分析开放大学建设的系统性和地方性，指出基层电大转型决策冲突主要表现在以下几个方面：1.开放大学系统与地方社会系统的关系融合问题；2.开放大学系统内部的顶层与基层利益协调问题；3.开放大学系统顶层设计同质化与基层异质化的矛盾问题，并针对上述问题指出相应破解对策。

新常态是打破原来固有的状态而产生的一种新的、更加具有生命力且相对稳定的状态。文章阐述了基层电大转型发展视角的新常态，分析了基层电大面临的几个突出问题，并提出了基层电大转型发展的具体对策：科学定位，做好办学顶层设计；创新体制，发挥电大系统优势；服务社会，增强办学竞争实力；提高质量，打造电大办学品牌。

德国农民职业教育最明显的特点在于农民职业教育法律制度比较完善,双元制教育模式突出施教主体在教育过程中的互动作用,绿色资格证书制度能有效规范从业资格.基于制度驱动视角,在汲取德国农民职业教育成功经验的同时,必须注意的是联系国情实际和体制因素,进行农民职业教育制度创新.

农民性格特质、价值取向和文化品格等国民性特征对农民教育的方式和效果有很大的影响,中国农民的国民性有着极其鲜明的特点.对农民本身特性和文化心理的了解和把握,是保证农民教育工作顺利有效展开的前提条件.

The rural construction movement and farmer education movement developed in modern China has a profound international background factors,at the same time,it is also the reality requirement of social development and educational reform in the period of the Republic of China.In their advance,the movement of rural construction and farmer education was begun in the round.

Effectively designing of college career is the scientific development sign of college employment guidance.Successful career planning needs the support of scientific theories.Colleges and universities should explore the basic principles of ecology and guide the use of career planning.Colleges and universities should build an open,complex career planning education ecosystem,a personal-school-socio-ecological chain;integrate all of the educational resources,develop a career navigation education,and strengthen the vocational training for students.

针对传统导游培养模式与社会要求的脱节的问题,以现代教育思想为指导,以系统理论为基础,以技能型导游人才为培养方向,从社会需求、教学模式、教师队伍建设的角度,提出了技能型导游人才系统改革与实践的方法。

By means of electrophysiology, to observe the effects of pyridine on antennary potentials of antennule isolated from the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii),the results are as follows: Pyridine inhibits evidently the discharges of antennary potentials of the crayfish, which causes the duration short and the amplitude low, phasic discharges reduced even vanished, the frequency of discharges decreased, too. Linear regression equation shows the relationship between the frequency of antennary potentials and time, which b value is related with the concentration of pyridine, the higher the concentration is, the larger the b value is. The inhibition that antennary potentials of the crayfish are gotten by pyridine is related to the weight of individuals, but has nothing to do with sex.

To explore the accumulation ability of V.ziza-nioides to Cd,Ct,Pb and Ni,the aseptic seedling of V.zizanioides from tissue culture were used as experiment materials.The metal contents,relativity between metal and V.zizanioides,accumulation of metal in V.zizanioides,and the detained percentage_of metal in root were measured respectively.The results showed that V.ziza-nioides has high accumulation ability to all of the four heavy metals;The metal element contents of V.zizanioides in sequence were NiCrPbCd.The divided contents sequence between leaf-stem were root were rootleaf-stem.The significant relativity in Cd contents of V.zizanioides was found.There was a negative correlation between accumulation coefficient and concentration of metal,and it was the most evident to Ni.The detained percentage of Cr in root was considered as the highest.but to the same metal,with the change of its concentration,the detained percentage is nearly permanent to V.zizanioides.

为了解催根对香根草成活率及生长的影响,采用浸根、浆根、水培、沙植和稻壳培植五种催根方法,分别给予除氯自来水和25 mg/L IAA两种条件,在定植前对香根草进行处理,与对照组进行对比试验.结果表明:各种催根方法都能有效提高成活率和草苗的日均生长高度;IAA的效果最佳;IAA能促进新根的产生、生长,以浆根+IAA最明显;从定植后草苗的长势看,IAA的效果更明显,以浆根+IAA最好.综上所述,定植前对草苗进行催根处理是必要的,以25 mg/LIAA浆根效果最好,而且简便易行.