华蘅芳系统翻译了近代西方科技理论,他翻译的西方科技理论主要集中在数学、军事学、地质学、矿物学、气象学和其他工程技术等领域.在数学领域的翻译,内容比以往更深更难;在军事学、地质学、矿物学、气象学和工程技术领域的译介工作,则是诸多该领域科技翻译的嚆矢.华蘅芳的科技翻译工作不仅具有继承性,而且还具有开创性,为后来的科学研究和科学教育奠定了理论基础.本文将从科学思想史的视角,探赜华蘅芳在科技翻译方面作出的贡献和华蘅芳科技翻译的思想史意义,以及对清末科学与教育的影响.
译论家个案研究是翻译理论史研究的一条重要途径.改革开放以来中国现代译学的发展离不开译论家们的贡献,他们是研究和撰写这段翻译理论史绕不过去的人物,王宏印便是其中一位.王宏印集翻译家、诗人、学者于一身,耕耘译苑40余载,译作频出,译论踵现,译学常思,硕果累累,为中国现代译学的发展和建设作出了重要贡献.他一生大部分时间做翻译、教翻译、研究翻译,形成了具有个人特色的翻译思想、译学思想和治学方法,具有译论家个案研究的典型性.本文尝试以中国改革开放以来40余年的译学发展历程为背景,对王宏印翻译研究历程进行分期,梳理其不同阶段的研究领域和研究特征,探究其翻译研究与中国改革开放以来现代译学发展的互动,以期彰显王宏印独特的翻译研究历程,为全面梳理他的翻译思想、译学思想、治学特征和治学方法提供历时视角.
模因是文化传播的单位,指经过复制模仿得以相传的思想观点.口译(超)模因是对口译认识论和口译理论的概括.过程是口译研究中最具影响力的超模因.过程超模因秉持广义的口译过程观,从学理上打破了狭义口译过程观的桎梏.本文从模因的角度探讨过程与口译研究,首先介绍口译模因和超模因的基本内容,结合口译模因的进化性梳理口译过程观的演变,提炼口译研究中的过程理念和过程路径,并探讨口译研究的学科逻辑.
Fang Mengzhi,a respected scholar in translation studies,has put forward a series of significant translation theories,including the “One Body,Three Rings” Theory,and made great contributions to the development of Pragmatic Translation Studies and the discourse system of translation studies of China. This paper explores Prof. Fang’s major contributions to and profound influences on the development of translation studies in China by summarizing and sorting out his enlightening thinking in translation research,translation theory and translation discipline,so as to provide reference for the future study of Fang Mengzhi’s translation thoughts.
Based on the design features of language and principles of translation,this paper discusses the revivification method for the translation of Chinese culture-loaded words,exemplified by Nanman,Beidi,Xirong and Dongyi,and the retention of their narrative effects in the context of narrative functions. Supported by a contrastive analysis of the relative benefits of the revivification method over the existing transliteration and paraphrase,it accounts for the feasibility of the new method by resorting to the metaphorical mechanism of language,which can better fulfil the translation principles of faithfulness and expressiveness.
