Since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis,the world's geopolitical forces have been divided and reorganized.China,the United States and Russia have different positions and strategies,and the energy competition among the three has promoted the profound evolution of the international energy order.The United States and Russia are the main stakeholders in this energy competi-tion,China is a key player in the China-US-Russian trilateral relationship,and occupies an important position in international energy governance.At present,the price of the international energy market is turbulent,a new round of energy crisis is spreading in the world,and the global energy landscape is transforming and reshaping.China must speed up the improvement of the modern en-ergy supply system and actively promote the global energy transformation and reshaping.
Under the impetus of capital,western modernization has successively completed industrial revolution,electric revo-lution,chemical revolution and information revolution.Accordingly,it has brought about profound changes in social production mode,production relations forms and people's lifestyles,consumption patterns,communication modes,education methods,social administration mode,and way of thinking,and has promoted the progress of human civilization.At the same time,people's devel-opment is increasingly dependent on the scientific and technological revolution and the renewal of production tools.People's domi-nant position is missing.People are subject to the logic of capital appreciation and the need for hegemony.The difference between Chinese modernization and western modernization is that Chinese modernization not only follows the general law of modernization construction,but also has Chinese characteristics.Among them,the modernization construction and the all-round development of human beings are the proper meaning and substantive progress in the construction of Chinese modernization.Constructing the theory of human modernization construction is one of the important contents of the theoretical system of Chinese modernization.It has great theoretical and practical significance.
In addition to the allocation of legal resources,the construction of the rule of law also requires attention to the con-temporary manifestation of Confucian practices.Particularly,the elaboration of the importance of family ethics in Confucianism can be utilized to establish relatives'immunity from evidence.Family ethics may not necessarily exist only within the home,and can e-ven be manifested outside the home through spillover pathways,with both positive and negative images.In the face of the latter,public opinion has expressed resistance of other Confucian concepts.The Confucian tradition of behavioral interactions has become an inherent part of public opinion.These various occurrences are triggered by the engine of the law.Confucian practices and the construction of the rule of law are jointly shaping the contemporary social atmosphere,and peoples daily routines are intertwined with Confucian texts.By transforming the fragmented thinking and cultural epistemology during the period of social transformation into associative thinking and the theory of cultural self-cultivation,through the examination of specific cases,it can be observed that Confucianism's participation in the rule of law generally follows two approaches:social constructivism and spontaneous genera-tion theory.
In the course of more than 100 years of historical evolution in East Asia,Japan's"facing the mainland"and Rus-sia's"facing the east"have both conflicts at the war level and cooperation in the strategic interests.Each conflict and confrontation is a deepening of mutual understanding between the two sides,and Japan's research on Russia also constantly deepens along with the development of each other's interests and strategic needs.Based on Japan's research on Russia from the perspective of security and established in Japanese literature materials,this paper sorts out and analyzes Japan's research results on Russia's frontier his-tory and geography and on the strategic level,presenting a review which is helpful to sort out the source of power and realistic strate-gic considerations of Japan's research on Russia in history.
Ecology is the systematic relationship between human and environment.Capitalism has destroyed the ecological envi-ronment,led to global ecological problems and threatened the survival of mankind.Marx's ecological thoughts was formed in the era of industrial revolution.It has gone through the stages of germination,formation and maturity,paid attention to the ecological prob-lems of capitalism,analyzed the institutional roots of the ecological crisis,explored the path to solve the ecological crisis,and re-quired to grasp the relationship between human and nature from practice.There is a natural connection between human and nature.Capitalism has led to the opposition between human and nature,made human beings to constantly demand from nature,improved productivity and destroyed ecological balance.Marx's ecological thoughts is foreseeable and forward-looking,holistic and system-atic,sustainable and practical,which can guide the construction of ecological civilization in China,establish a beautiful China,and achieve sustainable development.
