Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China, Department of Central Laboratory and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China, Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5593-5.

Nano-selenium was synthesized using lemon juice as a reducing agent. The experiments showed that pH value affected greatly the shape and the size of the prepared nano-selenium. At pH 9, lemon juice could reduce 50 mmol/L of selenite ions to nano-selenium with particle size between 50 and 90 nm, which was spherical and well dispersed. Lemon juice acted as both a reducing agent and a stabilizer in the synthesis of nano-selenium, in which the chemical interaction between biomolecules and the nano-selenium surface was the basis for the stable existence of nano-selenium. The selenite concentration influenced the formation of nano-selenium, and a low selenite concentration was beneficial to obtain small particles. The achieved nano-selenium exhibited a strong antioxidant activity positively related to concentration. The comparative study showed that the antioxidation of nano-selenium is weaker than that of vitamin C but higher than that of lemon juice.

In order to investigate the correlation between free radical scavenging effect and the related molecular structures of active substances in the Haihong fruit (Malus Micromalus Makino) wine, sixteen kinds of components were isolated from the fruit wine. The structures of thirteen components were identified by UV, FTIR, LC-MS, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR. The scavenging abilities of the fruit wine on center dot DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1 -picrylhydrazyl radical), (OH)-O-center dot, O-center dot(2)- and the protective effects on red blood cell, SOD (Superoxide Dismutase), CAT(Catalase) and GPX(glutathione peroxidases) in aging mice tissues were studied. Results showed that the structures of o-diphenol and mdiphenol play an important role in scavenging free radicals. A larger conjugation system in functional molecule is conducive to getting a higher scavenging rate of free radicals. When the chemical shift of phenol hydrogen is lower, the anti-oxygenation ability is stronger. The fruit wine exhibits a strong scavenging ability on free radicals. It can inhibit the damage of red blood cells caused by (OH)-O-center dot radical.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered class of noncoding RNAs that plays key regulatory role in pathological development, including the regulation of several solid tumors. However, the effects of circRNA expression on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. With the use of high-throughput RNA sequencing data on eight paired oral cancer and adjacent healthy tissues, we observed that circRNA derived from the gene encoding pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein (circPHIP) was highly expressed in OSCC. Additionally, circPHIP was highly expressed in other OSCC-related cell lines and was associated with tumor metastasis, TNM stage, and human papilloma virus infection status. The inhibition of circPHIP expression reduced OSCC cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. We found that circPHIP could adsorb microRNA (miR)-142-5p and upregulate the expression of PHIP and alpha-actinin 4 (ACTN4), both of which are potential oncogenes closely related to OSCC prognosis. The inhibition of miR-142-5p or overexpressing PHIP or ACTN4 reversed the circPHIP depletion-induced attenuation of OSCC malignancy. In conclusion, circPHIP is overexpressed in OSCC and enhances its malignancy via an miR-142-5p/PHIP-ACTN4/AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 signaling axis. Therefore, circPHIP may represent a novel target for treating OSCC.

Sixteen kinds of non-volatile fat-soluble substances were isolated from the Haihong fruit wine by organic solvent extraction and chromatographic techniques. The structures of 13 compounds were identified by means of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The relationship between the pharmacological effects of Haihong fruit wine and its active substances such as hyperoside, rutin, catechin, epicatechin, and β-sitosterol was investigated. Results showed that the contents of hyperin, rutin, catechin, epicatechin, naringin dihydrochalcone, β-sterol and other polyphenol flavonoids in the Haihong fruit wine could significantly improve the lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic mice, increase high-density lipoprotein, reduce blood viscosity, and significantly prevent platelet aggregation and fat accumulation in the liver of mice. The strong reduction and chelation of phenolic hydroxyl groups in hyperin, catechin and rutin are the essential reasons for the pharmacological effects of the fruit wine. These substances can exert their pharmacological effects by eliminating excess free radicals of ·DPPH, ·OH, and ·O2− and by complexing metal ion catalysts which are conducive to the formation of free radicals.

Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region and accounts for approximately 3%-5% of all head and neck carcinomas. SACC always occurs in the palatal salivary gland and parotid gland. The tumor has the characteristics of strong invasion, perineural invasion, high hematogenous metastasis, and low lymph node metastasis rate. The biological characteristics of SACC determine the specificity of clinical treatment. Thus far, few clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of systemic therapy owing to the rarity of SACC with lung metastasis. Moreover, long-term results are poor, and no consensus on standard treatment has been reached yet. This systematic review aims to provide a retrospective analysis of treatment options and prognosis for SACC with lung metastasis and evidence for future clinical treatment.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an oral and maxillofacial malignancy that exhibits high incidence worldwide. In diverse human cancers, the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) highly up‐regulated in liver cancer (HULC) is aberrantly expressed, but how HULC affects OSCC development and progression has remained mostly unknown. We report that HULC was abnormally up‐regulated in oral cancer tissues and OSCC cell lines, and that suppression of HULC expression in OSCC cells not only inhibited the proliferation, drug tolerance, migration and invasion of the cancer cells, but also increased their apoptosis rate. Notably, in a mouse xenograft model, HULC depletion reduced tumorigenicity and inhibited the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition process. Collectively, our findings reveal a crucial role of the lncRNA HULC in regulating oral cancer carcinogenesis and tumour progression, and thus suggest that HULC could serve as a novel therapeutic target for OSCC.

