压力过大会导致皮质醇水平升高,导致烦躁、焦虑、紧张,影响身体和情绪健康,压力大还会影响大脑.美国《赫芬顿邮报》刊出科学研究证实了压力影响大脑的方式. 1.引发大脑化学变化,导致烦躁. 法国研究人员发现一种酶,一旦受到压力诱发,就会攻击大脑海马区负责调解神经突触的分子,使其神经细胞间信息交流变少,进而导致烦躁情绪,失去社交能力,记忆力和理解力下降.

介绍了相干扫描显微镜的测量原理.提出了使用经校准的碳化硅超光滑圆盘作为标准平面,校准相干扫描显微镜的测量噪声和残余平面度特性.其中测量噪声通过先重复测量标准平面同一位置的表面形貌图,再使用相减法处理得到;残余平面度通过先多次重复测量标准平面不同位置的表面形貌图,再使用阈值法处理得到.最后基于此方法对中国计量科学研究院的相干扫描显微镜进行了校准实验,结果表明:使用1次相减法即可校准测量噪声,残余平面度可通过在标准平面上不同位置处做10次以上重复测量并求其平均形貌来校准.

Objective:To establish a method to detect the fingerprint of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.by HPLC/ UV/MS.Methods:Separation was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-C_(18)column(250mm×4.6mm,5μm).Gra- dient elute was performed by the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.05 %formic acid with the flow rate of 1.0 mL· min~(-1),the detection wavelength of 265 nm,and the column temperature of 25℃.Results:Perfect finger- print was obtained which could be used for the evaluation of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.Nine common peaks in the fingerprints were confirmed by HPLC/MS.Conclusion:The method can be applied to the quality control and studies on chemical constituents of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.crude drug.

目的研究脉络宁氯化钠注射液的安全性.方法采用最大给药量试验及长期毒性试验.结果脉络宁注射液毒性极低.小鼠静脉注射1次最大给药量为420 g·kg-1(生药),相当于成人一日注射剂量的251.5倍,未见动物死亡,亦未见明显器官毒性;Beagle犬连续63天静脉注射脉络宁氯化钠注射液66.8 g·kg-1、33.3 g·kg-1和16.7 g·kg-1(生药)及停药14天后观察,未发生与药物有关的任何异常改变.结论脉络宁氯化钠注射液具有良好的安全性.

目的观察脉络宁口服液与注射液对缺血性中风的疗效.方法采用随机分组对照法,将病例分为治疗组104例、对照组63例.治疗组应用脉络宁口服液,每支10 ml,每次2支,一日3次,口服;对照组应用脉络宁注射液,每支10 ml加入10%葡萄糖注射液或0.9%氯化钠注射液250 ml中静脉滴注,每日1次.两周为1个疗程,连用2个疗程,两组疗程相同.按中风病计分方法进行疗效评定.结果治疗组总有效率为77.88%,对照组总有效率为79.37%;两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).两药均未发现明显副作用.结论脉络宁口服液对缺血性中风的疗效与注射液相当,且安全方便.

脉络宁注射液(MLN)是由玄参、石斛、银花、牛膝等制备而成的中药复方注射剂,具有补益肝肾、清热养阴、活血化瘀等功效,主要用于治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎、静脉血栓形成、动脉硬化性闭塞症和脑血栓等疾病.近年来其临床应用范围趋于扩大,有用于治疗心绞痛的报道,也有学者对其进行了抗心肌缺血的基础研究,我们就此两方面的研究进展作一归纳综述.

目的观察脉络宁口服液对缺血性中风急性期的临床疗效及安全性.方法将符合纳入标准的观察病例采用随机分组平行对照法,分为治疗组50例和对照组50例,分别用脉络宁口服液和注射液治疗,2周为1疗程,均用2个疗程;观察两组治疗前后主要症状体征、头颅CT、甲襞微循环、血液流变学、血小板聚集试验及各安全性指标等变化情况.结果治疗组有效率(痊愈率+显效率)为70%,对照组有效率为76%;两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).两组治疗后与治疗前相比,主要症状体征及头颅CT显著改善,甲襞微循环总积分值显著下降,全血比粘度、全血还原比粘度、血沉均显著降低,血小板聚集明显抑制;两组间比较则无显著性差异(P>0.05).试验期间未发现明显不良反应.结论脉络宁口服液对缺血性中风急性期具有较好的疗效和安全性,其作用机制可能与改善血液流变学、降低血小板聚集率及改善微循环等有关.