The existence problem of the legal system is a necessary premise of any definition of the legal system,and also a the-oretical proposition throughout the legal positivism.Whether as a substantive and ontological research subject,or as a method for studying and analyzing,legal positivism requires the presupposition or recognition of the existence of a legal system to answer ques-tions such as"how does legal normalization arise".From Austin,Kelsen,Hart to Raz,the problem of whether a legal system exists will depend on how to define"law"or interpret the nature of law.After the Hart-Dworkin debate,a principle derived from con-structive interpretation has been incorporated into the legal system,which can further extend and reinforce the formers viewpoint.Therefore,as an institutionalized system,only when the law is generally abided by and obeyed to a certain extent,can a legal sys-tem become a unity of norms.
Composing poetry in the Spring and Autumn Period is a kind of verbal behaviors which express ambition and realize potential purpose by composing poetry on various occasions,mainly diplomatic occasions.As an indirect verbal behavior,composing poetry in the spring and Autumn period is actually a process in which the poet's ambition and purpose are indirectly realized.Under the surface of entertainment and politeness,they hide the real purpose of asking for help or forming an alliance.The successful real-ization of the poet's intention or purpose is accomplished under the joint action of many factors,such as proper way of speaking,fa-miliarity with the poem and deep understanding of The Book of Songs.Composing poetry in the Spring and Autumn Period is a uni-versal symbol of China people's way of speaking,which has a far-reaching influence on China literature and culture in later gener-ations.In addition,in the deep-seated way of thinking,there is a close relationship between the principle of composing poems that songs and poems must be similar to that of later generations.
Up to now,the study of Redology has gone through different historical periods of pre-Redology,old Redology,new Redology and contemporary Redology,and formed many different schools and branches of disciplines.A Dream of Red Mansions is a novel,a full-length novel,and an excellent realistic literary work.It is a historical dislocation that literary works use the method of Confucian Classics Studies instead of the research method of literature.As long as it is admitted that A Dream of Red Mansions is a novel and a literary work,according to the characteristics of literary works,the law of creation and other research.according to the characteristics,composing rules and other researches of literary works to explore,everything in A Dream of Red Mansions is written clearly,there is no such thing as a mystery.Considering A Dream of Red Mansions as a novel and studying it according to the characteristics of novel,from the perspective of theoretical system,it belongs to Modern Literature and Art.The Redology under the Theroy of Literature and Art has led the study of Redology from the wrong path of Confucian Classics Studies to the right path,it has greatly broadened the scope of the study of Redology,and has made remarkable achievements,forming a modern Redology,so that Redology can get more healthy development.
As one of the representative figures of rational choice institutionalism,Elinor Ostrom is based on her profound under-standing of the issue of institutional supply and focuses on human ability to solve the dilemma of collective action and has explored another path to solve the problem of public goods supply and get out of many difficulties caused by collective action.That is,Thought of Self-Governance has broken through the set pattern of collective action theory,expanded existing institutional theory,provided theoretical guidance for the sustainable use of resources by the occupiers of common pond resources in real situations,and laid the foundation for the multi center model of public governance.Elinor Ostrom's related achievements have made researchers no longer insist on the privatization of individual property rights through government regulation or external imposition,which is the only way to avoid the"tragedy of the commons".Therefore,they have important theoretical significance,including the change of tradi-tional collective action theory,the expansion of traditional institutional analysis perspective,the improvement of rational choice in-stitutionalism,and the foundation stone of polycentric governance theory.
;Mei Cheng's two Remonstrance Letters to the King of Wu,from subtle and euphemistic to straightforward and forth-right,embodys rich spirits and correct principles.It is Mei Cheng that warns the king of Wu to make the right judgment and choice.The first'seven-style'originated from it,depicting in a fictional way,through the ancient and modem,covering the landscape of the world with grand and majestic style,full of'strange and weird things'complicated and confusing mysterious atmosphere.Through the dialogue between host and guest,this literary form deduces the philosophy of life,expounds the true meaning of live,and expresses deep thinking about the universe and life.The seven-style essay is a kind of work that admonishes people to live ac-tively and satirizes the corruption and incompetence of officials,which is an improvement compared to previous works.The"nine miscellaneous poems of Mei Cheng"has yet to be verified,which is unique in the history of literature."Ornate Language,Model Article".withoutany doubt,is really a very appropriate sentence to understand Mei Cheng.
