There is an urgent need for scalable mental health interventions, particularly for workers in under-resourced settings who experience high stress and limited access to mental health resources. One promising approach is empowering workers’ emotion regulation skills. This study evaluates a brief, cost-effective, and scalable intervention that teaches reappraisal—an emotion regulation strategy that alters how individuals interpret challenging situations. Despite its potential, the long-term effectiveness of reappraisal in workplace contexts remains uncertain. We tested this intervention among early education workers in a non-profit organization serving low-income families—one of the most underpaid and stressful professions in the U.S. Study 1 (n = 1,967), a pre-registered field survey, found positive correlations between reappraisal use, emotional well-being, and job performance. Study 2, a pre-registered longitudinal field experiment (n = 4,054), found lasting improvements in some emotional well-being and workplace outcomes from the reappraisal intervention (vs. active control) six months later, including reduced stress, a greater sense of control over stressors, more frequent action-taking to solve problems, increased self-reported job performance, and stronger intentions to stay in the current organization. Furthermore, reappraisal engagement during the intervention significantly mediated these effects. These studies advance understanding of emotion regulation’s effectiveness, durability, and mechanisms in real-world settings, providing a scalable solution to improve well-being in high-stress professions. This research also provides a template for tailoring emotion regulation interventions to novel contexts and extending their benefits to diverse populations.

AimsTo investigate the simultaneous effects of ethical sensitivity and career calling on intensive care nurses’ decision-making ability.MethodsA total 361 intensive care nurses in Hubei Province were selected as survey subjects. The survey employed a general information questionnaire, a nurse career calling scale, a Chinese version of the nursing ethics decision-making ability questionnaire, and an ethics sensitivity questionnaire. A structural equation model was constructed using the AMOS software.ResultsThe ethical decision-making ability of intensive care nurses earned a score of (267.62 ± 28.15). Ethical sensitivity (r = 0.584, p < 0.001) and career calling (r = 0.566, p < 0.001) positively correlated with ethical decision-making ability in nursing. Career calling partially mediates between ethical sensitivity and nursing ethical decision-making ability, with a mediation effect of 0.246.ConclusionIntensive care nurses exhibited moderate ethical decision-making ability and require further improvement. Career calling partly mediates between moral sensitivity and nursing ethical decision-making ability. Enhancing ethical sensitivity and career calling can help improve ethical decision-making ability among intensive care nurses.

There is an urgent need for scalable mental health interventions, particularly for workers in under-resourced settings who experience high stress and limited access to mental health resources. One promising approach is enhancing workers’ emotion regulation skills. Although previous literature suggests promise, the long-term effectiveness of this approach is unknown. The present study evaluated a scalable intervention that taught reappraisal—an emotion regulation strategy that alters how individuals interpret challenging situations. We tested this intervention nationwide among low- and middle-income workers (e.g., drivers, teachers, food service workers) in early education, one of the most stressful and under-resourced sectors in the United States. Study 1 (n = 1,967), a pre-registered field survey, found positive correlations among reappraisal use, emotional well-being, and job performance. Study 2, a pre-registered longitudinal field experiment (n = 4,054), found lasting improvements in some emotional well-being and workplace outcomes (e.g., job performance, quit intentions, and impatient decision-making) from the reappraisal intervention (vs. active control) six months later. These studies provide the first evidence of reappraisal’s durable effects over time in the workplace, establishing it as a scalable and enduring strategy for improving worker well-being and performance across diverse occupational settings.

According to the justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge, people can truly know something only if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is JTB). This account was challenged by Gettier, who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called "Gettier-type cases," wherein protagonists are justified in believing something to be true, but their belief was correct only because of luck. Laypeople may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. Although some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions, Turri et al. found no evidence that participants attributed knowledge in a counterfeit-object Gettier-type case differently than in a matched case of JTB. In a large-scale, cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri and colleagues' Experiment 1 (N = 4,724) using a within-participants design and three vignettes across 19 geopolitical regions, we did find evidence for Gettier intuitions; participants were 1.86 times more likely to attribute knowledge to protagonists in standard cases of JTB than to protagonists in Gettier-type cases. These results suggest that Gettier intuitions may be detectable across different scenarios and cultural contexts. However, the size of the Gettier intuition effect did vary by vignette, and the Turri et al. vignette produced the smallest effect, which was similar in size to that observed in the original study. Differences across vignettes suggest that epistemic intuitions may also depend on contextual factors unrelated to the criteria of knowledge, such as the characteristics of the protagonist being evaluated.

