The Daniel Alcides Carrión National University (Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión), or UNDAC for short, is the public university of Cerro de Pasco, Peru. It was founded by decree law no. 15527 on April 12, 1965. The university runs establishments in La Oroya, Oxapampa, Yanahuanca, Paucartambo, Tarma and La Merced.
The increasing concern over heavy metal contamination in export crops has intensified research on the application of computer vision systems (CVS) and advanced sensing technologies within multi-level agricultural monitoring frameworks spanning soil contamination assessment, crop spectral diagnostics, and in situ elemental sensing. This study conducts a systematic literature review following Kitchenham’s methodology, from which 68 studies were finally included after screening and eligibility assessment. The review focuses on the use of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and XRF-IoT sensors (X-ray fluorescence units enhanced with IoT connectivity) for detecting heavy metals in export crops, considering publications from the last seven years indexed in Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, EBSCOhost, and Springer Nature Link. The findings indicate that research is concentrated in highly digitalized countries, which limits its global applicability; moreover, a substantial proportion of studies is published in Q1 journals, although the methodologies are not always fully objective. Likewise, the most developed research lines are oriented toward image-based diagnostics and crop analysis. These results reveal a gap between technological advances in computer vision and their integration into agricultural decision-making aimed at improving the quality of export crops. It is recommended to foster research with greater geographical diversity, grounded in solid theoretical frameworks and an ethical perspective.
IntroductionThe presence of lead ions in water bodies represents a persistent environmental problem due to their toxicity, mobility, and bioaccumulation capacity, which demands the development of efficient and sustainable treatment alternatives. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the adsorption of lead ions in aqueous solutions using magnetite nanoparticles through factorial optimization of operating conditions and isotherm analysis.Methodswas developed under a quantitative experimental approach, employing a full factorial 23 design that considered solution pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage as independent variables. The experiments were conducted in batch systems, and the obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including analysis of variance and regression models, supported by the SPSS and Orange software. Likewise, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were fitted to describe the adsorption equilibrium.Resultsshowed that magnetite dosage is the factor with the greatest influence on removal efficiency, followed by pH and contact time, achieving high adsorption percentages under moderately alkaline conditions, short contact times, and higher amounts of adsorbent. The satisfactory fit to both isotherm models indicated the coexistence of monolayer mechanisms and surface heterogeneity.Conclusionmagnetite nanoparticles exhibit outstanding adsorptive performance for Pb(II) removal in aqueous solutions, demonstrating high efficiencies under controlled operational conditions. The results confirm that the process is strongly dependent on adsorbent dosage and system pH, while contact time contributes to the stabilization of adsorption equilibrium.
University research funding creates opportunities to undertake new studies, but its scholarly contribution also depends on whether funded projects lead to completed theses and visible scientific publications. This study examined the contribution of the Camisea Socioeconomic Development Fund (FOCAM) to thesis-derived scientific output at a Peruvian public university. A retrospective bibliometric and documentary analysis covered 76 funded projects, 81 theses deposited in the institutional repository, and 14 published articles identified during the 2022–2026 study period. Funding award resolutions, project implementation and closure reports, repository records, and scientific databases were reviewed. FOCAM-funded theses deposited in the repository had a thesis-to-article conversion rate of 20.0%, compared with 15.7% for self-funded theses. Across all funded projects, however, 7.9% had produced a scientific article by the study cutoff, and 5.3% had produced an article in a Scopus-indexed journal. FOCAM supported student research, but the findings indicate a need for stronger technical follow-up and editorial guidance to increase publication and improve the academic return on research investment.
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 patients with diabetes at Itaugua Hospital, Paraguay. Most participants were women (69.2%), were aged 31–59 years (64.9%), had type 2 diabetes (88.3%), and were receiving treatment (83%). Symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in 87.6% and 72% of patients, respectively. In the simple regression analysis, depression was positively associated with being divorced (PR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.13–1.70), whereas having type 2 diabetes was negatively associated with depression (PR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60–0.97). Anxiety was positively associated with higher education, being cohabiting or divorced, and receiving diabetes treatment, whereas negative associations were found with age 31–59 years, female sex, type 2 diabetes, and the presence of diabetes-related complications. These findings indicate a high prevalence of mental health problems among patients with diabetes, particularly anxiety and depression, highlighting the influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors.
La presente investigación se realizó en una granja avícola ubicada en la ciudad de Trujillo, Perú, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la suplementación de dietas con un producto comercial a base de una mezcla de aceites esenciales en polvo, compuesta por eucalipto, menta y timol, sobre el desempeño productivo y la calidad del huevo en gallinas ponedoras Hy-Line Brown. Se emplearon 990 aves desde las 38 hasta las 45 semanas de edad, distribuidas bajo un diseño completamente al azar con tres tratamientos: T0 (0 gramos aceites esenciales), T1 (250 gramos aceites esenciales) y T2 (350 gramos aceites esenciales) por tonelada de alimento, con tres repeticiones por tratamiento y 110 aves por repetición. Los resultados mostraron diferencias altamente significativas (P < 0,01), siendo los tratamientos suplementados con aceites esenciales, superiores al tratamiento control, en cuanto a conversión alimenticia, porcentaje de postura, y porcentajes de huevos rosados, blancos, rotos y de descarte. Contrariamente, no se observaron diferencias estadísticas (P > 0,05) en los parámetros de calidad interna y externa del huevo, tales como peso, resistencia del cascarón, altura de albúmina, índice Haugh, color, altura, diámetro e índice de yema, ni grosor de cascarón. En conclusión, la suplementación con la mezcla de aceites esenciales puede considerarse una alternativa nutricional potencial para mejorar el desempeño productivo de gallinas ponedoras sin afectar la calidad del huevo.
