Modern wearable and portable systems require light sources compatible with high-resolution micro-display architectures and biomedical sensing. However, current organic light emitting diode (OLED) platforms struggle to satisfy combined demands of deep-red emission, high efficiency, long operational lifetime, and seamless photodetector integration. Here we report BThiq-CN, a new asymmetric Ir(III) phosphor featuring a benzo[b]thiophene-isoquinoline ligand that delivers spectrally pure deep-red emission (644/700 nm, CIE of (0.710, 0.290)) meeting BT.2020 requirements. OLEDs incorporating BThiq-CN achieve external quantum efficiency of 16.89% and operational lifetime LT90 of 1,961 h at 100 cd m- 2. Leveraging this robustness and color purity, we fabricate a 64 & times; 64 pixels deep-red micro-OLED display on a commercial thin film transisitor (TFT) backplane, demonstrating pixel-uniform, high-contrast emission suitable for next-generation near-eye systems. Beyond displays, BThiq-CN enables compact biomedical sensing by integrating the OLED with an organic photodetector to form a transmission-mode photoplethysmography (PPG) module, yielding pulse waveforms surpassing those from commercial red emitters. Enhanced systolic/diastolic peak clarity and signal fidelity highlight the unique biomedical advantages of deep-red OLED excitation. This work establishes BThiq-CN as a benchmark deep-red emitter with dual-function capability for both high-resolution micro-display technology and biomedical sensing, advancing compact, reliable and multifunctional health-monitoring systems.

Pt(II) complexes featuring dicarbene pincer chelates have emerged as promising phosphors for the fabrication of blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs); however, challenges persist in achieving both high-performance and concentration-independent color chromaticity. Herein, we present a series of Pt(II) complexes featuring a carbene pincer backbone and N-mesityl appendages, together with a complementary chloride and pyrazolate entity. These blue Pt(II) phosphors, Pt n , with n = 1-5, exhibit a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and accelerated radiative transition rate constant (k r), while the corresponding chloride-to-pyrazolate substitution afforded the "AgCl"-coordinated products Pt3Ag and Pt4Ag in the presence of Ag2O. The representative phosphorescent OLED (PhOLED) based on Pt(II) phosphor Pt2 achieved a max. external quantum efficiency (EQE max) of 20.1% and a luminance exceeding 100,000 cd m-2, with no excimer emission even at high doping concentrations. Furthermore, upon the addition of the terminal emitter BCzBN, the resulting hyper-OLED device maintained high EQE values of 21.6% and 18.3% at 1000 and 10,000 cd m-2, respectively. These results validated the pivotal role of N-aryl substitution in carbene pincer chelates for developing Pt(II) emitters aimed at efficient blue PhOLED devices.

Next-generation optical wireless communication requires photodetectors that offer both high spectral selectivity and strong security against interception. However, conventional broadband devices remain vulnerable to spectral crosstalk and eavesdropping. Here we show a digitally encoded dual-narrowband organic photodetector that intrinsically integrates optical filtering with algorithm-assisted encryption to enable secure, high-fidelity optical wireless communication. Operating without an external power supply, the self-powered device employs a Fabry-Pérot cavity with a carefully designed organic spacer Liq to achieve selective detection at wavelengths of 485 nm and 910 nm, along with an ultrafast response time of 440 ns. By combining chaotic encryption with hardware-level wavelength selectivity, our hardware-software co-design system achieves an ultra-low bit-error rate of 9.17 × 10-5 at 1.25 Mbps while demonstrating strong resilience to eavesdropping and external interference. Furthermore, precise cavity engineering allows the dual-narrowband response to be extended into the short-wave infrared region (>1230 nm), offering a scalable route toward multi-wavelength secure transmission, high-resolution spectroscopy, and intelligent photonic networks.

Achieving color-stable white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with simplified architectures remains challenging because field-dependent charge transport can drive recombination-zone migration and spectral drift. Here, we integrate two complementary exciplex co-hosts, mCBP:B4PymPm and CBP:B4PymPm, within a single, contiguous emissive region comprising two functionally assigned exciplex sublayers. The mCBP-based exciplex provides a higher triplet-energy buffer, a longer delayed-fluorescence lifetime, and more balanced bipolar transport for the blue-emission channel, whereas the CBP-based exciplex offers higher photoluminescence quantum yield and stronger charge-transfer character for the warm-emission channel. The HOMO-level cascade between the two exciplex sublayers introduces an internal potential step that helps localize exciton formation near the anode side. Thickness-dependent device analysis and ultrathin probe-layer measurements further show that the active exciton-formation region is confined within about 8 nm. As a result, the optimized WOLED achieves a peak external quantum efficiency of 29.7% and a power efficiency of 103.9 lm W−1 without external outcoupling, while maintaining small chromaticity variation from 1 to 1000 cd m−2 with Δx = 0.002 and Δy = 0.003. These results establish complementary dual-exciplex pairing as an effective route to color-stable WOLEDs by combining host-function separation with recombination-zone confinement.

