UPN "Veteran" East Java, located in Surabaya with a population of 5,000,000 people, is one of the State Universities in Indonesia which was established on July 5, 1959. UPN "Veteran" in East Java is a very large institution with 20,000 students from various provinces in Indonesia as well as foreign students. UPN “Veteran” in East Java was founded by veterans of freedom fighters as a living monument to the development of education in Indonesia. In its development, UPN "Veteran" in East Java has undergone several name and status changes. This 63-year-old Indonesian university has a selective admission policy based on entrance exams. An acceptance rate range of 0-10% makes this Indonesian higher education organization a highly selective institution. International applicants are eligible to apply. UPN also provides several academic and non-academic facilities and services to students, including libraries, dormitories, sports facilities, financial assistance and/or scholarships, study abroad and exchange programs, as well as administrative services..
In this study, Pomacea canaliculata (PC) was hydrolyzed using bromelain and trypsin to generate peptides with desirable taste properties. Hydrolysates were prepared at enzyme-to-substrate (E/S) ratios of 1:10, 1:20, and 1:100 (w/v) for 3-18 h, and analyzed for degree of hydrolysis (DH), total peptide, and amino acid content. The optimal bromelain treatment (E/S 1:10, 15 h) yielded a DH of 48.58%, total peptide content of 8.62 mg/mL, and free amino group content of 85.03 mg/L. Similarly, trypsin hydrolysis (E/S 1:10, 15 h) resulted in a DH of 56.11%, total peptide content of 6.16 mg/mL, and free amino group content of 73.71 mg/L. Sensory evaluation using hedonic testing and principal component analysis (PCA) identified these two conditions as optimal, with peptides contributing to favorable taste attributes. Overall, PC hydrolysate exhibits promising potential as a natural flavor enhancer for food industry applications. [GRAPHICS]
IntroductionInfluenza A (H5N1) remains a major public health concern due to its high pathogenicity and ongoing viral evolution, underscoring the need for novel antiviral candidates.MethodsIn this study, we performed an integrated in silico evaluation of organosulfur compounds derived from Allium ascalonicum L. (shallot) cultivated in the Tolaki-Mekongga region, Sulawesi, Indonesia, targeting key viral proteins including polymerase (PB2), nucleoprotein (NP), and neuraminidase (NA). ResultsDensity functional theory (DFT) analyses were conducted to characterize the electronic properties of the compounds, while PASS prediction indicated moderate potential antiviral activity for Propanethiol and Dipropyl disulfide. Pharmacokinetic profiling suggested acceptable ADMET properties for several candidates. Molecular docking revealed favorable binding conformations across all targets, with γ-glutamyl-S-propenylcysteine exhibiting the most favorable binding energies among the evaluated organosulfur compounds (PB2: -4.9 kcal/mol; NP: -5.8 kcal/mol; NA: -5.2 kcal/mol). These values were comparable to those of oseltamivir and favipiravir for NP and NA, although weaker binding was observed against PB2. Subsequent simulations of molecular dynamics demonstrated stable protein–ligand complexes over 100 ns, further supporting the predicted binding interactions. Consistently, MM-GBSA calculations indicated favorable binding free energies, particularly for γ-glutamyl-S-propenylcysteine (PB2: -30.52 ± 0.29 kcal/mol; NP: -22.76 ± 0.12 kcal/mol; NA: -26.13 ± 0.35 kcal/mol). ConclusionOverall, these findings suggest that shallot-derived organosulfur compounds, especially γ-glutamyl-S-propenylcysteine, exhibit potential for interaction with H5N1 viral targets and may warrant further investigation as antiviral candidates. Experimental validation through in vitro and in vivo studies is required to confirm their biological activity and therapeutic potential.
This study examines the elastic–plastic contact behavior between two hemispheres under varying diameter ratios, with a focus on the influence of base flexibility. The finite element method is used to analyze both rigid and deformable base conditions. Brass, which possesses elastic-perfectly plastic properties, is the material used in this study. The upper hemisphere has a constant diameter, whereas the lower hemisphere has a variable diameter. The results show that deformable bases exhibit greater lateral displacement and can distribute stress uniformly, thereby reducing peak stress zones. The deviation in maximum contact pressure between the deformable and rigid bases remains below 1
Partisipasi politik konvensional di Indonesia mengalami penurunan seiring melemahnya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga pemerintahan, mendorong beralihnya aspirasi politik ke saluran non-konvensional seperti media sosial. Instagram menjadi platform utama generasi muda dalam mengakses informasi politik, termasuk melalui akun edukasi politik seperti @malakaproject.id. Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara kualitas informasi pada akun Instagram @malakaproject.id dengan partisipasi politik online para followers-nya menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode survei. Sebanyak 100 responden dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling melalui Google Form. Kualitas informasi diukur menggunakan tiga dimensi Huang et al. (1998) yang dioperasionalkan ke dalam enam indikator: akurasi, objektivitas, kredibilitas, kelengkapan, relevansi, dan kejelasan. Partisipasi politik online diukur berdasarkan tipologi dari Teorell et al. (2007) yang mencakup demonstrasi online, penandatanganan atau pembagian petisi secara online, bergabung dalam grup diskusi politik online, serta menghubungi politisi secara online. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan nilai r = 0,408 dengan signifikansi p = 0,000 (p < 0,05) yang mengindikasikan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara kualitas informasi akun Instagram @malakaproject.id dengan partisipasi politik online followers-nya. Temuan ini selaras dengan premis rute sentral dalam Elaboration Likelihood Model (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) bahwa pemrosesan pesan berkualitas tinggi secara kritis menghasilkan perubahan sikap yang lebih stabil dan mendorong keterlibatan perilaku nyata, termasuk partisipasi politik online.
This study examines the relationship between economic growth, energy consumption, and environmental degradation in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Indonesia, three Southeast Asian members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Using annual data from 1992 to 2021, it applies an Error Correction Model (ECM) and Granger causality tests to separate short-run dynamics from long-run equilibrium relationships among CO₂ emissions, GDP per capita, and energy consumption. Short-run results indicate that energy consumption significantly increases CO₂ emissions in Indonesia and Malaysia, while GDP per capita has a positive and significant effect in Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam. The error correction term is negative and significant for Indonesia and Malaysia, confirming adjustment toward long-run equilibrium, whereas Brunei Darussalam shows weaker adjustment, reflecting structural heterogeneity across countries. Granger causality findings further reveal cross-country differences in the causal links between energy use and GDP growth. In the long run, Indonesia and Malaysia display strong positive associations among GDP per capita, energy consumption, and CO₂ emissions, implying that sustained growth under fossil-energy dependence intensifies environmental pressures. By contrast, Brunei Darussalam does not support the conventional Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, highlighting the non-universality of EKC patterns among ASEAN–OIC economies. Policy implications emphasise country-specific energy and environmental strategies, particularly energy efficiency and renewable energy development. Beyond the empirical model, Islamic finance instruments are positioned as complementary and interpretive mechanisms to strengthen ethical environmental stewardship and support sustainable development.