目的:研究并比较密花石斛、马鞭石斛药材不同部位的指纹图谱.方法:采用HPLC/UV与HPLC/MS技术对二药的不同部位(茎、根、苗)进行色谱指纹图谱研究.结果:建立了密花石斛茎、根、苗与马鞭石斛茎、苗的HPLC/UV指纹图谱,并用HPLC/MS对其色谱峰进行了初步归属.结论:所建立的方法可用于密花石斛、马鞭石斛茎、根、苗指纹图谱的测定,并为其全面质量控制及化学成分研究提供参考.

Objective:To optimize the macroreticular absorption resins for purifying the flavonoids of Lonicera japonica Thunb.and Chrysanthemum morifolium Tzvel.,so as to provide an experimental basis for extraction and purification of the flavonoids.Methods:Comparing the absorption,desorption and absorption kinetics among fourteen kinds of macroreticular absorption resins.Results: Macroreticular absorption resin HPD100 was suited for purification of two flowers' flavonoids.Through its absorption and elution,the absorption capacity was 69.30 mg/g and elution ratio could reach 87.1%.Conclusion:Macroreticular absorption resin HPD100 possessed high absorption capacity,and was apt to absorb and elute,so its capability was obviously higher than any other resins.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction and purification conditions for total flavonoids in Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Chrysanthemum morifolium Tzvel.METHODS:Comparision of several extraction processes, the L9 (3(4)) orthogonal design and macroreticular absorption resin D101 purification technique were performed.RESULTS:The optimum extraction conditions were 8 volume of 55% ethanol, 1 h refluence at 100 degrees C , water bath for 2 times. The extracted fluid was absorbed with the resin D101. The elutions were water, 30% enthanol, 70% enthanol. The obtained elution of 70% enthanol was evaporated and the content of total flavonoids was 62. 7%.CONCLUSION:The method is simple, approved and fit for industrial production.

Objective To study changes of aspartate(ASP) and glutamaic acid(GLU) in cerebral cortex of neonatal Sprague-Dawely(SD) rats after hypoxia-ischemia and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) immunoactive expression in cerebral neurons were examined to explore mailuoning′s protective effect on hypoxia-ischemia brain damage(HIBD).Methods The HIBD model was established as follows.The right common carotids of the neonatal SD rats 7 days were temporaily ligatured for 1 hour.Then the neonatal SD rats were exposed to 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen gas mixture for 2 hours. The ASP and GLU were determined in right cerebral cortex using chromatograph,compared with sham-operated group and mailuoning administrated. Ultrastructure changes of neurons in the right cerebral cortex of neonatal SD rats were observed after sham-operated,hypoxia-ischemia and mailuoning administrated using electronmicroscope.Results The level of excitatory amino acid was promoted in right cerebral cortex after hypoxia-ischemia.The volume of excitatory amino acid was reduced sharply mailuoning administrated. Ultrastructure of neurons in the cerebral cortex showed serious injure after hypoxia-ischemia and ultrastructure of neurons in the cerebral cortex appeared slight damage.Conclusion Mailuoning may possess protective effects to the neurons after hypoxia-ischemia through supplying blood to neurons reducing release of excitatory amino acid.

Objective： To detect the changes in the expressions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase （nNOS） and c-Fos immunoactivity, as well as the effect of Mailuoning after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. Methods： The right common carotids of the neonatal SD rats （7 days）were ligated for one hour, and then they were exposed to 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen gas mixture for two hours establishing the model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Immunoactivity of c-Fos and nNOS were measured by immunohistochemistry after hypoxic ischemia and the treatment of mailuoning. Results： The expression of c-Fos reached to peak after six-hour hypoxia and ischemia. As corniced with the hypoxic-ischemic group, the numbers of c-Fos positive neurons increased and the expressive time c-Fos prolonged in mailuoning treated group. As compared with the false-operation group, the levels of nNOS expression in the hypoxic-ischemic group increased, while the levels of nNOS expression decreased in the mailuoning treated group. Conclusions： Mailuoning inhibits the expression of nNOS and increases the expression of c-Fos. It may have the protective effect on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Key words: Mailuoning; brain damage; c-Fos protein; neuronal nitric oxide synthase; rat

