Air tightness of CA warehouse is important to grain storage safety,which is a key factor to CA grain storage.The selection of air tightness materials of warehouse,retrofitting and treatment of leak points and the testing standards and methods for warehouse air tightening were discussed.The relationship between warehouse design and construction and air tightness,handling precautions for air tightening of warehouse were analyzed,providing some reasonable technical reference to safety grain storage.

通过对充氮气调稻谷在不同温度下的发芽率、出糙率、脂肪酸值、电导率和过氧化氢酶活性的测定,探讨充氮气调对稻谷品质的劣变规律.结果表明:稻谷充氮气调,低温条件下的品质变化幅度比对照组小且不明显,高温条件下的品质变化幅度明显小于对照组.

In comparison with soybeans in conventional storage,the change of soybean quality with time at different storage temperatures under controlled atmosphere storage with N2 was studied.The test shows that,under the same storage condition, the higher storage temperature results in the more remarkable quality deterioration of soybeans.Controlled atmosphere storage with N2 is better than conventional storage in keeping the storage quality of soybeans.Controlled atmosphere storage with N2 can effectively suppress the decrease of germination rate,watersoluble protein and nitrogen solubility index(NSI) and the increase of fat acid value,but has no great influence on the contents of crude fat and crude protein in soybeans.

We studied the quality of maize in conventional storage and controlled atmosphere storage with N2 and compared the quality difference of maize under the two storage conditions.The test shows that,at low temperature,the quality of maize in controlled atmosphere storage with N2 is similar to that in conventional storage.After storage at 20 ℃ for half a year,the germination rate of maize decreased from 96% to 87% and 85%,respectively,the fatty acid value increased from 22.4 mg/100 g to 45.9 mg /100 g and 47.4 mg /100 g respectively.However,after storage at 35 ℃ for half a year,the germination rate decreased to 42% and 8% respectively;the fatty acid value increased to 49.5 mg/100g and 57.6 mg/100 g respectively;and the catalase activity decreased to 30.4 mg/g and 20.3 mg/g respectively.Controlled atmosphere storage with N2 is better than conventional storage,particularly in delaying the decrease of the germination rate of maize and the catalase activity as well as the increase of the fatty acid value.Accordingly,we suggests that low-temperature storage is the preferred selection for maize storage in grain depot,and that controlled atmosphere storage with N2 can be selected to suppress the effects of high temperature on the maize quality when the low-temperature storage cannot be achieved.

采用热线法测定了小麦、稻谷的导热系数.室温条件下,小麦水分在7.9%～20.4%的状态下,导热系数的变化范围为0.142 0～0.162 7 W/(m·℃),并且与水分呈正线性相关;温度在5.96～33.33℃时,导热系数的变化范围为0.133 6～0.160 5 W/(m·℃).籼稻中优218水分在6.6%～20.1%时,导热系数的变化范围为0.099 8～0.122 3 W/(m·℃);广东早籼在6.51～35.03℃时,导热系数的变化范围为0.082 6～0.116 6 W/(m·℃).不同品种粮食的导热系数不同,籼稻的导热系数大于粳稻的导热系数,但不同品种小麦的导热系数值变化范围不大.

The controlling effects of anhydrous diethyl ether extracts from Elsholtzia stauntonii through the Soxhlet extraction,including repellent,contact,population inhibition and fumigation activities,were investigated in this paper. The results showed that: E.stauntonii extracts possessed an extremely strong repellent activity against Tribolium castaneum adults and weak repellent activity against Sitophilus zeamais adults,and the repellent rate still kept over 85% for T.castaneum adults at 72 h after treatment.E.stauntonii extracts exhibited weak contact,current population-inhibition activities and strong fumigation activity against S.zeamais and T.castaneum adults,and current population mortality was over 95% for S.zeamais adults,100% for T.castaneum adults at 4 d after treatment respectively.