In this study, we report a spatial planarization strategy for asymmetric Ir(III) complexes that simultaneously improves exciton stability and optical outcoupling in blue OLEDs. By incorporating bulky tert-butylcarbazole (tBuCz) units into tridentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, the molecular geometry is sterically confined into a more coplanar and anisotropic configuration. This structural planarization increases exciton binding energy and shortens the radiative lifetime, thereby stabilizing bound excitons against thermally activated dissociation while accelerating radiative exciton consumption. At the same time, the enhanced geometric anisotropy induces a highly horizontal emitting dipole orientation (EDO) of approximately 95%, enabling efficient intrinsic light extraction. Beyond its role as an emitter, the planarized Ir(III) complex further has a cooperative alignment effect in hyper-OLED architectures. This structural and electrostatic templating effect transfers molecular alignment to the terminal multiple-resonance TADF emitter v-DABNA, leading to secondary dipole ordering with an EDO of 98%. As a result, the optimized blue hyper-OLED achieves ultra-narrow emission at 470 nm with a full width at half maximum of 22 nm, a maximum external quantum efficiency of 36.9%, and an operational lifetime (LT50, time to 50% initial luminance) of 446 h at 1000 cd m-2. These results establish spatial planarization as a powerful molecular design principle for coupling exciton stabilization, dipole orientation control, and interfacial alignment transfer, providing a general strategy for efficient and stable blue OLEDs.

The non-directed intermolecular C-H bond silylation has manifested itself as a versatile tool for the synthesis of organosilicon compounds; however, the corresponding asymmetric transformations remain elusive, primarily due to the facile self-reactions of silane reactants. Herein, we disclose an efficient protocol that involves steric-hindrance-enabled, Rh-catalyzed enantioselective intermolecular C-H bond silylation of simple arenes to deliver a broad array of Si-stereogenic monohydrosilanes in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee), featuring readily available starting materials, simple synthetic operations and mild reaction conditions.

A Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of silacyclobutanes is disclosed, expanding the concise stereocenter construction from carbon to silicon for the first time. The presence of ortho-substituents around silicon enables the synthesis of diverse tertiary silanes in good yields and with high enantioselectivities (up to 95 : 5 er).

Hydrazide-based native chemical ligation has emerged as one of the most widely used methods in modern chemical protein synthesis, but its traditional two-step, dual-environment workflow complicates operations and limits small-scale reactions. Here we present a ferricyanide-mediated system that enables chemoselective activation of peptide hydrazides and their ligation with N-terminal cysteine peptides in a single neutral buffer. This approach obviates the need for pH adjustment and intermediate isolation, thereby reducing labour, minimizing operational errors and expanding compatibility across a broader range of synthetic scales. We validate this method via the streamlined synthesis of biochemically or pharmaceutically relevant targets, including the antimicrobial protein Dptb, D-enantiomer of human interleukin-8 and glycosylated histone H4. In addition, this versatile chemistry can be repurposed for rapid one-step peptide cyclization and efficient C-terminal functionalization of recombinant proteins. Collectively, ferricyanide-mediated hydrazide ligation establishes a robust and generalizable platform for chemical protein synthesis. Conventional hydrazide-based native chemical ligation is often limited by the need for multiple steps and pH adjustments. Now a ferricyanide-mediated oxidation system is reported that enables ligation of peptide hydrazides with N-terminal cysteine peptides in a single neutral buffer, streamlining the synthesis of diverse proteins and cyclic peptides.