目的观察脉络宁口服液对深静脉血栓形成的疗效和安全性.方法将符合纳入标准的患者随机分为2组:治疗组100例,对照组30例,分别用脉络宁口服液和注射液治疗,2周为1疗程,共用2个疗程;观察治疗前后主要症状体征、静脉血流图、甲襞微循环、血凝与抗凝及安全性指标等变化情况.显效病例,停药1个月后随访观察远期疗效.结果经过2个疗程的治疗,总有效率:治疗组为97%,对照组为100%,两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).临床显效病例,停药1个月后随访,治疗组保持疗效者占87.5%,复发者占13%;对照组保持疗效者占80%,复发者占20%;两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).两组静脉血流图、甲襞微循环及血凝与抗凝情况治疗后均优于治疗前,组间比较则均无显著性差异(P>0.05).治疗过程中两组均未发现明显不良反应.结论脉络宁口服液对深静脉血栓形成具有较好的疗效和较高的安全性,其作用机制可能与改善血液高凝状态及溶栓作用等有关.

AIM: To establish a method to determine the fingerprints of Mailuoning Injection (Herba Dendrobii,Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae,Radix Scrophulariae,Flos Louicerae) by HPLC and to study the difference between the fingerprints of the injection and the medicinal materials contained in it. METHODS : Separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C_ 18 ( 150mm × 4.6mm , 5 μm ) analytical column with mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid-water and 0.1% formic acid-methanol with gradient elute at the flow rate of 1mL·min -1 . The UV detection wavelength was set at 300nm and the reference at 390nm. RESULTS : 10 common peaks on the HPLC fingerprints of Mailuoning Injection were indicated,among which 7 peaks were elucidated by HPLC/MS. CONCLUSION : Perfect fingerprints were obtained which can be used for the quality control of Mailuoning Injection. There were good correlation between the fingerprints of the injection and the medicinal materials contained in it.

目的观察脉络宁口服液与注射液对血栓闭塞性脉管炎的临床疗效和安全性.方法将符合纳入实验标准的患者随机配对分为2组;试验组100例;对照组30例.分别用脉络宁口服液和注射液治疗,2周为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程;观察两组治疗前后主要症状体征、血液流变学、甲襞微循环及安全性指标等变化情况.结果总有效率:试验组为91%,对照组为96.7%;两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05).两组治疗后与治疗前相比:甲襞微循环有明显改善(P<0.01),两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论脉络宁口服液与注射液对血栓闭塞性脉管炎均具有较好的疗效和较高的安全性,其作用机制可能与改善血液流变学及微循环有关.

目的研究脉络宁口服液的安全性.方法采用半数致死量试验、最大给药量试验及长期毒性试验.结果脉络宁口服液毒性极低,未能测出小鼠LD50;小鼠一日最大给药量为167 g/kg,相当于成人临床剂量的360倍,未见明显器官毒性;大鼠连续100天灌胃给予脉络宁口服液20.9、41.8、83.5g/kg,鼠体未发生与药物有关的病理改变.结论脉络宁口服液具有良好的安全性.

Aim: To observe the pharmacological actions of Mailuoning sodium chloride injection against cerebral ischemia. Method: The electric coagulation method was used to establish rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Rat middle cerebral artery postischemic reperfusion model was made by means of cotton thread insertion method. The mouse acute incomplete cerebral ischemia was observed by ligation method. In situ experiment of dogs was employed to assess the influences of agents on cerebral circulation. Result: The agent had the protective effects against experimental cerebral ischemia in the above-mentioned three animal models. The content of malondialdehyde decreased and the activity of superoxide dismutase increased by the agent.The agent could also decrease the cerebral vessel resistance and increase the cerebral blood flow in anesthetic dogs. Conclusion: The agent could improve the cerebral ischemia in experimental animals, which might be associated with its cerebral vessal relaxation and anti-lipid peroxidation mediated by free radicals.

目的研究脉络宁口服液对血小板聚集及血栓形成的影响.方法采用了血小板聚集试验、抗血栓形成试验、溶栓试验.结果脉络宁口服液能明显地抑制家兔血小板聚集;明显地抑制家兔体内及体外血栓形成;对已形成的血栓有溶解作用.结论脉络宁口服液能够抑制血小板聚集,抗血栓形成,同时具有一定的溶栓作用.