查内容包括献血者的性别、年龄、职业等一般资料，以及献血者对互助献血的认知态度及心理调查。结果7666名被调查者中，男性多于女性、青年人多于青壮年及中年人、军人多于其它职业者、初次献血者多于重复献血者（P＜0.01)；在献血知识认知中，了解和赞成互助献血的显著少于不了解和不赞成互助献血者（P＜0.01)、而本人信任和家人支持互助献血的却显著多于不信任和不支持（P＜0.01)；在献血心理调查中，献血动机“亲情友情”和“奉献爱心”显著多于其它选项（P＜0.01)、献血心理障碍“疼痛”与“恐惧感”显著多于其它选项（P＜0.01)、献血纪念品“公益物品”和“定制纪念品”显著多于其它选项、献血心理需求“献血或用血凭证”显著多于其它选项。结论开展亲友互助献血能有效缓解临床用血供需矛盾，更进一步加强无偿献血知识宣传；通过亲友互助献血，动员招募更多的献血员、扩大低危人群志愿无偿献血者队伍，形成无偿献血的长效机制。

目的：调查分析40名血液管理利益相关人员对河南“血祸”事件及血液管理中政府责任缺失的看法，提出我国血液管理中应加强政府责任体系建设。方法：将受访者按血液管理的责任和利益分成“责任组”(A 组)和“受损组”(B 组)，每组各20人，采用问答式或请教式方法进行专题访谈，访谈结果进行分类整理后转化为数据资源进行统计学处理。结果：（1）、在河南“血祸”事件中，A 组认为政府政治责任、法律责任及行政责任“严重缺失”者均显著多于“部分缺失”（P＜0.01）；B 组认为政府政治责任、法律责任、行政责任及道德责任“严重缺失”者均显著多于“部分缺失”（P＜0.01）。（2）、两组中认为“需要”建立和加强政府责任体系建设的人数显著多于“不需要”的人数（P＜0.01）；其中 A 组认为“不需要”加强政府法律责任的人数显著多于 B 组（P＜0.05）。结论：河南“血祸”事件特定的历史条件下政府责任“严重缺失”造成的恶果，对我国血液管理事业造成了较大的负面影响；政府应当加快血液管理体制改革，尽快建立健全我国血液管理中的政府责任体系。

This paper concerns the identification of an extract with the ability to maintain and enhance the survival and differentiation of cells which will be useful in cellular biology research.Four types of egg extracts were prepared.The spleen cells from male mice were permeabilized with the extracts and cultured respectively,and then transfused into female mice.The GFP-positive cells in the peripheral blood of female mice and Y chromosome in bone marrow cells were detected to compare the different abilities of spleen cells to survive and differentiate in vivo.Surviving GFP-positive spleen cells were detected in the female mice of chicken-egg-white and whole-egg extracts group.At 120 days after transplantation,the percentage of cells containing a Y chromosome in the bone marrow positively correlated with the percentage of GFP-positive cells in the peripheral blood.After permeabilization by chicken-egg-white or whole-egg extracts,spleen cells demonstrate significantly enhanced survivability.The results show the vital role of chicken-egg-white extracts in maintaining and enhancing the survival of spleen cells.Therefore,the chicken-egg-white extracts may be of use in future stem cells study.

【Objective】 To establish a isolation method of embryonic-like stem cells from adult bone marrow.【Methods】 The mononuclear cells were isolated from adult bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation,and were expanded in flask coated-gelatin by serum-free knockout-DMEM medium originally designed for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells.Morphological character of the resulting cells was observed and expression of their pluripotent markers was identified by immunofluorescent staining and RT-PCR analysis respectively.【Results】 The adherent growing cells,weakly expressing Oct-4,Nanog-3 and Sox-2,could be isolated from adult bone marrow.Compared to mesenchymal stem cells isolated by the traditional method,these cells appeared as smaller,morphologically slenderer and homogeneous,and after passage,they grew well-distributed in flask and were not more readily ageing.【Conclusion】 Embryonic-like stem cells expressing a part of pluripotent markers could be isolated from adult bone marrow by the method for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells.