Abstract Deep-blue phosphorescent OLEDs (Ph-OLEDs) with high efficiency and stability are essential for advanced display technologies, ensuring sharp image quality and enhanced visibility. In this work, we report a novel class of asymmetric [3 + 2 + 1] coordinated iridium(III) complexes incorporate strongly electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl (–CF3) and fluorine (–F) modified N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. This strategic molecular design enables efficient deep-blue emission. Among these complexes, the CF3-substituted Ir(III) complex (CF 3 -2) exhibits pronounced charge-transfer (CT) characteristics and a significantly enhanced radiative decay rate ( $${k}_{r}$$ k r = 1.28 ×10⁶ s-1), enabling rapid and efficient phosphorescence at 443 nm. Devices employing CF 3 -2 demonstrated exceptional maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE max) of up to 29.0%, with emission centered at 443 nm and Commission Internationale de L’Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.147, 0.089), fulfilling National Television System Committee (NTSC) blue standards for high-quality displays. Meanwhile, devices employing CF 3 -1 reached an EQE max of 24.6% with a maximum luminance of 6542 cd m−2 and CIEx,y of (0.152,0.126), demonstrating high color purity and efficiency. A control device fabricated without sensitization using CF 3 -1 further confirms its intrinsic material stability by exhibiting a remarkable operational lifetime of LT50 of 3875 h at L = 100 cd m−2 with CIEx,y of (0.132,0.131). Furthermore, hyper-OLEDs were developed using these complexes as phosphorescent sensitizers. The hyper-OLED incorporating CF 3 -1 with the TADF emitter v-DABNA achieved an impressive device lifetime of LT50 = 2127 h at 100 cd m−2. In parallel, the CF 3 -2-sensitized hyper-OLED using DOB2-DABNA-A achieved a deep-blue emission with CIE coordinates of (0.146, 0.067) and a lifetime of LT50 = 373 h under the same luminance, representing a significant advancement in the practical stability of deep-blue OLEDs. Notably, we demonstrate the successful integration of these deep-blue Ph-OLEDs with OLED-on-TFT microdisplay technology, achieving a pixel resolution of 94 PPI (270 × 270 μm) with programmable emission patterns. This innovative molecular coordination design strategy provides valuable insights into ligand engineering and exciton management, opening new pathways toward high-efficiency, long-lifetime deep-blue OLEDs for next-generation microdisplay and display technologies.

Capping layers (CPLs) are commonly employed in top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) due to their ability to optimize color purity, enhance external light out-coupling efficiency, and improve device stability. However, the mismatch in refractive index between CPLs and thin film encapsulation (TFE) often induces light trapping. This study introduces a novel approach by combining a low refractive index material, lithium fluoride (LiF), with the traditional TFE material, silicon nitride (SiNx), to form a combined CPL (LiF/SiNx), resulting in improved light outcoupling and light reflection properties. The significant refractive index contrast between LiF and SiNx can facilitate enhanced light extraction by redirecting internally reflected light through evanescent waves. Moreover, the LiF/SiNx CPLs function as a secondary resonant cavity, leading to reduced emission spectral bandwidth and enhanced light extraction compared to the control TEOLEDs that only incorporate the primary cavity of organic active layers. As a result, incorporating the LiF/SiNx CPLs significantly increases current efficiency from 125.0 cd A-1 to 163.6 cd A-1 for green devices, from 71.2 cd A-1 to 110.1 cd A-1 for red devices, and from 43.1 cd A-1 to 53.1 cd A-1 for blue devices, with the corresponding full width at half maximum decreased from 20 nm to 10 nm, 26 nm to 14 nm, and 21 nm to 12 nm, respectively, demonstrating the compatibility of the CPLs with different color devices. Notably, an LT95 lifetime of 51 300 hours for green devices was achieved when tested at 1000 cd m-2. Utilizing narrow-band light emission without spectral overlap of each color enables the generation of purer and more vivid colors for display.

In this study, three phenylimidazole ( pmi )‐based asymmetric iridium(III) complexes are successfully developed as promising emitters for non‐doped blue organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The Ir‐3 exhibited blue emission with peak located at 470 nm and a high photoluminescent quantum yield (Φ PL ) of 65% in non‐doped film. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis revealeds that Ir‐3 has increased steric hindrance from bulky tert‐butyl groups that effectively suppressed π – π stacking and minimized exciton quenching. The non‐doped device based on Ir‐3 exhibited superior electroluminescent properties, including a low turn‐on voltage of 2.80 V, and achieved maximum efficiencies of external quantum efficiency ( EQE max ) of 18.01%, a high power efficiency (PE) of 31.52 lm W −1 , which outperform previously reported blue non‐doped phosphorescent OLEDs. Moreover, Ir‐3‐based non‐doped devices closely matched the performance of doped counterparts, demonstrating high color stability and strong emission in the blue region of emission peak of 471 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.164, 0.208). This work highlights the potential of robust Ir‐3 as a promising emitter for high efficiency, stable blue OLEDs, offering a simplified, host‐free device architecture that maintains performance and provides a practical path forward for next‐generation display and lighting applications.

