Universitas Semarang

This study aims to identify the most effective social media platforms for digital marketing. The use of social media for promotion continues to grow, yet many businesses still struggle to determine which platforms have the greatest impact. Therefore, this study compares the performance of various machine learning platforms to predict the best platform. The algorithms used are Gradient Boosting Regressor, XGBoost Regressor, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) to estimate digital conversion potential based on user reviews, ad reach, and content trend patterns. A Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) workflow is used to identify the most important key factors. This process includes data preprocessing, TF-IDF feature extraction, sentiment analysis, feature engineering, and feature elimination (RFE). The results showed that the CNN algorithm excelled in prediction, with the highest R² score of 0.74 and the lowest RMSE of 14.78. CNN predictions showed YouTube topping the list in terms of conversion potential, followed by Facebook and TikTok. These results highlight the higher promotional effectiveness of video-based platforms and the importance of machine learning in digital marketing decision-making. However, this study is limited by its reliance on static user review and ad reach data, which may not fully capture the dynamic changes of social media platforms.

This study aims to analyze unfair business competition practices and their resolution mechanisms in government procurement of goods and services in Indonesia using Lawrence M. Friedman's legal system theoretical framework. The study method used is normative legal research with a legislative, conceptual, and case study approach, which is analyzed qualitatively through a review of legislation, decisions of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU), and relevant legal literature. Case studies were conducted by analyzing three KPPU decisions that represent patterns of tender collusion in procurement, namely the Revitalization of Taman Ismail Marzuki (TIM) Phase III case, the provision of clean water in North Lombok, and the construction of the Prabumulih Mall. The novelty of this research lies in the simultaneous integration of weaknesses in legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture to assess the effectiveness of antitrust law enforcement in the procurement sector. The results of the study show that the main obstacles to the enforcement of business competition law not only stem from regulatory loopholes and definitions of norms that are not yet operational, but are also influenced by institutional capacity constraints, weak inter-agency coordination, and a permissive culture towards collusion in procurement practices. This study emphasizes that strengthening the effectiveness of law enforcement requires practical measures such as refining the norms prohibiting collusion, integrating sanctions and a database of violations into the national e-procurement system, and strengthening the synergy between KPPU and LKPP through a post-decision monitoring mechanism to prevent repeat violations. The conclusion of the study states that regulatory reformulation, strengthening of supervisory institutions, and renewal of the culture of compliance are key prerequisites for the realization of transparent, fair, and accountable procurement governance.

The Ministry of Religious Affairs (MoRA) mandated 70% budget absorption target by July. MoRA's Central Java Province achieved 48–49% in 2022–2023. No prior research whether herding bias moderate the relationship between these structural factors and budget absorption. Study aims: analyze the direct effects of budget planning, budget revisions, and regulations on budget absorption, examine whether herding bias moderates these relationships. Grounded in Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, about behavior results from interactions between personal, behavioral, and environmental factors. Method: A quantitative, with purposive sampling of 100 respondents. Results: The absence of herding moderation is explained by the dominance of personal factors within SCT. Officers possess high competence, extensive experience and emotional stability, which enable independent decision-making. Conclusion: personal factors can override herding bias in public sector.

Financial distress is a condition of deteriorating financial health that indicates a company is experiencing financial difficulties or bankruptcy. Financial distress can be detected through financial indicators such as the Current Ratio (CR), Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), and Operating Cash Flow (OCF). This study aims to analyze the influence of CR, DER, and OCF on financial distress in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from companies’ annual financial reports. The research sample consists of 20 property and real estate companies selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis employs multiple linear regression analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the study indicate that the Current Ratio, Debt-to-Equity Ratio, and Operating Cash Flow have a significant impact on financial distress. The Current Ratio helps explain a company’s ability to meet its short-term obligations, thereby reducing the risk of financial distress. The Debt-to-Equity Ratio influences financial distress because high levels of debt increase the risk of financial difficulties for the company. Meanwhile, Operating Cash Flow has a significant effect because the ability to generate cash flow from operating activities is a key indicator in maintaining a company’s operational sustainability. The findings of this study imply that liquidity, capital structure, and the ability to generate Operating Cash Flow are key indicators in predicting a company’s potential for financial distress, particularly for companies in the property and real estate sectors.

Introduction: Legal pluralism in the health sector is an important issue in countries with high social and cultural diversity such as Indonesia and India. Both countries have dual legal systems that combine state formal law with customary law that lives in communities, and the regulation and implementation of health services in practice are often colored by overlapping authority, local cultural values, and differing views on the legitimacy of traditional healing. This phenomenon poses challenges in realizing justice, access, and equity in health services. Purposes of the Research: This research aims to examine in depth the relationship and dynamics between the customary law system and the formal legal system in the context of health law in Indonesia and India. This study seeks to identify forms of interaction, potential conflicts, and opportunities for harmonization between the two legal systems in regulating traditional medicine practices and modern health services. Methods of the Research: This research uses a qualitative approach with comparative study methods and normative legal analysis. Data was collected through literature studies and analysis of laws and regulations. This approach allows mapping the relationship between customary norms and formal law and their influence on national health policy. Results of the Research: The results show that both Indonesia and India face similar challenges in integrating customary law systems with formal health laws. In Indonesia, customary law is constitutionally recognized but has not been fully integrated into health regulations. In India, traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and Unani gained stronger legal recognition. The study underscores the importance of an inclusive model of legal pluralism to ensure the protection of public health without neglecting local wisdom.