Meta-analyses have concluded that positive emotions do not reduce appetitive risk behaviors (risky behaviors that fulfill appetitive or craving states, such as smoking and excessive alcohol use). We propose that this conclusion is premature. Drawing on the Appraisal Tendency Framework and related theories of emotion and decision-making, we hypothesized that gratitude (a positive emotion) can decrease cigarette smoking, a leading cause of premature death globally. A series of multimethod studies provided evidence supporting our hypothesis (collective N = 34,222). Using nationally representative US samples and an international sample drawn from 87 countries, Studies 1 and 2 revealed that gratitude was inversely associated with likelihood of smoking, even after accounting for numerous covariates. Other positive emotions (e.g., compassion) lacked such consistent associations, as expected. Study 3, and its replication, provided further support for emotion specificity: Experimental induction of gratitude, unlike compassion or sadness, reduced cigarette craving compared to a neutral state. Study 4, and its replication, showed that inducing gratitude causally increased smoking cessation behavior, as evidenced by enrollment in a web-based cessation intervention. Self-reported gratitude mediated the effects in both experimental studies. Finally, Study 5 found that current antismoking messaging campaigns by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention primarily evoked sadness and compassion, but seldom gratitude. Together, our studies advance understanding of positive emotion effects on appetitive risk behaviors; they also offer practical implications for the design of public health campaigns.

Though past research suggests that individuals grapple with negative emotions when dealing with their own and others’ bad (dishonest) behaviors, this symposium explores a different proposition, one where actors feel good for bad deeds in ways that explain why actors and their dishonest collaborators might find extensive support in organizational context. Across a series of studies, the papers in our symposium show that individuals feel pride and gratitude for dishonesty, explaining their motivation to engage in and support dishonesty. Additionally, we find that they are able to reconcile such feelings if they embrace the paradox of feeling bad and good at the same time. Together this research explores the emotional antecedents, consequences, and moderators of positive reactions to dishonesty, providing a more nuanced view as to why dishonesty persists in many organizational contexts. Proud to be Guilty - Emotional Implications of Egoistic vs. Altruistic Dishonesty Author: Shaked Shuster; Ben Gurion U. of the Negev Author: Tal Eyal; Ben Gurion U. of the Negev Author: Shahar Ayal; Reichman U. (IDC) Author: Simone Moran; Ben Gurion U. of the Negev I am Dishonest and I Know it! Paradox Mindset and Self-Concept Author: Eriselda Danaj; IESE Business School Partners in Crime: Gratitude Increases Corrupt Collaboration Author: Ke Wang; Harvard Kennedy School Author: Molly Moore; Harvard Kennedy School Author: Jennifer Lerner; Harvard Kennedy School Being Good and Doing Bad: How Occupational Stereotypes Influence Gratitude for Prosocial Dishonesty Author: S Wiley Wakeman; Stockholm School of Economics Author: Megan Chan; Stockholm School of Economics Author: Nora Hansson Bittar; Stockholm School of Economics Author: Ning Xu; Stockholm School of Economics

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data.

Employees are increasingly exhorted to "pursue their passion" at work. Inherent in this call is the belief that passion will produce higher performance because it promotes intrapersonal processes that propel employees forward. Here, we suggest that the pervasiveness of this "passion narrative," coupled with the relative observability of passion, may lead others to treat passionate employees in more favorable ways that subsequently produce better workplace outcomes, a self-fulfilling prophecy we term the Passionate Pygmalion Effect. We find evidence for this effect across two experiments (Study 1 and pre-registered Study 3) and one field survey with pairs of subordinates and supervisors from a diverse set of organizations (Study 2). In line with the Passionate Pygmalion Effect, our studies show that more passionate employees (1) received more positive feedback for their success, (2) were offered more training and promotion opportunities, (3) elicited more favorable emotional reactions, and (4) prompted more favorable attributions for varied performance outcomes. Such favorable treatment persisted despite describing passionate employees' job performance identically or controlling for job performance statistically. Notably, more passionate employees even elicited more favorable emotional reactions and attributions when their job performance decreased. We subsequently discuss how our interpersonal perspective on the passion narrative implicates challenges for the advancement of employees with fewer opportunities to pursue their passion (e.g., given socioeconomic constraints or exploitative work demands), or who are less likely to be perceived as passionate by others (e.g., given cross-cultural differences).

