The National University of the Center of Peru (Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú), UNCP for short, is the largest public university of the center of Peru. It was founded by supreme decree law no. 46 on December 16, 1959. Apart from its main campus in El Tambo, Huancayo, the university runs decentralized establishments in Junín, Satipo, and Tarma. The first rector was distinguished Peruvian geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal. During the 1960s, several former establishments, such as those in Lima (Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal), Huánuco (Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán), Huacho (Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión) and Cerro de Pasco (Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión), were transformed into universities.
The sustainable processing of coffee requires not only improving the efficiency of conventional operations but also advancing the recovery and valorization of bioactive compounds across the coffee value chain. In this context, emerging technologies offer eco-efficient alternatives to conventional extraction methods. This review summarizes recent advances in ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), high-pressure extraction (HPE), cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) applied to coffee beans and major coffee side streams, including pulp, husk, parchment, silverskin, and spent coffee grounds. The physicochemical principles of each technology, the main operating parameters, and their influence on extraction yield, phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, and heat-sensitive compound preservation are discussed. Furthermore, potential synergies between combined techniques (UAE-MAE or HPE-UAE) and trends toward industrial scaling and integral valorization within a circular economy framework are highlighted. Overall, the evidence indicates that emerging technologies can intensify coffee extraction processes, increase phenolic recovery (often achieving up to two-fold improvements in total phenolic content compared to conventional techniques), and significantly reduce processing times (commonly reaching 2.5–15 min), supporting more sustainable and industrially relevant value chains.
This study examines whether administrative simplification is associated with stronger document-management practices in a district-level local government organization, and why this matters for societal outcomes such as transparency and more equitable access to public services. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental design, we surveyed officials and administrative staff with validated Likert-type instruments (62 items for administrative simplification; 17 items for document management) and tested associations using Spearman’s rho. Results show a positive, modest relationship between simplification and document management (ρ ≈ 0.37; p < 0.001). Stage-level analyses indicate consistently positive correlations, with stronger associations in later, institutionalization-oriented stages (implementation, monitoring/evaluation, continuous improvement, and sustainability). The study contributes to debates on administrative burden and digital-era governance by linking staged simplification efforts to the organizational backbone of records flows. Practically, findings suggest that resource-constrained municipalities can improve governance quality by treating document management not as a back-office function but as an enabling infrastructure for user-centered services, accountability, and compliance with digital-government guidance. Limitations include the single-organization design and reliance on staff perceptions; future research should test citizen-level outcomes and service-equity effects.
La educación financiera es una competencia clave para la toma de decisiones económicas informadas en la población universitaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir las percepciones, conocimientos y habilidades financieras en estudiantes universitarios de Tarma. Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico, nivel descriptivo y diseño no experimental transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 239 estudiantes de cuatro universidades de la provincia de Tarma. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos y con alta confiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach > 0.80), el cual evaluó percepciones, conocimientos y habilidades financieras relacionadas con la gestión de las finanzas personales, incluyendo aspectos como ahorro, planificación financiera y uso de productos financieros. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de estudiantes presenta niveles altos y muy altos en percepciones (86.6%), habilidades (82.0%) y conocimientos (76.6%). Además, se identificaron diferencias según edad y carrera profesional, destacando los estudiantes de Administración de Negocios. Se concluye que los universitarios de Tarma presentan un nivel favorable de educación financiera, aunque persisten brechas entre el conocimiento teórico y su aplicación práctica.
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar y desmitificar la identidad del ave pilco, un elemento heráldico del escudo de Huánuco, mediante un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño descriptivo-transversal. Para ello, se empleó una metodología de triangulación de datos, combinando el análisis documental e histórico de crónicas y escudos heráldicos con la corroboración de campo, a través de avistamientos documentados y registros en plataformas de ciencia ciudadana (eBird y Merlin). El estudio evaluó cinco versiones propuestas para el ave pilco: el paujil común (Mitu tuberosum), el colibrí gigante (Patagona gigas), el carpintero andino (Colaptes rupicola), el carpintero de selva alta (Campephilus melanoleucos) y el quetzal sudamericano (Pharomachrus auriceps y P. antisianus). Los resultados revelaron inconsistencias morfológicas en las primeras cuatro especies, que no se ajustaban a las descripciones históricas ni a las representaciones más precisas, como la del escudo de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán. Se concluye que el ave pilco es el quetzal crestado (Pharomachrus antisianus), debido a que su cresta de plumas dirigida hacia adelante sobre el pico amarillo coincide de manera precisa con la iconografía heráldica y su existencia actual en la selva alta de Huánuco está científicamente documentada. Este estudio contribuye a las ciencias sociales al revalorizar un símbolo cultural en peligro, fortaleciendo la identidad regional y proporcionando una base empírica para la formulación de políticas de conservación y protección del hábitat natural del quetzal, un ave sagrada para las culturas prehispánicas.
Under extreme environmental conditions, interplant facilitation influences the growth and yield of heat-sensitive crops. In this study, the shade index of three cover plants for growing tomato crops on green roofs in Peru's high jungle was evaluated to generate a mathematical model to could be used as a standard in other studies. The mathematical models estimated the shade indices of Mucuna pruriens, Luffa cylindrica, and Cyclanthera pedata as tomato cover plants. The quantitative analysis carried out with the weekly growth data of the cover plants allowed us to determine the shade index, showing that Mucuna pruriens is the best heat-mitigating indicator plant due to its best ecophysiological condition. This model could be adjusted to any plant and facilitate the growth of solar radiation and high temperature-sensitive crops. In this study, Mucuna pruriens is shown as a heat-mitigating plant due to its better ecophysiological condition than Luffa cylindrica and Cyclanthera pedata. Mucuna pruriens reached 100% shade, while Luffa cylindrica and Cyclanthera pedata had 33.40% and 17.00% shade. This mathematical model could serve as a general standard for other studies identifying the shade index of cover plants for different crops susceptible to high heat and light environmental conditions in high jungles.
