Adichunchanagiri University is a private university located in Javaranahalli, in Mandya district, Karnataka, India, offering courses in medicine, engineering, pharmacy, nursing, education and commerce. Constituent institutions under the university are Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, BGS institute of technology, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri college of nursing, BGS first grade college and BGS College of Education.
Breast cancer holds a horrifying picture of being one of the most common cancers across the world and with it, comes an even more troublesome morbidity and mortality scenario, especially for high-grade malignancy, such as triple-negative breast cancer. The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway is one of the well-established oncogenic drivers for breast cancer in regard to tumor cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to therapy. Natural phytochemicals, including resveratrol, show promising STAT3 inhibitory activity but have a limited clinical application due to their poor solubility, low bioavailability, and metabolic instability. Nanotechnology may be the best system to solve these problems by improving the pharmacokinetic properties and tumor-targeting abilities of phytochemicals. This review describes the pathophysiological role of STAT3 in breast cancer and discusses the chances of therapeutic exploitation via natural compounds, especially resveratrol, delivered via advanced nanoformulations; polymeric, lipid-based, and magnetic nanoparticles. A special approach was taken with respect to magnetic nanoparticles loaded with resveratrol, which offer a dual benefit of targeted therapy with imaging capabilities. Although preclinical results have been encouraging, transferring to successful clinical development will involve hurdles inherent to formulation complexity, regulatory compliance, safety, and patient-specific optimization approaches. Quality-by-design principles along with biomarker-driven strategies may lead to better advances in phytochemical-loaded nanoparticles becoming clinically promising STAT3-targeted breast cancer treatments.
Photocatalytic water splitting is a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen generation. This study aims to develop a simple and efficient photocatalyst and to investigate the influence of gamma irradiation on photocatalytic water splitting performance. A gamma irradiated graphitic carbon nitride/silver-cadmium sulfide (gamma-g-C3N4/Ag-CdS) heterostructure composite was synthesized via microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, followed by melamine polymerization and the resultant catalyst was subsequently exposed to gamma radiation. The gamma-g-C3N4/Ag-CdS catalyst exhibited enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production, demonstrating the effectiveness of gamma irradiation and the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles, which enabled an S-scheme electron transfer pathway, thereby improving stability and catalytic performance while reducing reliance on high-cost noble metals such as platinum. Enhanced efficiency was achieved through suppressed charge carrier recombination, improved interfacial charge transfer, and increased visible-light absorption. Gamma irradiation promoted charge separation without additional chemical reagents, and microwave-assisted synthesis reduced reaction time and energy consumption. The hydrogen evolution rate of the gamma irradiated composite reached 5600 mu mol g-1 h-1, compared to 4100 mu mol g-1 h-1 for the unirradiated sample. The gamma-g-C3N4/Ag-CdS photocatalyst delivers a similar to 36% increase in hydrogen evolution rate compared to the untreated composite. This work provides valuable insights for the development of stable and high-performance photocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen generation.
Nanocone-assembled urchin-like NiCo2O4/SnS2 (NCOSS) nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile solvothermal method and systematically characterized using XRD, FTIR, Raman, FESEM, TEM, XPS, and BET analyses. The results confirm the formation of a crystalline, mesoporous heterostructure with strong interfacial coupling and a high specific surface area. The unique urchin-like nanocone architecture effectively facilitates ion transport and mitigates volume expansion during cycling. When evaluated as a lithium-ion battery anode, the NCOSS electrode delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 1545 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, with an initial irreversible capacity loss of 19.91%. Notably, it exhibited excellent cycling stability, retaining 625 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles, and superior rate performance with 88.88% capacity retention from 0.1 to 2 A g-1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed reduced charge-transfer resistance compared to pristine NiCo2O4 (NCO), while kinetic analysis indicated dominant pseudocapacitive contributions (47.82-70.80%), enabling high reversible capacity at elevated current densities. These results demonstrate that NCOSS is a promising anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
Griseofulvin, a common antifungal, suffers from poor solubility and skin penetration, limiting its topical efficacy. The main purpose of the study is to develop and characterize a griseofulvin-loaded transfersomal gel to enhance topical delivery and sustain antifungal activity. The transfersomes were prepared by thin-film hydration with varying ratios of lecithin and Tween 80 and evaluated for vesicle size, morphology, and entrapment efficiency (EE). The optimized formulation (GRF7) had the highest EE (98.02 ± 0.55
A sustainable nanocatalytic system is developed for efficient heteroaryl cross-coupling and biological applications. Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) supported on sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) are synthesized through an environmentally benign route, affording a uniformly dispersed and stable nanocatalyst (APM-PdNPs@Na-MMT). Structural and surface analyses confirm the successful immobilization of PdNPs on the clay support. The nanocatalyst efficiently promotes Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of N-heterocyclic bromides and chlorides in green solvents under mild conditions, delivering biaryl products in high yields with broad functional group tolerance. Excellent scalability is demonstrated through gram-scale reactions without loss of catalytic efficiency. Recyclability and leaching studies reveal high stability, sustained activity, and true heterogeneous behavior. The photophysical properties of the synthesized molecules are investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy, supported by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Notably, the nanocatalyst exhibits selective anticancer activity against HCT116 colon cancer cells while showing minimal cytotoxicity toward normal human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. This work underscores the potential of clay-supported palladium nanocatalysts in sustainable catalysis and biomedical applications.
