Hypochlorous acid (HClO/HOCl) is a reactive oxygen species closely associated with immune defense and oxidative stress-related pathology, creating demand for fast and convenient analytical tools for its detection in environmental and biological matrices. Herein, a coumarin-derived fluorescent probe (XDS) was synthesized by condensing a coumarin aldehyde with a benzothiazolium salt. XDS exhibited an obvious color change (purple to colorless) and a turn-on fluorescence response toward HClO in a DMSO/PBS (3 : 7, v/v, pH 7.4) system. Under optimized conditions, XDS exhibited high selectivity against common anions, biothiols, and several reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and reached its fluorescence plateau within ∼15 s after HClO addition. The probe was further integrated into a solid support format by loading it onto silica gel plates, enabling visual readout for HClO-spiked tap water, stream water, and mineral water samples. In addition, XDS was applied to fluorescence imaging of exogenous HClO in HepG2 cells and to adult zebrafish imaging following chemical stimulation. These results support the potential of XDS as a rapid dual-mode (colorimetric/fluorescent) platform for HClO sensing in aqueous samples and biological systems.

Osteoporosis (OP) is an epidemic bone remodeling disorder of growing relevance with the aging population. Considering that isorhamnetin (ISO), a flavonoid derived from plant, has been newly reckoned as an active ingredient in treating OP, our paper was conducted to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of ISO in OP. CCK-8 method detected cell activity. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay kit, ALP staining and alizarin red S staining measured osteogenic differentiation. RT-qPCR and Western blot examined the expressions of osteoblast-related proteins. Wound healing and cell adhesion assays severally detected cell migration and adhesion. Also, Western blot tested the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling-associated proteins. As illustrated, after MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were stimulated to differentiate to osteoblasts, ISO markedly promoted the differentiation, mineralization, migration and adhesion of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, administration of ISO functioned as an activator of ERK-dependent BMP2-Smad signaling in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and pretreatment with ERK inhibitor PD98059 partially compensated the impacts of ISO on MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts differentiation, mineralization, migration as well as adhesion. To be summarized, ISO might activate ERK-dependent BMP2-Smad signaling to facilitate the differentiation, mineralization, migration and adhesion of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, suggesting the protective potential of ISO in OP.

Objective:To preliminarily evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary oligometastatic tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 46 patients treated with SBRT for pulmonary oligometastatic tumors from Jan 2017 to May 2018. There were 36 cases with primary pulmonary oligometastasis, 10 cases with secondary pulmonary oligometastasis. The pathological type included 31 cases of adenocarcinoma, 12 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 3 cases of others. Dosage regimen was designed as 6 MV X-ray, 48-60 Gy/4-8fx. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) rates of 1 and 2 years. The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between the prescription dose pattern, target volume, whole lungs dose and the incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis (ARP), respectively. Results:The median follow-up time was 15.5 months. OS of 1 and 2 years were 65% and 37%, respectively. There were 27 cases with grade 1 ARP (59%), 16 cases with grade 2 (35%), 3 cases with grade 3 (7%), none of grade 4 ARP. The grade of ARP was related to the dose pattern of prescription and the planning target volume ( P<0.05). Grade 2 ARP was related with whole lungs V5 ( P<0.05). Conclusions:SBRT was safe and effective in the treatment of pulmonary oligometastases. The dose pattern of prescription, planning target volume and double lung V5 were closely related to the occurrence of ARP and may become important predictors.

Ansteel Group General Hospital, Anshan, China Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China *These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors ClINICAl vIgNeTTe Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy 2022, volume 27, Number 4, pages: 756–757 DOI: 10.5603/RPOR.a2022.0077 Submitted: 10.01.2022 Accepted: 23.05.2022 © 2022 greater Poland Cancer Centre. Published by via Medica. All rights reserved. e-ISSN 2083–4640 ISSN 1507–1367

