Pancasila University

Black garlic is produced through controlled fermentation under specific temperature and humidity conditions, during which the Maillard reaction enhances its sensory properties and bioactivity. The anti-hyperuricemic potential of single-clove black garlic (SBG) remains unexplored. This study combined Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry-based metabolomics and an in-silico approach to identify the potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) in SBG. Methanolic extracts (10 ppm) exhibited xanthine oxidase inhibition ranging from 50.09% to 68.01%, which is comparable to allopurinol (78.74%) at the same concentration. Metabolomic profiling tentatively identified 45 compounds, and orthogonal partial least squares analysis revealed seven metabolites as strongly correlated with XOI activity, namely alpha-(1-deoxy-D-fructose-1-yl)-L-arginine, alliin, 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, S-allyl-L-cysteine, quercetin, and m-coumaric acid. Molecular docking showed that these compounds exhibited binding energies comparable to allopurinol, thus indicating favorable interactions within the xanthine oxidase active site. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of ligand-enzyme complexes, with consistent hydrogen bond interactions, which support their stable binding conformations. ADMET analysis revealed that most compounds demonstrated acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles, high intestinal absorption, low blood-brain barrier permeability, and non-hepatotoxic and non-mutagenic properties. The integration of metabolomics, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and ADMET prediction supports the potential of SBG-derived compounds as safe and effective XOIs, thereby highlighting SBG as a promising functional food candidate for the management of hyperuricemia.

The The implementation of the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) by Bank Indonesia serves as a strategic innovation to unify various digital payment systems into a single national standard. This study aims to analyze the impact of QRIS implementation on transaction efficiency and the satisfaction of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method, this research collects data through a literature study of official Bank Indonesia reports, publications from the Indonesian Fintech Association (AFTECH), and scientific journals from 2021–2024. The findings indicate that QRIS usage significantly enhances transaction efficiency by reducing queue times, minimizing recording errors, and eliminating the cost of EDC machines. Furthermore, QRIS positively contributes to MSME satisfaction by expanding market reach and building business credibility. However, adoption faces challenges such as low digital literacy, uneven internet infrastructure, and the burden of Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) fees for micro-enterprises. The study recommends tiered MDR fee incentives and intensified digital education programs

Indonesia’s expanding gig economy has reshaped the labor market, offering flexibility while deepening social protection disparities. This study examines the gap in social protection coverage between formal employees and gig workers—online and local—within Indonesia’s employment landscape. Using microdata from August 2018, 2021, and 2023 National Labor Force Surveys (Sakernas), the analysis focuses on the service sector, where gig work is concentrated. A binary logistic regression with marginal effects was used to estimate the probability of workers’ participation in Indonesia’s social security programs. Findings revealed persistent, significant disparities: Online gig workers were 33% less likely and local gig workers 23% less likely to be covered than formal employees. These inequalities widened during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in health and occupational accident insurance. Further analysis showed that disparities were more pronounced among male and urban workers. These results underscore structural vulnerabilities in Indonesia’s dual labor system and highlight the need for inclusive, adaptive social protection reforms. Recommendations include integrating gig workers into national social security schemes through shared contributions, strengthening digital and social protection literacy, and establishing a legal framework that recognizes platform-based employment as part of Indonesia’s labor market.

This investigation examined the impact of port-injected hydrogen on a 430 kW compression ignition generator powered by B35 biodiesel. Through the combination of experimental testing, molecular dynamics simulations, and optical imaging techniques, we determined that an even distribution of load and hydrogen energy share (40/ 40 ratio) resulted in a 12.26% reduction in specific fuel consumption. This configuration likewise markedly reduced emissions of SO2, NOx, and CO. The underlying cause, identified through quantum analysis, is a reduction in the HOMO-LUMO energy disparity. This modification enables faster electron transfer, thereby supporting a more consistent combustion process. Atmospheric combustion diagnostics subsequently confirmed the increased oxidation intensity. There are some limits to using atmospheric combustion data to make predictions about high-pressure environments, but this multi-scale approach makes the basic mechanisms behind hydrogen-biodiesel synergy clearer and achieves substantial environmental benefits and energy efficiency in industrial applications.

This study examines the effect of Social Media Marketing on Purchase Intention toward local coffee shops in Java Island, with Brand Trust and Brand Image as mediating variables. A quantitative method was used, which involved surveying 376 individuals who actively use social media and have come into contact with promotional content from local coffee shops. Purposive sampling was used, and the data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.2. The findings indicate that Social Media Marketing has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention, and also significantly influences Brand Trust and Brand Image. Furthermore, Brand Trust and Brand Image significantly affect Purchase Intention and mediate the relationship between Social Media Marketing and Purchase Intention. These results suggest that effective social media strategies should focus on strengthening brand trust and brand image to enhance consumers’ purchase intention in the increasingly competitive local coffee shop industry. Keywords: Social Media Marketing; Brand Trust; Brand Image; Purchase Intention; Local Coffee Shops