Kyrgyz National Agrarian University

The study examines the relationship between the digital media environment, sociopolitical contexts, and information resilience in Muslim communities. The study is a systematic literature review and theoretical synthesis using comparative-historical, discursive, and systems approaches. The findings show that digitalization has transformed online space into a key sphere for religious practice and religious socialization, contributing to the emergence of “digital Islam.” Among young people, religious socialization and the choice of preachers increasingly occur online within “information cocoons.” In Central Asia, the influence of the internet and social networks has nearly equaled television: 56% of the population receive news from television and 50% from social networks, mainly via smartphones. Television remains dominant among people aged 55+, while younger audiences rely primarily on online sources. Young people, elderly people, and linguistic minorities are especially vulnerable to disinformation and manipulation and often become targets of Islamophobic and radical narratives. In Tatarstan, Islam is understood mainly as heritage or ethnic Islam, associated with Tatar identity and cultural heritage rather than strict ritual observance. States and organizations combine control measures with media-literacy programs, although excessive securitization can push users into closed online spaces and increase radicalization risks. The study concludes that digital technologies do not generate radicalism but accelerate its spread and transform its forms within the intersection of religion and security policy.

This article examines the features of carbonization of Naukats bentonite clay, the main methods of its physicochemical modification, as well as the prospects for using this natural raw material in the purification of natural and wastewater of various origins. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the need to search for accessible, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective adsorbents based on local mineral resources. Particular attention is paid to a comprehensive investigation of the adsorption, bleaching, and purification properties of Naukats bentonite clay, which is of great importance for the development of modern water treatment technologies and the utilization of liquid waste. Based on preliminary laboratory experiments, it has been established that Naukats bentonite clay has a high capacity for the adsorption of organic impurities, pollutant ions, and colored components, which leads to a significant improvement in the physicochemical parameters of the treated medium. This is especially evident in the treatment of used motor oils, transformer oils, and vegetable oils, where the clay demonstrates a high degree of purification, stable adsorption performance, and pronounced bleaching effects. The obtained results indicate that Naukats bentonite clay can be effectively used as a natural adsorbent without prior chemical activation, which significantly simplifies the technological process, reduces energy consumption, and lowers the overall cost of purification. Laboratory and technological studies have shown that, in terms of activity, this natural material is not inferior to industrial sorbents such as Zikeev opoka, Askangel, and Bukhara bentonite. Moreover, in oil purification processes, Naukats clay exhibits a 1.5 times lower oil capacity compared to commercially produced adsorbents, which enhances its economic efficiency and practical value. Thus, the research results confirm the promising potential of Naukats bentonite clay for application in water treatment systems, liquid waste processing, and the development of environmentally safe and affordable adsorption materials.

Objective - characterization of a new strain of cellulolytic bacteria, Bacillus aryabhattai 21N2, promising for the development of a bacterial fertilizer for the forage legume crops sweet clover and alfalfa. The strain was isolated from decomposing cellulose-containing plant residues in the alfalfa rhizosphere (Almaty region, Kazakhstan) and deposited in the Republican Collection of Microorganisms under number RKM 0856. In laboratory experiments, pre-sowing seed treatment with a suspension of the strain (titer 1×108 cells/mL) increased alfalfa seed germination to 82.6% versus 73.9% for the prototype strain Cellulomonas biazotea IMiV-43 and 52.4% in the control, while increasing seedling shoot and root length by 25.5% and 30.5%, respectively. The strain exhibited pronounced antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium (F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. oxysporum var. solani, F. culmorum), the causative agents of root rot in sweet clover and alfalfa, and also synthesized biologically active metabolites -B-group vitamins and free amino acids. Under field conditions, pre-sowing seed inoculation with the B. aryabhattai 21N2 strain increased sweet clover seedling density from 76.3 to 153 plants/m², reduced root rot incidence from 25.2% to 9.0%, and increased green mass yield by 17.3 dt/ha for sweet clover and 15.2 dt/ha for alfalfa compared with the control and the prototype. The results obtained confirm the promise of the B. aryabhattai 21N2 strain as an environmentally safe alternative to chemical growth stimulants and fungicides in forage production. Цель исследования - характеристика нового штамма целлюлолитических бактерий Bacillus aryabhattai 21N2, перспективного для создания бактериального удобрения под кормо-бобовые культуры донник и люцерну. Штамм выделен из разлагающихся целлюлозосодержащих растительных остатков в ризосфере люцерны (Алматинская область, Казахстан) и депонирован в Республиканской коллекции микроорганизмов под номером RKM 0856. В лабораторных опытах предпосевная обработка семян суспензией штамма (титр 1×10⁸ кл/мл) повысила всхожесть семян люцерны до 82,6 % против 73,9 % у штамма-прототипа Cellulomonas biazotea ИМиВ-43 и 52,4 % в контроле, при увеличении длины стебля и корня проростков на 25,5 % и 30,5 %, соответственно. Штамм проявил выраженную антифунгальную активность в отношении фитопатогенных грибов рода Fusarium (F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. oxysporum var. solani, F. culmorum), вызывающих корневую гниль донника и люцерны, а также синтезировал биологически активные метаболиты - витамины группы В и свободные аминокислоты. В полевых условиях предпосевная инокуляция семян штаммом B. aryabhattai 21N2 увеличила густоту всходов донника с 76,3 до 153 шт./м², снизила поражённость корневой гнилью с 25,2 до 9,0 %, повысила урожайность зелёной массы донника на 17,3 ц/га и люцерны - на 15,2 ц/га по сравнению с контролем и прототипом. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность штамма B. aryabhattai 21N2 как экологически безопасной альтернативы химическим стимуляторам роста и фунгицидам в кормопроизводстве.

The article analyses the distribution of mountainous chestnut and chernozem soils in the eastern part of the Issyk-Kul basin of Kyrgyzstan, with the correct exploitation of which, against the background of innovative technologies of cultivation of agricultural crops, it is possible to obtain high yields of crops, solving the issue of food security of the country. Morphological description of soil sections, sampling for agrochemical analyses of soils, phytomass (above-ground and underground) of vegetation was carried out. Meetings with farmers were organised to discuss existing and promising (soil-protective and resource-saving technologies) agro-techniques of crop cultivation. Laboratory chemical analysis of soils for the content of mobile nutrient elements, gross forms and indicators of soil fertility (humus, soil nitrogen), as well as the content and influence of minerals on soil properties were provided. The analysis of widespread processes of dehumidification, overconsolidation, destruction of soil structure of agricultural land, leading to a decrease in crop yields. The high role of vegetation biomass in improving physical, agrochemical and biological properties of soils in the region is noted. On the basis of the above-mentioned conclusions were made about the application of resource-saving and soil-protective technologies on dark chestnut and chernozem soils of Eastern Priissykkulia, which lead to sustainable soil management and increase the income of these farms, with a corresponding standard of living in rural areas and ensuring food security in the region.

This paper examines research findings on the development of a fish chip recipe with added plant-based ingredients. The use of low-value fish species in the recipe was studied to increase the nutritional and biological value of the finished product. The ratios of recipe components were determined to create a product enriched with macro- and microelements and dietary fiber. The functional properties of fish chips were determined to improve the nutritional quality of various age groups, including schoolchildren, the elderly, and athletes. The studies confirmed the safety of the chips, in accordance with the requirements of TR CU 040/2016 "On the Safety of Fish and Fish Products," as well as improved nutritional and biological value. It was found that the advanced processing of low-value fish species, including silver carp, increases production profitability by at least 16%.