目的 运用网络药理学方法揭示葛根芩连汤治疗放射性肠炎的作用机制.方法 运用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)获取葛根芩连汤有效成分及活性成分作用靶点;运用GeneCards数据库获取放射性肠炎疾病基因;将靶点和靶标基因取交集,获得关键靶点,用String数据库对关键靶点构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络.运用DAVID 6.8数据库对关键靶点进行基因本体(GO)富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析.结果 共收集葛根芩连汤138个活性成分和8个关键作用靶点.GO富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析其主要机制是通过调控黏附斑激酶(FAK)及其信号通路,MAPK信号通路等信号通路,调节Th17细胞分化在放射性肠炎损伤修复中发挥损伤修复作用.结论 葛根芩连汤治疗放射性肠炎可能影响了放射性肠炎的免疫微环境,并调控肠道炎症反应起到治疗作用.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Weishi Huogu I (WH I) capsules, developed through traditional Chinese medicine, have been used to treat clinical osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) for decades. However, the mechanisms have not been systematically studied.AIM OF THE STUDY:In this study, the mechanisms of WH I capsules used in treating ONFH were examined through a systems pharmacology strategy, and one mechanism was validated with in vitro experiments.MATERIALS AND METHODS:WH I capsules compounds were identified by screening databases; then, a database of the potential active compounds was constructed after absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) evaluation. The compounds were identified through a systematic approach in which the probability of an interaction of every candidate compound with each corresponding target in the DrugBank database was calculated. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses of the targets was performed with the Metascape and KEGG DISEASE databases. Then, a compound-target network (C-T) and target-pathway network (T-P) of WH I capsule components were constructed, and network characteristics and related information were used for systematically identifying WH I capsule multicomponent-target interactions. Furthermore, the effects of WH I capsule compounds identified through the systematic pharmacology analysis of the osteogenic transformation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) were validated in vitro.RESULTS:In total, 152 potentially important compounds and 176 associated targets were identified. Twenty-two crucial GO biological process (BP) or pathways were related to ONFH, mainly in regulatory modules regulating blood circulation, modulating growth, and affecting pathological processes closely related to ONFH. Furthermore, the GO enrichment analysis showed that corydine, isorhamnetin, and bicuculline were enriched in "RUNX2 regulates osteoblast differentiation", significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition and upregulated runt-related transcription factor 2 mRNA and protein expression and osteocalcin mRNA expression in HUMSCs, suggesting that these compounds promoted the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic transformation.CONCLUSIONS:The study showed that the pharmacological mechanisms of WH I capsule attenuation of ONFH mainly involve three therapeutic modules: blood circulation, modulating growth, and regulating pathological processes. The crosstalk between GOBPs/pathways may constitute the basis of the synergistic effects of the compounds in WH I capsules in attenuating ONFH. One of the pharmacological mechanisms in the WH I capsule effect on ONFH involves enhancement of the osteogenic transformation of MSCs, as validated in experiments performed in vitro; however, more mechanisms should be validated in further studies.

近年来随着腹盆腔恶性肿瘤的临床发病率不断上升,以及放射治疗医学技术的现代化发展,接受放射治疗的患者数量急剧增多,导致放射性肠炎的发生率逐渐升高.许多临床研究表明,葛根芩连汤能够有效地减少放射性肠炎的发生率,在不同程度上改善或缓解患者的临床体征与症状,使其生活质量得到进一步提升,是临床上预防和治疗放射性肠炎的有效经方.

Background Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) has been proven to be associated with the initiation and progression of human multiple tumors. However, it’s role in glioma, which is ranked as one of the common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, is unclear. Methods In this study, we explored CDC6 gene expression level in pan-cancer. Furthermore, we focused on the relationships between CDC6 expression, its prognostic value, potential biological functions, and immune infiltrates in glioma patients. We also performed vitro experiments to assess the effect of CDC6 expression on proliferative, apoptotic, migrant and invasive abilities of glioma cells. Results As a result, CDC6 expression was upregulated in multiple types of cancer, including glioma. Moreover, high expression of CDC6 was significantly associated with age, IDH status, 1p/19q codeletion status, WHO grade and histological type in glioma (all p < 0.05). Meanwhile, high CDC6 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in glioma patients, especially in different clinical subgroups. Furthermore, a univariate Cox analysis showed that high CDC6 expression was correlated with poor OS in glioma patients. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that CDC6 was mainly involved in pathways related to DNA transcription and cytokine activity, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that MAPK pathway, P53 pathway and NF-κB pathway in cancer were differentially enriched in glioma patients with high CDC6 expression. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed CDC6 expression in glioma was positively correlated with Th2 cells, Macrophages and Eosinophils, and negative correlations with plasmacytoid dendritic cells, CD8 T cells and NK CD56bright cells, suggesting its role in regulating tumor immunity. Finally, CCK8 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assays showed that silencing CDC6 could significantly inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis of U87 cells and U251 cells ( p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, high CDC6 expression may serve as a promising biomarker for prognosis and correlated with immune infiltrates, presenting to be a potential immune therapy target in glioma.