人类获得性免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是艾滋病（AIDS）的病原体和主要病因。关于AIDS的传染源、传播途径和易感人群等流行病学特征已经十分明确。近20年来,我国对HIV的检测工作已经在不同地区、不同范围和不同人群中,以不同的方式进行着。许多情况下,相关检测仅仅局限于重点地

<正>输血治疗是医疗、急救工作中常用的治疗手段,目前,临床用血在很多城市已经是100%来自无偿献血,个别地方这一比例也是99%以上,从1998年《中华人民共和国献血法》实施到2005年,中国无偿献血从22%上升至95.6%,自愿无偿献血率从5.5%上升到84.8%;虽然采血量已极大提高,但仍会出现阶段性、季节性的用血短缺,导致血库存血量告急,出现所谓"血荒"。为此,血液中心在向医院供血

Objective To establish a simple method for isolation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell.Methods Five-cm long segments from fresh umbilical cord were directly minced into pasty fine pieces,and the pieces were cultured in tissue flask with DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10﹪ fetal bovine serum.The morphological characteristic of the cells was investigated by light microscope,and their expression of mesenchymal surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.The multidifferentiation potential was examined in vitro,too.Results The fibroblast-like cells could be isolated from the fresh umbilical cord by a nonenzymatic isolation procedure without removing of the vessels.These adherent passage 3 cells expressed mesenchymal markers including CD29,CD44,CD90 and CD105,and also could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes,osteoblasts and chondrocytes.Conclussion Mesenchymal stem cells,which biological characteristic was similar to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,could be isolated from fresh human umbilical cord by using a nonenzymatic isolation procedure without removing of the vessels.

背景:由于实行义务献血后血小板来源紧张,输注新鲜单采血小板有时难以保证。而冰冻单采血小板有较好的即刻止血效果,可用于各种低血小板患者的止血。目的:探讨冰冻单采血小板输注在外周血干细胞移植中的替代疗效。方法:44例血液病或淋巴瘤患者均接受外周血干细胞移植,血小板计数低于40×109L-1,随机分为新鲜血小板组、冰冻血小板组,22例/组。外周血干细胞移植后0~14d,新鲜血小板组患者直接输注经专用白细胞滤器过滤后的新鲜单采血小板;冰冻血小板组患者将同型冰冻单采血小板取出后,放入37℃水浴迅速融化,用白细胞滤器过滤后,于40min内输注。一般每3d输注1次,10U/次,共输入3~16次,输入次数根据患者出血情况酌情增减。结果与结论:与新鲜血小板组比较,冰冻血小板组输注后24h血小板及凝血四项指标无明显变化（P＞0.05）;输注后48h血小板计数显著降低（P＜0.01）;输注后72h出血时间、凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间及血小板计数均显著降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,凝血酶时间及纤维蛋白原无明显差异（P＞0.05）。建议在外周血干细胞移植中,应用冰冻单采血小板防止出血输注时间为2d输注1次。

Objective:ELISA methods were used to detect HCV core antigen in serum of HCV antibody positive sample.Analysis and value of the significance of detection of HCV core antigen in donors screening.Methods:HCV core antigen were detected by ELISA methods in 14 HCV antibody weakly positive,9 anti-HCV antibody strong positive and 18 negative serum.Results:10 HCV core antigen is positive in 14 HCV antibody weakly positive serum.Only 1 HCV core antigen is positive in 9 anti-HCV antibody strong positive sample.1 HCV core antigen is positive in 18 negative serum.Conclusion:It is necessary to combine the detections of HCV core antigen and HCV antibody.Only use of HCV core antigen detection will undetect anti-HCV antibody strong positive sample.

HLA-Ⅰ类分子在单个核细胞(PBMC)表面表达丰富,HLA-Ⅰ类分子除了参与全身免疫应答外,还有调节免疫和参与免疫细胞分化的作用.研究表明,PBMC的HLA-Ⅰ类分子在细胞免疫中发挥着极为重要的作用,其表达降低可能会减弱机体对肿瘤细胞的杀伤力,从而导致肿瘤细胞逃避机体免疫监视[1].