Benzene derivatives have been widely adopted as additives for passivating perovskite defects in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) due to their diverse functional group selection and the π-conjugated of benzene ring. However, the significant space steric hindrance of benzene rings renders benzene derivatives more susceptible to detachment from perovskites, resulting in limited passivation effects and durability. In this work, a pyridine additive, 3-pyridinylmethylammonium cation (3-pyA+), featuring dual-site binding functional groups of pyridine and ammonium, is introduced to fabricate efficient PeLEDs. The synergistic perovskite passivation effect of the pyridine and ammonium groups in 3-pyA+ facilitates the formation of uniform films with enhanced crystallinity and passivation durability. Compared to the benzene additive phenylmethanamine cation (PMA+)-incorporated perovskite films, the 3-pyA+-incorporated perovskite films exhibit an increased photoluminescence quantum yield, rising from 73 to 92%. As a result, the 3-pyA+-treated green PeLED exhibits a peak external quantum efficiency of 30.8% compared to 22.5% for the PMA+-treated PeLEDs, making it one of the best-performing green PeLEDs reported to date. Additionally, the corresponding device stability (T50, tested at 100 cd m-2 of the initial brightness) increases from 50 to 200 min, highlighting the superior passivation capabilities of pyridine additives for perovskites.

Traditional computational drug discovery approaches struggle to accurately evaluate the biological authenticity of protein-ligand binding conformations due to inherent limitations in empirical scoring functions and force field approximations. This study proposes MFPLI – a deep learning framework integrating multimodal physicochemical features to systematically assess the biological authenticity alignment between molecular docking poses and true co-crystal structures. By establishing a continuous surface characterization system for protein-ligand interfaces, we concurrently incorporate geometric curvature features (radius, shape index) and chemical interaction fields (electrostatic potential, hydrogen-bond networks, hydrophobicity gradients). A contrastive learning architecture based on Siamese equivariant graph neural networks was developed to enable discriminative analysis between co-crystal conformations and parameter-perturbed pseudo-conformations generated through inverse docking. The five-channel fusion model demonstrates robust performance on the time-split PoseBuster validation set (AUC=0.91), with predicted Euclidean distance deviation (ΔE) effectively distinguishing native co-crystal conformations from aberrant docking poses in 80% of samples. Notably, 71% of ΔE-negative samples concentrate within the [-0.3, 0] interval, reflecting physical consistency between model predictions and conformational transition processes. This framework establishes a novel paradigm for biological authenticity assessment in virtual screening for computer-aided drug discovery through synergistic modeling of surface topology and interaction chemistry. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Beijing Natural Science Foundation, Z230020 National Natural Science Foundation of China, T2488301

Considerable progress has been achieved in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) in terms of efficiency and stability. However, transparent perovskite light-emitting diodes (TPeLEDs), which are crucial for high-end display applications, suffer from compromised device performance due to various photon loss channels, particularly the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at the organic functional layer/transparent metal electrode interface. Herein, high-refractive-index capping layers (CPLs) and self-assembled silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are adopted as light outcoupling layers to enhance the light outcoupling efficiency of TPeLEDs. By optimizing the CPL thickness, the transmittance and SPP loss of TPeLEDs can be effectively modulated. Moreover, by carefully modulating the vacuum deposition conditions, the size and distribution of AgNPs can be optimized, resulting in further reduction in SPP loss in the devices. As a result, high-performance green TPeLEDs with an average transmittance of over 66% in the visible light range are achieved, alongside a record total external quantum efficiency (EQEtotal) of 18.6%, with bottom and top EQE values of 11.1% and 7.5%, respectively. Moreover, the incorporation of AgNPs promotes a nearly 7-fold increase in device lifetime, which further illustrates the advantages of utilizing AgNPs for fabricating high-performance TPeLEDs.

The integration of high-quality organic solid-state lighting with high-speed optical wireless communication offers an innovative pathway toward next-generation optoelectronic devices. Here, we report a structurally simplified white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) that achieves seamless integration of natural-light-quality illumination and visible light communication (VLC) using a unique dual-exciplex architecture. Central to this design is a versatile organic layer of PPCzTrz that serves as both an electron donor and acceptor at two distinct interfaces, establishing complementary charge-transport pathways and a voltage-controlled dynamic shift of the exciton recombination zone. This spatial redistribution balances blue and green exciplex emissions, while Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sequentially funnels energy to strategically positioned green, orange, and red phosphorescent ultrathin layers. The resulting multi-path exciton management strategy ensures spectrally stable white light from 400 to 700 nm, yielding a record-high color rendering index (CRI = 97), a peak external quantum efficiency of 27.0%, and a power efficiency of 85.8 lm W-1. The same device enables high-speed VLC with a data rate of 14.0 Mbps. This work provides a scalable and energy-efficient platform that simultaneously addresses the needs of high-quality lighting and optical data transmission, paving the way for smart lighting systems and fully organic integrated optoelectronics.