The naming of characters in classical novels embodies the author's likes and dislikes.A Dream of Red Mansions is named after"jade"for"three jades of Red Mansions".It indicates the characteristics of both external and internal beauty,and on the other hand,it signifies the coexistence of vulgarity and detachment.While the psychological and cultural basis for the formation of the reclusive personality of the"three jades"is the inner beauty and detachment.In terms of the form of seclusion,the"three jades of Red Mansions"should be classified as city seclusion and heart seclusion.Jia Baoyu is secluded in the boudoir,Lin Daiyu is secluded in poetry and literature,Miaoyu is secluded in Buddhism,and the Grand View Garden is a paradise where his reclusive personality can be fully realized.The seclusion complex and reclusive personality of the"three jades"are the result of alienation and evasion from the secular society and its values,and therefore are constantly defamed and suppressed by the secular society,ulti-mately ending in tragedy.The life tragedy of"three jades"is the sad melody the world for the individual who pursues spiritual free-dom and life transcendence to be a hermit but not a hermit under the social and cultural system that has lost its vitality and inclu-siveness,which can be used as a reference for those who'make the family harmony'and'govern the country'.
Under the background of population aging,the financing problem of social pension service institutions in China has become increasingly prominent.financing problems of social pension service organizations become increasingly prominent,and the development of digital inclusive finance provides convenience for its financing.Based on panel data collected from pension institu-tions across 31 provinces from 2014 to 2021,this paper finds that the development of digital inclusive finance has a significant posi-tive effect on the supply of social pension service institutions,and digital inclusive finance promotes the supply of social pension service institutions.At the same time,after introducing a control variable of government policy intervention,it is found that there is a negative correlation between social pension service institutions and government policy intervention.The research conclusion of this paper provides new evidence for the influence of the development of digital inclusive finance on the mechanism of social pension,and also has important implications for the policy of the elderly care industry.
Chuang Tzu is a model of integrating philosophy and literature,and there are many comments in past dynasties.Al-though the exploration of its literary factors was covered in the pre-Qin period,it was not fully developed until the Song Dynasty,and it became an important period for the development of Chuang Tzu's literary criticism.On the basis of predecessors'research,the Song people put forward many new opinions on the discourse structure,literary technique,the meaning of"San Yan"in Chuang Tzu.They not only made in-depth discussions on chapter naming,structural layout,literary thinking and righteousness,but also conducted multi-angle thinking and research on the emotion,literary trend,brushwork,style and rules of Chuang Tzu's creation.Although their views are not conclusive,their interpretation has promoted the literary exploration and development of Chuang Tzu.
With systematic use of the archives of Yenching University,the construction process of residential compounds of Yenching University can be restored.In the planning and initial construction phase of the residential compounds,the trustees,the school,the architects and the teachers have repeatedly disagreed.Although the trustees prefer Chinese style residences,the archi-tect Henry E.Hill was lack of relevant experience.Stuart gave the choice to teachers,and the foreign style buildings in the East Compound and South Compound were completed before Autumn 1926.After the school moved to the new address,the South Com-pound expanded on a large scale,Chinese style architecture became mainstream,and the residential compounds formed a pattern of"East and West".This is because of the success of new architect Charles Thunder in improving the design of Chinese style resi-dences,as well as the efforts of foreign teachers such as Bliss Wiant who love Chinese culture.The school also had considerations of saving money and respecting the differences between Chinese and Western living habits.During the"Isolated Island"period from 1937 to 1941,the school purchased residence No.50 and the Ching Ch'un Yuan,thus laid the foundation for today's Peking Uni-versity campus.Then,the residence compounds suffered the destruction by the Japanese army,and experienced the post-war res-toration,as well as the division and redistribution in 1950,leaving a rich legacy for Peking University.