P＜0.01);联合输注组与单采血小板对照组比较,TT、PT、24 h止血率及平均止血时间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与冷沉淀对照组比较,TT、PT、APTT、PLT、24 h止血有效率及平均止血时间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);2个对照组比较Fbg及ALT差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:在外科手术患者输血治疗中,联合输注组比冰冻单采血小板组及冷沉淀单独输注组具有更为显著的止血效果.

异基因干细胞移植(SCT)受者感染巨细胞病毒(CMV)和CMV肺炎的发生率较高,是患者死亡的主要原因。抗病毒治疗能有效地控制早期CMV疾病的发生,但是毒性和副作用较大,大量应用还会发生细菌和真菌感染及晚期CMV疾病。而过继性免疫疗法通过给患者输注CMV特异T细胞来控制CMV感染,是一种全新的治疗方案,没有毒性和副作用。该文综述了控制SCT受者感染CMV的新方法。

临近春节,建工集团总公司物业分公司得知太原市血液中心开展了"献血.吧,为了节日中的患者"大型公益活动,立即组织号召机关及各实体广大职工参.加无偿献血,为春节太原市的临床储备血液奉献爱心.

Objective To develop a convenient method efficiently expands the frequency of specific CTLS.Methods We used different concentrations of CMV-speeific epitope peptides pp65 to stimulate PBMCs for expansion of CMV-specific CTLs.CMV-specifie CTLs were doubly labeled by tetramers-PE and CD_8-FITC for FACS analysis.Results The method expands CMV-speeific CTLs efficiently.CMV-specific CTLs were expanded from 1% to 20% of PBMCs quickly(namely 40% of CD_8~+ T cells).The method provided a large number of cells with tetramer staining of CD_8~+ T cells for FACS analysis from a single blood sampling.Conclusions Peptides stimulation methods are convenient,easy to operate and expanded CMV- specific CTLs efficiently.The increased frequencies of CMV-specific CTLs allowed the data of different individuals to be easily compared and sequentially evaluated.The methods lay the base for adoptive immunotherapy to prevent CMV disease.

目的研究冰冻单采血小板与冷沉淀联合输注在治疗消化道大出血患者中的疗效。方法选择失血量≥2000ml的消化道大出血患者,同时输入冰冻单采血小板及冷沉淀各10～30U,在输注前、输注后1h观察出、凝血指标:(1)凝血酶时间(TT);(2)凝血酶原时间(PT);(3)活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT);(4)纤维蛋白原(Fbg);(5)血小板计数PLT;(6)输入后24h内有效止血率及平均止血时间。结果患者于冰冻单采血小板及冷沉淀联合输注后1h较输注前的TT、PT及APTT显著缩短,Fbg及ALT显著增加(P<0.01)。联合输注后24h有效止血率为82.3%,平均止血时间(5.2±2.8)h。结论在消化道大出血患者治疗中,冰冻单采血小板及冷沉淀联合输注具有显著的止血效果。