小鼠细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,Cyp) 4A14是细胞色素P450酶超家族4A亚家族成员,与人类的细胞色素P450ω-羟化酶Cyp4A11高度同源,参与花生四烯酸的ω-羟化,产生代谢产物主要为20-羟基二十碳四烯酸(20-hydroxyeicos atetraeonic acids,20-HETE).Cyp4A14在小鼠体内分布广泛,尤其在肾脏皮质表达丰富.肾脏除具有排出废物、维持机体电解质平衡和内分泌等功能外,还参与机体对血压的调节.Cyp4A14高水平的表达在小鼠肾脏近端小管,其功能异常与高血压的发生存在密切联系.目前研究发现小鼠Cyp4A14基因缺失与人Cyp4A11的基因突变均可引起原发性高血压.本文就Cyp4A14在肾脏中的分布、功能以及其与高血压发生的关系作一综述.

环状RNA是一种自然发生的具有广泛性和多样性的内源性非编码RNA.它们通常是稳定、丰富及保守的RNA分子,并表现出组织的特异性表达.环状RNA通常起到microRNA海绵、RNA结合蛋白隔离剂和转录调节因子的作用.大量证据表明环状RNA可参与关键基因的转录和翻译等过程从而调控肿瘤的发生、进展和预后.而在唾液、外泌体和临床标准血样中检测出特异性环状RNA,将使它们成为肿瘤的潜在诊断或预测生物标志物.

目的:研究hsa c irc 0 006677在口腔鳞状细胞癌（oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC）中的表达及其对OSCC迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:使用定量PCR（qRT-PCR）在40对配对的OSCC组织样品中验证hsa c irc 0 006677的相对表达量;通过受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）,分析hsa c irc 0 006677的相对表达与临床信息的相关性。利用qRT-PCR实验检测hsa c irc 0 006677在口腔鳞癌细胞系（SCC-9、SCC-15、SCC-25、CAL-27）及人口腔角化细胞（HOK）的相对表达量,划痕实验和Transwell实验检测沉默hsa c irc 0 006677对口腔鳞癌细胞SCC-15细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响。采用Graphpad 5.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果:hsa c irc 0 006677在OSCC组织中与配对的正常组织相比显著下调（P＜0.001）,hsa c irc 0 006677的相对表达与淋巴结转移相关（P=0.0405）。ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.8221,cutoff值为10.74,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.8095和0.7619。qRT-PCR检测hsa c irc 0 006677在SCC-15和CAL-27内相对表达量明显降低;划痕实验和Transwell实验显示,在SCC-15细胞内沉默hsa c irc 0 006677后,其转移能力和侵袭能力显著提高。结论:口腔鳞癌中环状RNA hsa c irc 0 006677在OSCC中明显下调,沉默hsa c irc 0 006677可明显促进OSCC的转移和侵袭能力。

目的:探讨环状RNA hsa_ circ_0055176对口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响.方法:35例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者,用实时荧光PCR检测hsa_ circ_ 0055176在OSCC及相应癌旁组织和OSCC细胞系中表达水平.用慢病毒感染或SiRNA转染SCC25和CAL27细胞,检测环状RNA对OSCC细胞生物学行为的影响.结果:环状RNA hsa_ circ 0055176在OSCC组织表达低于癌旁组织(t=4.52,P＜0.001);在OSCC细胞系表达低于人类角质形成细胞(tCAL27=18.58,tsCC9=12.21,tsCC15=10.11,tsCC25=16.88,P＜0.001).临床数据分析表明与颈淋巴结转移相关(t=12.28,P＜0.05).SCC25和CAL27细胞中hsa_ circ_ 0055176表达上调或下调均影响肿瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭能力.结论:环状RNA hsa_ circ_ 0055176在口腔鳞癌低表达可增强口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common oral cancer, damages oral epithelial cells after the accumulation of multiple genetic mutations. Although emerging evidence supports the key role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various malignancies, the clinical value and function of circRNAs in OSCC remain unclear. In this study, patients withOSCC (n=8) and controls (n=8) were compared using high-throughput sequencing and microarray circRNA expression profiles. The circRNA hsa_circ_0007059 was downregulated in OSCC. Subsequently, hsa_circ_0007059 levels in OSCC tissues and cell lines were assessed by quantitative reverse-transcription chain reaction. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were performed to determine whether hsa_circ_0007059 affects malignant behavior in SCC15 and CAL27 cells. Importantly, hsa_circ_0007059 upregulation suppressed cell growth, migration, and invasion, facilitating apoptosis of these cells. Furthermore, nude mouse tumor formation was assessed to validate the tumor-suppressive role of hsa_circ_0007059 in vivo. Finally, hsa_circ_0007059 was determined to alter cell growth via AKT/mTOR signaling, representing a potential prognostic/therapeutic target for OSCC.

17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,17β-HSDs)是一类NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+依赖的氧化还原酶,其主要功能是参与性激素的代谢,通过调节细胞内甾体类激素水平从而在生殖系统中发挥重要作用.以往研究发现在一些生殖系统疾病如前列腺癌等中,17β-HSDs被显著上调,而最近的研究则显示该家族成员还参与了非甾体物质如脂肪酸和胆固醇的代谢.因此,该类酶的研究对于阐明性激素和脂代谢紊乱相关疾病的发病机制有重要意义.本文总结了17β-HSDs的功能研究进展,并就其选择性抑制剂的研发及应用进行综述.

<正>高脂血症是冠状动脉粥样硬化性疾病(coronary artery atherosclerotic disease,CAD)发生的一个重要的危险因素[1],因此有效地控制血浆脂蛋白的水平能够有效地降低CAD的发生率。但是,近期发布的大规模随机对照临床试验显示,尽管当前针对动脉粥样硬化的标准防治策略能有效地控制低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、血压、血糖和其他一些可改变的心血管疾病危险因素[2],但主要心血管事件的剩余风险仍然持续存在[3]。同时对于很多高危患者,使用能够耐受的最大剂量的他汀仍不能使血浆LDL-C水平