La cuenca Chancay–Lambayeque (Perú) abastece una agricultura que concentra el 85 % del consumo hídrico regional, pero no existía un análisis centenario de su régimen de caudal que separase el efecto de la infraestructura hidráulica del forzante climático. Se procesaron 110 años de registros diarios (1914–2024), organizados en tres subperiodos de regulación, mediante pruebas de tendencia y detección de cambios estructurales, y análisis de frecuencia de caudales extremos. Los resultados revelan una tendencia creciente significativa y un cambio de régimen en 1968, previo al sistema completo de regulación, lo que evidencia forzantes climáticos independientes de la infraestructura hidráulica. El evento de 2017 superó los caudales de diseño vigentes, en línea con la intensificación ENSO documentada en cuencas andinas comparables. Se concluye que la cuenca requiere actualizar sus estándares hidráulicos e integrar gobernanza adaptativa y soluciones basadas en la naturaleza para responder a la nueva variabilidad hidroclimática.
We prove the existence and determine the linear stability of periodic orbits in the Hénon–Heiles Hamiltonian system under a 1:ω resonance, with ω≥2. The analysis combines Lie–Deprit normalization with regular and singular reduction. We also establish the persistence of two-dimensional KAM tori surrounding the linearly stable periodic orbits and derive periodic asymptotic parametrizations in the original variables.
This study evaluated the effect of ultrasound (US) as soft thermal processing or thermosonication technology to improve the properties of a functional beverage made from noni (Morinda citrifolia) and carambola (Averrhoa carambola). A 3² factorial design was applied with ultrasound temperatures (50–60°C) and times (25–35 min). Physicochemical, bioactive, and colorimetric parameters were analyzed, modeling their responses using quadratic regression. The results showed that US significantly increased polyphenol content (up to 2200 mg FAGE/L) and antioxidant capacity (>100 μmol Trolox/g) under optimal conditions (60°C/30 min), although it reduced vitamin C by 32% compared to the control. Viscosity decreased in the treated samples to 3.1 mPa s, improving product fluidity, while the pH remained stable (3.6–3.7). Predictive models showed a high fit (R² >95%) for antioxidants and color. It is concluded that ultrasound improves bioactive extraction and technological properties at 52.4 °C and 31.2 min at 40 kHz. This technology offers a sustainable alternative for functional beverages, although it highlights the need for a balance between maximizing bioactive compounds and preserving thermolabile components. Future studies should evaluate the sensory impact and shelf life of products optimized using this technology.
Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae poses a growing challenge to global public health. Although this bacterium has been widely studied, the enzyme thiamine phosphate synthase, essential for its metabolism, lacks an experimentally resolved three-dimensional structure. This study aimed to identify compounds with inhibitory potential against ThiL using structure prediction and molecular docking tools. The 3D structure was modeled using AlphaFold2 and its active site was adjusted based on homologous templates. Bioactive compounds from the Zinc20 and PubChem databases were virtually screened and their binding affinities were evaluated using AutoDock Vina. The results highlighted Bindarit as a potential inhibitor, exhibiting higher binding affinity (-9.78 kcal/mol) than the natural ligands. These findings suggest its potential as a targeted antimicrobial therapy. Further validation through in vitro and in vivo experiments is recommended.
This systematic review examines the evolution of digital competencies among secondary school students through a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. A dual-phase methodology combining bibliometric analysis via VOSviewer software with systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines across four major databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Dimensions) was used. From 677 initial records, 87 studies were selected after rigorous screening and quality assessment procedures. Bibliometric analysis revealed distinctive temporal patterns, with research interest peaking in 2023 (39 publications), followed by stabilization phases. Geographical distribution revealed an Indonesian predominance (30 publications), with substantial European engagement and moderate participation from major educational systems. The systematic review identified a predominant focus on technical skills development (9 studies) and didactic competencies (10 studies), revealing critical gaps in information literacy and digital citizenship components (2 studies each). Analysis of twenty representative studies through innovative synthesis tables demonstrated remarkable framework diversity, ranging from AI-based interventions to specialized subject-specific models, indicating the need for context-specific adaptations rather than universal approaches. Author collaboration network analysis revealed interconnected research clusters and specialized communities, whereas keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed four primary thematic areas: educational technology and digital transformation, teaching methods and professional development, demographic and human factors, and learning and curriculum integration. The findings indicate that during the 2020 to 2025 period, digital competency research evolved from reactive pandemic responses to systematic investigations of development mechanisms. This evolution revealed preexisting theoretical fragmentation in established frameworks, underscoring the need for more sophisticated approaches that accommodate contextual variation.