胰腺癌是消化系统发病率较高的恶性肿瘤之一,早期患者症状体征缺乏特异性,容易受到忽视,当患者有症状表现时,往往已进入到中期甚至晚期阶段,已丧失了最佳的外科手术治疗时机.对于晚期胰腺癌患者主要采用放化疗手段治疗.基于此,本文探讨阿帕替尼联合立体定向体部放疗治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效,现报告如下.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non coding RNA LINC01614 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:From January 2016 to December 2017, 75 patients with primary NSCLC who underwent surgical resection in our hospital were selected as the cases, and the corresponding adjacent tissues (more than 5 from the tumor edge) were selected as control.The correlation between LINC01614 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients was analyzed.ROC curve was drawn to determine the efficacy parameters of LINC01614 in the diagnosis of NSCLC.Kaplan Meier curve was used to analyze the survival analysis.Results:The expression levels of 3 261 lncRNAs were significantly different in NSCLC patients, including 1 205 up-regulated and 2 056 down-regulated.At the same time, LINC01614 was the most disordered lncRNA, and its expression was up-regulated in cancer tissues, 22.92 times higher than that in paracancerous tissues.The higher the TNM stage, the lower the degree of tissue differentiation and the occurrence of lymph node metastasis, the higher the relative expression of LINC01614.The area under the ROC curve was 0.788 (95% CI: 0.710-0.821), with a diagnostic sensitivity of 58.62% and a specificity of 87.24%.With the relative expression of LINC01614 of 26.14 as the intercept, the overall survival of NSCLC patients in the high expression group (26 cases) and the low expression group (49 cases) was 22.2 months (95% CI: 20.1-34.6) and 38.5 months (95% CI: 25.3-45.5), respectively.The survival time of the high expression group was significantly lower than that of the low expression group ( Z=10.248, P<0.05). Multivariate COX proportional hazards stepwise regression analysis showed that LINC01614 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients ( HR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.30-3.90). Conclusions:LINC01614 is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, and is related to the malignant degree of NSCLC, which may have a certain guiding significance for the prognosis of NSCLC.

我国已经步入老龄化社会[1],老年人随着年龄增长常多病共存,常会出现多种老年综合征与慢性疾病叠加、多重用药等问题[2].国外研究数据表明,超过半数老年患者合并3种或更多的慢性疾病[3],如何综合管理老年患者已成为目前老年病科医师、全科医师面临的极大挑战.本文对1例卵巢腺癌合并腹腔转移和多器官功能衰竭高龄患者的综合管理进行了报道.

化疗又称化学性药物治疗,是指通过使用化学性治疗药物消除肿瘤细胞,从而发挥治疗的目的.由于肿瘤局部阻塞、化疗抑制骨髓及免疫力调节异常等原因,乳腺癌患者往往在接受化疗治疗过程中合并感染.本文利用回顾性分析乳腺癌患者的临床资料,旨在探寻化疗期间合并感染的危险因素. 1 资料与方法 搜集2006年5月至2016年12月间我院经病理确诊的并且行化疗治疗的乳腺癌患者450例;年龄59～90岁,平均(69.89±8.13)岁.感染判断标准:(1)化疗后出现发热、咳嗽及咳痰等症状;(2)化疗前已有发热、咳嗽及咳痰等临床症状,且化疗后症状加重;(3)肺部啰音从无至有或有少量,除外左心衰者.同时具备上述1项或者以上即可诊断为肺部感染.回顾性分析450例患者年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、化疗强度、病理类型、使用抗菌药物等因素与肺部感染的相关性.

本文为探究非小细胞肺癌患者辅助化疗中通过顺铂与卡铂治疗后的疗效及毒副作用,选取在2014年1月～2016年6月我院收治的非小细胞肺癌患者80例资料进行分组对比分析,现将具体内容报告如下. 1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 将2014年1月～2016年6月期间我院收治的非小细胞肺癌患者80例确定为研究对象,并按随机原则分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例.