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes ( OLEDs) have become a critical technology in the display and lighting industries, renowned for their outstanding performance features, including high contrast ratios, broad viewing angles, and rapid response times. This study demonstrates the application of a newly synthesized asymmetric iridium complex, Ir-1, as a deep- blue dopant material in OLED devices and its practical micro-display application. The iridium complex exhibits deep- blue emission at 479 nm and excellent thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 375 degrees C. Blue OLED devices based on Ir- 1 achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 15.6%, a maximum luminance of 2092 cd/ m(2), and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.16, 0.14). We successfully fabricated blue micro - OLEDs on a TFT substrate using a vacuum evaporation method, demonstrating programmable patterns at a resolution of 400 PPI. These results have successfully demonstrated the potential of iridium complexes in enhancing the performance and stability of blue micro- OLEDs, thereby advancing the field of high- resolution display technologies.

Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have significantly progressed in recent years. However, the random isotropic emission of photons within the device influenced by the interfacial effect of multilayer structures results in mediocre photon out-coupling efficiency, posing a challenge for the continued development of QLEDs. This study introduces asymmetrically strained green CdZnSeS/ZnSeS/ZnS/CdZnS quantum dots (QDs) with a substantial size of 16.0 nm, synthesized through secondary nucleation and thick multi-shells growth strategy, aimed at enhancing the directivity of photon emission in QLEDs. Specifically, the irregular growth of the continuous gradient ZnSeS/ZnS/CdZnS shells imposes asymmetric strains on the CdZnSeS cores, promoting the formation of well-aligned QD films with a horizontal dipole orientation factor exceeding 80 %. This orientation is advantageous for enhancing the photon out-coupling efficiency of the devices. As a result, the QD films exhibit stable emission spectra with an impressive near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 98.7 %. Based on these findings, highly efficient green QLEDs were fabricated, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 28.8 %, a luminance over 230,000 cd m- 2, and exceptional operational stability (T95, tested at 1000 cd m- 2) of 6350 hours. These results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in realizing highperformance QLEDs.

The E2-Ub-nucleosome conjugation chemistry has emerged as a practical tool for investigating the mechanisms of E3-catalyzed ubiquitination of nucleosomal histones H2A and H2B, but its application to histones H3 and H4 remains to be explored. Here, we describe the development of the first synthetic H3-based E2-Ub-nucleosome conjugate to trap the intermediate during E3 PHF7-catalyzed H3K14 ubiquitination. Through chemical protein synthesis, we generated H3K14-Ubch5c-Ub and assembled the H3K14-Ubch5c-Ub-nucleosome conjugate. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that the H3K14-Ubch5c-Ub-nucleosome forms a stable complex with PHF7, resulting in an 8-fold increase in binding affinity compared with that of an unmodified nucleosome. Chemical crosslinking mass spectrometry (CX-MS) analysis of the PHF7-Ubch5c-Ub-nucleosome complex revealed a working model in which the RING domain of PHF7 interacts with the nucleosomal acidic patch, thereby anchoring the E2 catalytic center to the H3K14 modification site. Overall, this work broadens the scope of the E2-Ub-nucleosome strategy and establishes a methodological foundation for the mechanistic study of E3-mediated H3 ubiquitination.

Achieving voltage‐invariant color stability in white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) is a critical challenge hindering their practical application, especially in simplified, non‐doped architectures. In this work, a highly‐efficient, spectrally stable non‐doped WOLED is presented by incorporating an ultrathin interfacial barrier layer of CzSi at the emission interface. This functional layer effectively confines excitons and stabilizes the recombination zone by suppressing electron leakage and excessive hole injection, thereby achieving excellent charge balance. The optimized bi‐color device achieves a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 18.8%, a current efficiency of 49.5 cd A −1 , and a maximum luminance exceeding 13,090 cd m − 2 . Remarkably, the device exhibits minimal chromaticity drift (ΔCIExy = 0.003, 0.009) across a wide voltage range (4–10 V). Exciton recombination profiling and single‐carrier transport measurements confirm that the CzSi layer functions as a bidirectional energy barrier, finely regulating charge recombination and spatial exciton distribution. Furthermore, this approach is extended to tri‐color WOLEDs, which exhibit a high color rendering index (CRI) of 89 while maintaining excellent voltage‐invariant emission. The dopant‐free, minimalistic design offers a practical and scalable pathway for the development of high‐performance WOLEDs with outstanding color stability and fidelity, paving the way for advanced display and solid‐state lighting applications.