买卖型担保是一种非典型担保,其担保功能的实现严重依赖于买卖合同预期收益以及买卖合同的可执行性.由于无法控制债务人转让买卖合同标的物,与典型担保相比,债权人需要承担更大的风险.《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷适用法律若干问题的规定》(法释[2020]17号)第23条忽视了买卖型担保功能实现的特殊性,过分高估了债务人利益受损问题.买卖型担保明显不同于让与担保,与流质流押也存在本质区别,实质上是附有债务人选择权的清偿合意,债务人可以利用选择权充分保障自身利益.应当建立健全买卖型担保的登记制度,进一步强化债权人对买卖合同标的物的控制力.债务人未按期清偿债务时,应当准许债权人诉请强制履行买卖合同.
苏州潘氏宗族通过科举考试由商转士,长期秉持"经世致用"精神,族中为官者在京城经营仕途长达百余年.其中,潘世恩、潘祖荫祖孙二人为潘氏的京官典型,他们为官谨慎,重视人才,不结派系,受到清帝信任,因而成为苏州本族经营的重要政治依靠.不过,潘祖荫固守传统的"经世"观念,未意识到西方资本主义浪潮冲击带来的深层危机.潘祖荫身后,苏州潘氏再无入朝为官者,其本族也随之衰落,转而涉足实业以谋生,甚至成为辛亥革命的支持者.在清代官僚体制下,苏州潘氏的"为官"与"兴族"密切相关,但由于清末族中京官后继无人,科举制废除,其宗族发展模式被迫转型.
以苏轼、 黄庭坚、 米芾、 文同、 惠崇为代表的元祐文士,通过书法中成熟的实践经验和理论资源,用之于士夫画创作,并以画上题跋或题画诗导夫先路,尝试进行一种新的美学精神创生和实践操练,从而展开了一场"笔墨运动",他们以"写"为名,通过书法笔画之演绎变化与笔墨表现阈值之拓展让绘画从存形到存象产生了内在美学肌理转化和意义世界重构."写"是文人画理论产生初期的一个重要的文艺思想范畴,通过对元祐文士题画诗中"写"字义涵考察分析,有助于构建具有中国特色的绘画阐释理论,对当下中国绘画创作有着重要的启发价值.
青铜乐钟是周代的代表性乐器,与周代雅乐的形成密切相关.西周甬钟作为周代雅乐的主奏乐器,与新石器时代的文明遗迹有着明确的传承关系,融合了黄河、长江两条大河流域的文明成果.在西周甬钟发展演进过程中呈现出来的时空框架、区域差异、文明演进道路差异等表现和动因,对研究周代雅乐的发展与中国古代艺术精神的形成具有基础性、启示性的作用.青铜乐钟与周代雅乐的发展充分体现了中华文明尊重传统的连续性、善于融合的创新性、不断进步的卓越性这些突出特征.
古代文论有些内容随着时间流逝已失去生命力,有些则依然具有活性."艳""丽"范畴就属于这种情况,其不仅在古代有重要的理论价值,还可有效阐释中国及其他国家现当代文学作品,如中俄美小说《红牡丹》《安娜·卡列尼娜》《飘》.这三部小说都出现了两姝对立的情况,即女主角美艳反叛,行为不符合社会道德规范,体现"艳"的特点;次要女主角文雅大方,举止得体,具有"丽"的特征.在一般社会中,"丽"人淑女受到更多肯定;在传统向现代转变时期,由于新旧制度的转变和文化冲突,"艳"女因张扬个性、反对压制,符合社会发展趋势而具有一定的积极意义,也因此成为文学史上一类经典女性形象.
中国式现代化不同于西方资本主义现代化,本质上是对西方资本主义现代化的超越.评价中国式现代化实质上是评价中国式现代化对西方资本主义现代化的超越性.依据质性评价标准,人民至上是中国式现代化的根本评价标准;经济方面的高质量发展、政治方面的全过程人民民主、文化方面的人民精神世界丰富、社会方面的全体人民共同富裕、生态方面的人与自然和谐共生共同构成中国式现代化的综合评价标准;人类文明新形态是中国式现代化的最高评价标准.达到这些质性评价标准有利于科学认识和准确把握中国式现代化对西方资本主义现代化的超越性,从而树立中国式现代化为世界提供新理念、新目标的道路自信,为构建人类命运共同体提供中国式现代化的中国方案和中国智慧.
