This study develops a modular CNN encoder–decoder framework for single-image dehazing by replacing the conventional bottleneck with interchangeable token-mixing modules such as FNet, Spatial-FNet, MLP-Mixer, and gMLP-style designs. The pipeline integrates adaptive preprocessing (CLAHE and histogram matching), photometric augmentations, and training on a controlled subset of the SOTS dataset. Comprehensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations demonstrate substantial improvements over a baseline CNN, with mean PSNR increasing from approximately 18.4 dB to the 23.0–24.0 dB range and SSIM rising from about 0.75 to roughly 0.89–0.91. However, several variants require careful hyperparameter selection and loss-weight tuning to achieve stable performance. The results offer practical guidance for deployment in real-world vision systems.
The rapid growth of the culinary industry in Garut Regency, particularly within the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector, has intensified competition and increased the need for businesses to maintain long-term sustainability. One notable phenomenon is the rising popularity of the MSME Bakso Ciwang Mang Ono, which went viral on social media despite the absence of a structured digital marketing strategy, yet remains able to sustain sales performance and consumer loyalty. This phenomenon indicates that business sustainability is not solely determined by economic factors but is also influenced by social, operational, and environmental dimensions. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the business sustainability of Bakso Ciwang Mang Ono in Garut Regency. The research employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative analysis using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with qualitative data obtained through observation and interviews. The research sample consists of 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling, specifically consumers who have made at least two purchases and are active users of social media. The CFA results reveal seven key factors influencing business sustainability: service and consumption experience, operational consistency, social factors, transparency and hygiene, product information, material efficiency, and community acceptance. Among these, service and consumption experience emerged as the most dominant factor. These findings reinforce the Triple Bottom Line concept, which emphasizes the integration of economic, social, and environmental aspects in the sustainability of culinary MSMEs. This study provides practical implications for MSME practitioners to prioritize service quality, operational consistency, and resource efficiency to ensure business sustainability in the digital era.
This study aims to examine the influence of self-efficacy and soft skills on the work readiness of new graduates of Garut University. The study applies a quantitative approach with an associative method to see the relationship between variables based on systematically collected numerical data. The population of this study was 421 fresh graduates of Garut University in 2025, both employed and unemployed graduates. The research sample consisted of 85 respondents taken using a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method with the criteria of Garut University undergraduate graduates of the class of 2025. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale to measure respondents' responses to the research variables. The data obtained were then analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.0 application with the PLS-SEM method. The results of the study revealed that self-efficacy has a positive and significant influence on the work readiness of new graduates of Garut University, with a path coefficient value of 0.382, a t-statistic value of 2.574, and a p-value of 0.010. In addition, soft skills also have a positive and significant influence on work readiness, with a path coefficient value of 0.561, a t-statistic value of 4.038, and a p-value of 0.000. Thus, it can be concluded that new graduates with high self-efficacy and good soft skills will have more optimal work readiness in facing the world of work.
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in local economic development, yet many face challenges in cash management that may affect liquidity and business continuity. This study aims to analyze the 2025 cash flow of Joejoe Creative, an SME in Garut Regency, and to assess its liquidity condition using a quantitative descriptive case-study approach. The analysis applies the indirect method under PSAK 207 (formerly PSAK 2) and evaluates operating, investing, and financing cash flows, free cash flow, the operating-cash-flow-to-net-income ratio, investment-to-operating-cash-flow ratio, free-cash-flow-to-operating-cash-flow ratio, and cash growth. Current ratio and cash ratio are not calculated because the financial statements report zero current liabilities, which makes those ratios not meaningful for this case. The results show positive operating cash flow of Rp785,274,053, investment cash outflow of Rp49,431,912, no financing cash flow, and positive free cash flow of Rp735,842,141. Cash increased from Rp585,218,159 to Rp1,321,060,300 during 2025. These findings indicate strong internal cash generation, substantial liquidity reserves, and the ability to finance recorded investment from internally generated cash. The results are descriptive for the 2025 period and should not be interpreted as a statistical prediction of future liquidity
The rapid development of digital technology has significantly changed educational practices in Indonesia, particularly through the increasing use of gadgets in teaching and learning. While gadgets provide easier access to information, learning flexibility, and opportunities to strengthen digital literacy, their intensive use also creates challenges for character education and the internalization of national values. This paper aims to discuss the challenges of Indonesian education in balancing the use of gadgets with the development of national character in the digital era. Using a conceptual and discussion approach, the paper reviews relevant literature, previous studies, and national education policies related to character education, digital learning, gadget use, and the Pancasila Student Profile. The discussion highlights the ambivalent role of gadgets in education. Digital technology can support independent and effective learning, but unmanaged use may reduce direct social interaction and create challenges in developing discipline, empathy, responsibility, and social awareness. The paper argues that the main educational challenge is not whether gadgets should be used, but how digital technology can be integrated with character education and national values. Indonesian education therefore requires an adaptive approach that combines digital literacy, responsible technology use, educator role modelling, social interaction, and the strengthening of Pancasila values.