The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., “If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others”) or potential gains (e.g., “If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others”)? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world. The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 12 May 2020. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4878591.v1 This Registered Report presents evidence from 87 countries and regions showing that brief emotion-regulation interventions consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Do negative feelings in general trigger addictive behavior, or do specific emotions play a stronger role? Testing these alternative accounts of emotion and decision making, we drew on the Appraisal Tendency Framework to predict that sadness, specifically, rather than negative mood, generally, would 1) increase craving, impatience, and actual addictive substance use and 2) do so through mechanisms selectively heightened by sadness. Using a nationally representative, longitudinal survey, study 1 (n = 10,685) revealed that sadness, but not other negative emotions (i.e., fear, anger, shame), reliably predicted current smoking as well as relapsing 20 years later. Study 2 (n = 425) used an experimental design, and found further support for emotion specificity: Sadness, but not disgust, increased self-reported craving relative to a neutral state. Studies 3 and 4 (n = 918) introduced choice behavior as outcome variables, revealing that sadness causally increased impatience for cigarette puffs. Moreover, study 4 revealed that the effect of sadness on impatience was more fully explained by concomitant appraisals of self-focus, which are specific to sadness, than by concomitant appraisals of negative valence, which are general to all negative emotions. Importantly, study 4 also examined the topography of actual smoking behavior, finding that experimentally induced sadness (as compared to neutral emotion) causally increased the volume and duration of cigarette puffs inhaled. Together, the present studies provide support for a more nuanced model regarding the effects of emotion on tobacco use, in particular, as well as on addictive behavior, in general.

Item: Author ListThis item contains the corrected author list for the Registered Report Protocol A global test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic, provided to Nature Human Behaviour on July 6, 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy which modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries/regions (N = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vs. both control conditions) had consistent effects in reducing negative emotions and increasing positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world to build resilience during the pandemic and beyond.

在开放运动的潮流下,不同领域纷纷发布公众可以免费获取、 自由使用的开放数据,其中不乏反映人类方方面面的大数据,为心理学研究提供崭新的资料.为了促进研究者对这些数据库的利用,本文对大量现有的具有心理学研究潜力的公开数据库进行了搜集和整理,介绍了通过数据搜索引擎、 数据综合门户、 专业领域数据集和已有的调查项目四种获取开放数据的途径,列举包括基因、 神经、 自然环境、 社会环境等九大专业领域中利用开放数据展开心理学研究的范例.开放数据具有样本巨大多样,分析灵活,执行高效经济等优点,同时也面临数据重用的可靠性、 心理、 规范与技术方面的挑战.

In the information age, people are spending increasing time and energy to search and involve in health topics. And processes in social network offer new ways of investigating public opinion on this topic. However, when we are talking about medical service, what do we concern? The deterioration of doctor-patient relationship? The medical insurance policy? Or the medical achievements we have got? Understanding hot topics of medical issues and its dynamic changes help us to guide a healthy doctor-patient relationship and maintain a stable online public opinion environment. In order to figure out the question, we collected the Weibo tweets about medical information and then extracted the subjects by LDA model. Due to the feature sparsity and semantic fuzziness of short texts, this paper extended the features by using Word2vec. Finally, we summarized 14 hot subjects of medical service and analyzed the dynamic change of subjects’ frequency and emotion. We find that most of the subjects are related to the medical system reform and the doctor-patient relationship. What’s more, public’s attitude to medical issues is gradually becoming growing positive.

Attachment security refers to individuals' ability of viewing attachment figures as a secure base for exploration and a safe haven in times of need. Two studies examined whether dispositional and temporarily primed attachment security could improve response inhibition following ego-depletion among Chinese college students. We manipulated ego-depletion with a stressful task — preparing a three-minute speech within 5min and assessed response inhibition with Stroop color naming tasks. Study 1 randomly assigned participants to the ego-depletion and control groups and assessed dispositional attachment anxiety and avoidance. Results showed that participants in the ego-depletion group reacted slower to incongruent trials than their counterparts. Whereas attachment avoidance predicted faster reactions to incongruent trials in the ego-depletion group, such relationship was absent in the control group. Study 2 randomly asked participants to visualize a responsive and available other (attachment security priming condition) or an acquaintance (acquaintance priming condition). Results indicated that following ego-depletion, attachment avoidance again predicted faster reactions to incongruent trials, and participants from the attachment security priming condition also reacted faster to incongruent trials than those from the acquaintance priming condition. Findings offer additional support for social defense theory and the broaden-and-build cycle of attachment security.

Studies on the relationship between social class (subjective perception or a combination of income, education and occupational prestige) and prosocial behavior yield mixed evidence. Moreover, little is known about the situation in China. In the present research, we examined social class with large and representative samples. Data from China Family Panel Studies (N = 33,600) revealed that higher class individuals donated more money, volunteered more time, were more likely to ask for help, be asked for help, and offer help upon request across measured events. These findings challenge the expectations from mainstream psychological literature and the implications are discussed.