Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences (KNRUHS) is a public university in the city of Warangal, Telangana, India. University is named after its poet, and political activist of Telangana – Kaloji Narayana Rao..
This is a summary of the original article “Safety and effectiveness of concomitant iGlarLixi and SGLT-2i use in people with T2D during Ramadan fasting: a SoliRam study sub-analysis.” iGlarLixi is a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 U/ml and glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) lixisenatide which has demonstrated its effectiveness of improving glycemic parameters and reducing body weight with low risk of hypoglycemia incidence in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were previously sub-optimally controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) alone or in combination with basal insulin or GLP-1RA. This sub-analysis of the SoliRam study assessed the safety and effectiveness of concomitant iGlarLixi and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2i) use with or without other OADs in adults with T2D who fasted during Ramadan. Participants were divided into two groups: SGLT-2i-users and SGLT-2i-non-users. The findings showed low incidence of severe and/or symptomatic documented hypoglycemia, improved glycemic control, and body weight benefits, irrespective of SGLT-2i use. No serious adverse events were reported in either group. The sub-analysis concluded that the concomitant iGlarLixi and SGLT-2i therapy, with or without other OADs, was demonstrated to be a safe treatment for people with T2D during Ramadan fasting.
Background:Ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 targeting monoclonal antibody, enhances T-cell activation and improves outcomes in various malignancies. However, it is associated with Immune Related Adverse Events (IRAEs), including hypophysitis- a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. This review characterizes the clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies for ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis, and explores its underlying pathophysiology through a case report and literature synthesis. Methodology:We conducted a systematic review of published cases of ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis, extracting data on demographics, comorbidities, cancer types, treatment regimens, imaging findings, endocrine dysfunctions, and therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, we present a detailed case report of a 60-year-old male with renal cell carcinoma who developed hypophysitis following ipilimumab-nivolumab combination immunotherapy. Results:The literature review included 92 patients (mean age 57, 68% male), most commonly treated for melanoma. MRI revealed pituitary abnormalities in 46 patients. The most frequent symptoms were headache and fatigue, with panhypopituitarism and secondary adrenal insufficiency being the most common endocrine manifestations. Glucocorticoids were administered in 86 patients, and 62 required hormone replacement. Only 15/92 patients had full pituitary function recovery. Our case report mirrored these findings, with symptom onset after the third immunotherapy cycle and partial hormonal recovery following steroids. Conclusions:Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis is a significant IRAE with a variable clinical course and often irreversible endocrine dysfunction. Early recognition and management with glucocorticoids are critical, though long-term hormone replacement is frequently required. The autoimmune pathogenesis, linked to CTLA-4 expression in pituitary cells, underscores the need for further research into predictive markers and preventive strategies.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2025.08.018.].
An 8-y-old boy presented with premature virilization and was found to have peripheral precocious puberty due to a unilateral Leydig cell tumor. The mass was surgically excised, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperatively, androgen levels normalized; however, within months, he developed accelerated growth, testicular enlargement, and rising gonadotropins, consistent with central precocious puberty. Treatment with a gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue stabilized pubertal progression. This case underscores the need to consider Leydig cell tumors in boys with early virilization and highlights the risk of central activation even after curative surgery. Vigilant long-term follow-up is crucial for timely recognition and management to optimize growth and psychosocial outcomes.
This journal scan highlights key research articles from cardiovascular journals published between June and October 2025. Happy reading.