BACKGROUND: There are differences in physical and biological activity between the antibody from mammals and egg yolk antibody (IgY) from chicken. IgY is acid- and heat-resistant, and can prevent and cure the infectious diseases in animals and human being, which is also benefit to develop routine diagnostic immunoassays. Conventional ELISA assay for IgY takes much more time than dot-immunobinding assay.OBJECTIVE: To detect the IgY stability byusing dot-immunobinding assay.DESIGN: Open trail.SETTING: Department of Transfusion, Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERTALS: The experiment was completed in the Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January to June 2006. Two White Leghorn hens (30 weeks old) were selected. HLA-A*0201 α chain served as the antigen. The total protein concentration of the purified antigen was 0.04 g/L with the molecular mass of 32 000(self-prepared); nitrocellulose filter (NC, import and divided); nonfat dry milk (Anyi Corp. No. 20051220); DAB (Boshide Corp.);caprylic acid (made by Shanghai Xinghuo Chemical Factory); ammonium sulfate (Shantou Guanghua Chemical product).METHODS: ①HLA-A*0201 α chain with the total protein concentration of 0.04 g/L was purified with egg yolk antibody,and identified by SDS-PAGE. ②1 μL antigen was spotted into the center of NC membrane and dried in the incubator at 37 ℃. Then the NC membrane was blocked in 1 mL PBST and put in the incubator at 37℃ with shaking in 90 r per minute for 15 minutes. Then the liquid was exchanged with 1 mL PBST and added the primary antibody at a final concentration of 10 mg/L. After 30 minutes shaking in the incubator at 37 ℃, the NC membrane was washed in PBST for three times. The second antibody, mouse anti-chicken IgY conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was added and after 30 minutes incubation, the NC membrane was washed three times in PBST. Binding was revealed by incubation with a DAB reagent. A positive reaction was represented by adeep brown spot,Irdlcating that IgY had better activity; if the spot became lighter IgY lost part activity, and when the spot disappeared, the IgY lost a the activty.According to intensity (gray degree)of the dot compared tothe standard, the remained percent of activity of the IgY was calculated. ③IgY was adjusted to three different protein concentrations with PBS: 1, 0.1, 0.01 g/L and stayed at room temperature for four months. 10 μg lgY was taken out from each concentration sample every month to detect the activity by dot-immunobinding assay. ④IgY was put into seven EP tubes with 100 μL per tube and numbered 1-7. Number 1 to 3 was adjusted pH to 5, 3 and 2, respectively with 1 mol/L HCI; Number 4 to 6 was to 9, 11 and 12, respectively with 1 mol/L NaOH. The pH of number 7 was neutral without adding acid or base. The samples were stayed in incubator at 37 ℃ for 3 hours. 10 μg IgY from each tube was taken every hour to detect the stability at different pH by dot-immunobinding assay. ⑤IgY was added to six EP tubes (10 μL per tube) and numbered 1-6. Number 1-6 was put into waterbath at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 ℃ for 15 minutes. After cooled in refrigerator at 4 ℃, 10 mg samples from each tube and standard sample (untreated sample) taken to check the thermal stability by dot-immunobinding assay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①SDS-PAGE of IgY. ②IgY stability at room temperature. ③IgY stability at different pH. ④ Detection of IgY thermal stability.RESULTS: ①Purified IgY after SDS-PAGE had two major binds, the molecular mass of the heavy chain was 66.000,and the light chain was 25 000. ②1, 0.1, 0.01 g/L IgY still had partial activity after staying at room temperature for four months. ③When pH ranged from 5 to 9, IgY still had partial activity after staying in 37 ℃ for 3 hours. If pH was lower than 5 or higher than 9, it lost the whole activity in above condition. ④Purified IgY was added to six EP tubes, the number 1-4 still had partial activity, but number 5 and 6 showed some white precipitate, which was caused by protein denaturation at higher temperature.CONCLUSION: IgY stability is higher than others. The dot-immunobinding assay described a rapid and simple method for the demonstration and characterization of functional activity of egg yolk antibody. With only small volume antigen and antibody, and specific dot, the dot-immunobinding assay method could process many samples at the same time.

目的探讨利用自体血回收机在骨科手术患者术中回输自体血的临床疗效,以期能减少异体血的用量。方法骨科择期手术患者,术中使用自体血回收机回收洗涤红细胞适时回输,平均回收自体血800~1000ml。术中均未用异体血。结果患者手术顺利,但术后少数患者发生低凝状态,输入异体血。结论术中自体血回输能减少异体血输入量,但须适当补充新鲜血浆和凝血因子。

治疗性单采可有效去除体内多余的血液成分(如红细胞、白细胞、血小板等)或有害物质(如置换血浆去除其中的药物、外来毒素、自身抗体、免疫复合物及炎性介质等),以达到缓解症状、控制病情的目的.本文介绍用CS-3000Plus血细胞分离机去除血小板1例.

输血传播疾病一直为人们所重视,提高血液质量,杜绝经血液传播疾病的重要措施一是无偿献血,二是对血液进行初复检.为了解驻滇部队人群中血源性传染疾病的感染和分布特点,以及无偿献血者的健康状况,更好地开展军队无偿献血工作,确保血液质量;本中心对驻滇部队2008～2010年度11588名无偿献血者献血前五项血清病原学及酶学指标进行调查分析,现报告如下: