The factors that differentiate the management of 38 Cuban sugar companies in the period 2020–2024 are identified and evaluated, characterized by the decrease in the area covered with cane, cessation of exports and a sharp deterioration of the working and living conditions of workers in the sector, although positive elements are also present such as a different look at local chains, agricultural diversification with food production and the need for innovation and the introduction of new scientific results. Based on strategic foresight studies and diagnoses in sugar companies and cooperatives, factors of change (variables) associated with competitiveness were identified and a competitiveness indicator is designed and evaluated, which allows the elaboration for the first time of a ranking where gaps, deficiencies or weaknesses can be quickly and effectively identified for decision-making (investments, systematic evaluations, continuous improvement).
L’histoire de l'anthropologie cubaine, à la fois ancienne, riche et méconnue, a longtemps été façonnée en lien étroit avec l'engagement social et politique de ses auteurs. A partir du XIXème siècle et des premiers combats indépendantistes, puis des révolutions qui ont marqué le XXème siècle, l'anthropologie physique, la criminologie, l'étude du folklore, puis l'ethnographie se sont penchées sur l'étude de phénomènes locaux et de populations se trouvant aux marges de la Nation. Anthropologie « de soi », visant à accompagner les processus de construction nationale en contexte créole, l'anthropologie cubaine a forgé des outils conceptuels et méthodologiques originaux ; elle a aussi expérimenté des formes inédites de restitution et d'écriture, à la croisée de l'histoire, de la littérature, des arts plastiques, du chant et de la performance chorégraphique.
The use of artificial intelligence offers an opportunity to improve agroecosystem management. In this context, supervised machine learning can enhance soil classification. This study aimed to evaluate the classification of Vertisols using machine learning based on the active fractions of precipitated inorganic phosphorus. Samples from the B horizon of 55 Chromic and Pellic Vertisol profiles were analyzed across six municipalities in Holguín, Cuba. Phosphorus fractions were determined, and Orange Data Mining was used to implement Random Forest and Decision Tree classifiers, evaluated through ROC analysis and performance curves. In addition, a confusion matrix was included. Random Forest showed higher accuracy (93.10% for Chromic Vertisols and 80.77% for Pellic Vertisols). The Decision Tree model was more accurate for Chromic Vertisols. In both soils, Ca-bound P predominated over Fe- and Al-bound P; in Chromic Vertisols it exceeded 58.685 mg kg⁻¹, while in Pellic Vertisols it ranged from 12.625 to 58.685 mg kg⁻¹. Overall, Random Forest provided more accurate soil classification.
Strategic factors as variety, seeding, cultural attention, soil and climate, tactical factors as harvesting and human, as economical cane growers and industry options, affect sugarcane quality. Australian, Brazilian, Mexican and South African sampling, measurement and cane payment systems explained and compared with the Cuban one. Conclusions are that no one-system guaranties a regular cane quality improvement and the importance of fast information of the quality of sugarcane samples to each canegrower to allow him improve harvest. Additionally, to measure fiber, juice Pol and non-Pol, cane extraneous matters and freshness directly in each sample with penalties or bonuses. These results define the amount of potential commercial sugar in cane, which real extraction depends of factory efficiency. Authors recommend that values at the beginning of sugar campaign relate to same periods of other campaigns and calculate Pol in cane by mixed juice weight instead of inferential method.
The Cuban Revolution is construed as a discursive formation, searching in its evolution — and in its connection with an evolving revolutionary praxis — the causes of its weakening and/or survival. A balance is drawn at three crucial moments: crisis, resistance and creation. The mechanical identification of Revolution with State has impoverished the revolutionary discourse. The deeper meaning of the Revolution, in connection with a renewed praxis, needs full restoration. To overcome the imbalance or dissociation between the various dimensions of the Revolution, the effort must concentrate on transforming the current state of affairs through the intervention of popular forces, i.e., the inaugural factors of the Cuban Revolution itself.