目的 评价中药止痛贴联合吗啡治疗中重度癌痛(肝癌、骨转移癌)的有效性和安全性.方法 中重度癌痛(肝癌、骨转移癌)患者264例,其中肝癌和骨转移癌患者各132例,分为试验组和对照组(n=66),分别给予中药止痛贴或安慰剂外用贴敷疼痛部位,每日每个部位1贴,同时加服吗啡,给药7d后比较止痛效果、中医证候疗效等.结果 肝癌患者试验组主诉疼痛程度平均下降(1.1±0.8)分,爆发痛平均(0.9±2.2)次·例-1·周-1,治疗满意度均优于对照组(P＜0.05);骨转移癌患者试验组睡眠时间平均增加(1.6±1.9)h,疼痛影响评估平均减少(16.1±9.1)分,爆发痛平均(0.4±0.7)次·例-1·周-1,治疗满意度均优于对照组(P＜0.05).两组不良事件主要是合并口服止痛药有关的恶心、呕吐、便秘,未见与中药止痛贴有关不良反应.结论 中药止痛贴联合吗啡能缓解中重度癌痛(肝癌、骨转移癌),能减少疼痛影响及提高治疗满意度,安全性高.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM external treatment combined with morphine in treatment of the pain of bone metastases. Methods: The stratfiied randomized method, double-blind method and placebo-controlled method were conducted in the trials. 264 cases patients with the pain of bone metastases(blood stasis syndrome) were divided into mild pain group, moderate pain group and severe pain group. Meanwhile, 264 healthy subjects were selected as normal control group. The experiment groups were given external treatment of analgesic paste, and the moderate pain group and the severe pain group were additionally injected the morphine. While, the normal control group was given the placebo. The effect of analgesia and TCM syndromes were compared after 7 days. Results: In the mild pain group: the NRS scores at rest state and at motion state dropped by an average of 1.7 and 1.8 points, respectively; the pain time reduced by an average of 2.7 hours; the sleep time increased by an average 1.3 hours; the breakthrough pain occurred 0.4 times a week per capita. The effect of analgesia and TCM syndromes in the mild pain group were superior to those in the normal group(P0.05). In moderate pain group and the severe pain group: the NRS scores at rest state and at motion state dropped by an average of 3.3 and 3.2 points, respectively; the pain time reduced by an average of 7.3 hours; the sleep time increased by an average 1.6 hours; the breakthrough pain occurred 0.4 times a week per capita. The effect of analgesia and the treatment satisfaction in the moderate pain group and the severe pain group were superior to those in the normal group(P0.05). There was no adverse reaction related to the external treatment of analgesic paste in the course of the experiment. Conclusion: TCM analgesic paste could relieve the pain of bone metastases, which had advantages on improving sleep, reducing pain and increasing the treatment satisfaction.

Objective To explore the cancerous pain syndrome of TCM,for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.Methods 60 cancer patients with pain were divided into depression and stagnation of QI,stagnation of blood stasis,phlegm-damp type,Heat-Toxin-Stasis,qi and blood deficiency syndrome, weakness of vital-qi and blood stasis and other syndromes and analyzes the development trend of syndrome differentiation,and summarizes the most common type of pain and related symptoms frequency and the trend of pain degree.Results 35 cases(58.3%) of weakness of vital-qi and blood stasis type and 12 cases(20%) of qi and blood deficiency type were found in the 60 cases of pain patients.Conclusions The main syndrome type of Patients with pain is weakness of vital-qi and blood stasis,and qi and blood deficiency syndrome is in the second place.Blood stasis block type of cancer pain is more severe,and gi and blood deficiency type is less pain in patients.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)delivery to the lung using an aerosol in patients with metastatic lung cancer to the lungs.Methods A Phase I dose escalation study inhaled GM-CSF at three dose levels as twice-a-dayx7 days schedule.Blood counts were checked at the beginning and end of each week of GM-CSF nebulization. If no toxicity was encountered,in-patients rested for 7 days and then were inhaled at the next dose level.Results Six of sevenpatients were all dose escalated from 60 μg/dose twice-a-dayx7 days,to 120μ g/dose twice-a-dayx7 days,then 240μg/dose twice-a-dayx7 days,one of the patients with cerebral hemorrhage was removed from the clinical trials,and no toxicity was seen.Comparison of inhaled GM-CSF of day 0 and day 7 blood leukocyte counts and percentage of neutrophils,it showed no significant difference in analysis of blood count data at the beginning and end of nebulization used paired t tests for each dose level.The other 9 patients received an additional 2-6 months of intermittent aerosol GM-CSF at 240 μg dose level without side effect.Two patients with bilateral lung metastases of lung adenocarcinoma had a progress disease after 2-2.5 months of aerosol GM-CSF.One patient with lung metastasis of SCLC had a progressive disease after 2 months of aerosol GM-CSF,the other 6 patients had stabilization of pulmonary metastases for 2-6 months. Conclusion Aerosol delivery of GM-CSF may achieve effective immunological antitumor action in the metastases tumor to lungs,and this therapy is feasible and possibly effective and worthy of further study.

中药外治法在癌痛治疗中发挥了积极作用,其药力直达病处,止痛作用迅速有效,初步探讨了癌痛的中医药外治疗法的用药思路,提出辨病与辨证相结合、近治与远治相结合、提邪而出与攻而散之相结合的理论.

作者于1991年2月至1992年8月,采用酶联免疫法对159例(男129例、女30例)研究对象的胃粘膜、胃液和血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)含量进行了检测.对象:对照组103例(正常人37例、浅表胃炎患者66例),癌前病变及胃癌组56例(萎缩性胃炎患者30例、胃癌患者26例).