修复体穿龈轮廓的设计对维持种植体周围软组织的健康具有重要影响.目前,修复体穿龈轮廓的形态、穿龈角度与种植体周炎的关系相关研究较少,且观点未能达成一致.种植体周炎的影响因素多参考天然牙,但因种植体与天然牙的结构大不相同,影响因素也不完全一致.本文将就穿龈轮廓在种植体周炎中的影响进行一综述,以此为临床医师提供参考.

目的 比较在牙齿缺失修复中采用即刻种植和延期种植的临床应用效果,为疾病的治疗提供临床依据.方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年6月广西壮族自治区人民医院收治的82例因牙齿缺失进行种植修复的患者(患牙82颗)的临床资料,根据种植时间分为A组(实施延期种植,43例患者,43颗患牙)和B组(实施即刻种植,39例患者,39颗患牙).两组患者均随访1年,比较其种植成功率,种植修复即刻、种植修复3个月后美学效果,种植修复即刻、种植修复12个月后种植体边缘骨吸收量和种植体颈部牙槽骨垂直吸收量,随访期间不良反应发生情况及患者对修复效果的主观满意度.结果 两组患者种植成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与种植修复即刻比,种植修复3个月后两组患者近中龈乳头、远中龈乳头、边缘龈水平、软组织形态、软组织颜色、软组织质地、牙槽嵴缺损评分均显著上升,且B组均显著高于A组;种植修复12个月后两组患者种植体边缘骨吸收量和种植体颈部牙槽骨垂直吸收量均较种植修复即刻显著升高,B组患者种植体边缘骨吸收量显著低于A组(均P<0.05);两组患者种植体颈部牙槽骨垂直吸收量、不良反应总发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);B组患者对修复效果的主观满意度显著高于A组(P<0.05).结论 即刻种植与延期种植在牙齿缺失修复中均可以取得较好的效果,而相对于延期种植,即刻种植更能满足患者在美学治疗效果方面的需求,在保障患者治疗安全性的同时,提高其对修复效果的主观满意度.

International Endodontic JournalVolume 54, Issue 6 p. 1001-1001 Letter to the Editor Response to Letter to Editor regarding article, ‘Association between dental factors and mortality’ J. M. Liljestrand, Corresponding Author john.liljestrand@helsinki.fi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Salminen, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this authorP. J. Pussinen, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this author J. M. Liljestrand, Corresponding Author john.liljestrand@helsinki.fi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Salminen, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this authorP. J. Pussinen, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 05 May 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.13498Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume54, Issue6June 2021Pages 1001-1001 RelatedInformation

目的 分析有压板和无压板两种类型的导航工具对数字化种植导板手术备孔精度的影响.方法 回顾性分析有压板导航工具和无压板导航工具植入的16例患者,共40颗种植体,每种工具各20颗.术前通过六维牙种植设计软件对种植体位点进行三维设计,术后拍摄CT并在六维牙种植设计软件中进行重建,与术前方案进行配准后导入Rhino软件中,对术前术后种植体颈部中心点距离偏差、底部中心点距离偏差、颈部垂直向偏差和角度偏差进行测量比较.结果 有压板导航工具植入的种植体颈部中心点距离偏差均值为1.243 mm,底部中心点距离偏差均值为1.911 mm,颈部垂直向偏差均值为1.201 mm,角度偏差均值为5.077°,无压板导航工具植入的种植体依次为0.696 mm、1.167 mm、0.449 mm、4.582°.结论 无压板的导航工具备孔精度高于有压板的导航工具备孔精度.

随着口腔种植手术的广泛开展,种植导板在术中的应用不仅有助于术前诊疗计划的设计,还有助于种植体在牙槽骨中的正确定位、成角优化,从而最终达到兼顾功能和美学的术后效果.以修复为导向设计种植导板应用于临床,可相对降低并发症发生的风险.随着椎形束CT(CBCT)的广泛应用,国内外学者在传统种植导板的基础上,结合数字化技术,完成了各种改良式种植导板的制作,由此推进了种植导板的发展.该文对常用的口腔种植导板的分类、优缺点以及计算机辅助外科种植导板进行综述,为临床中种植导板的应用提供参考.

目的 探讨应用数字化导板进行种植义齿修复的临床价值.方法 牙列缺失需要进行种植义齿修复患者32例,其中男14例,女18例,平均年龄(50.53±13.17)岁,113颗缺失牙.术前均进行椎形束CT(CBCT)扫描,术中辅助数字化种植导板引导种植体窝洞预备和植入.记录手术耗时,术后即刻CBCT检查植入位置,观察有无并发症的发生并定期随访.结果 32例患者应用数字化种植导板引导成功植入共113枚种植体,种植体植入位置良好,手术平均耗时(20.11 ±3.32)min,无手术并发症发生,110枚种植体成功修复义齿并经1、3、6个月随访正常.结论 应用数字化导板进行种植义齿修复的临床效果良好.

目的 比较自制银钯合金与Pors-on 4牙科高强度钯银合金制成的烤瓷熔附金属修复体在观察期内的临床修复效果.方法 分别采用自制合金与Pors-on 4牙科高强度钯银合金各制作30例修复体,在戴牙后1周和戴牙后18个月分别观察修复体边缘适合性,修复体完整度,继发龋和牙龈状况.结果 戴牙后1周,2种材料制作的修复体成功率均达到100％.戴牙后18个月,两组修复体均各出现1例卡探针和轻微牙龈炎症,Pors-on 4修复组还出现了1例不影响美观的缺损.自制合金修复体成功率为93.3％,Pors-on 4制作的修复体成功率为90％.结论 自研合金制作的烤瓷熔附金属修复体的临床效果达到了国外商品化钯银合金制作的烤瓷熔附金属修复体的水平,可以满足临床需要.

目的 探讨牙科低金含量银钯合金在不同温度处理后的时效强化机制.方法 采用标准牙科失蜡铸造程序制备21个10 mm×10 mm×1 mm的试样备用.首先将全部试样固溶处理后冰水淬火冷却.之后3组试样分剐在400、459、600℃温度下等温强化处理1、2、5、10、20、50、100 rain.然后观察试件金相结构,行显微镜硬度测试与X射线衍射仪(XRD)检测.结果 时效温度越高合金硬度值增加速度越快.金相显微镜观察发现,随着时效时间增加,晶界和亚晶界处有沉积相出现并逐渐增多.XRD结果显示,400℃时效处理组从50 min起有富铜(Cu)相出现,459℃时效处理从10 min起有富Cu相争Cu3Pd出现,600℃时效处理组从5 rain出现Cu3Pd.结论 不同时效处理后低金含量银钯合金硬度升高与相变所致的内应变高度相关.

在现如今的口腔修复治疗中,瓷贴面越来越受到人们的欢迎,因为其具有保守修复前牙的优势,且兼具美观性能.临床中贴面的粘接尤为重要,目前已经引入新的材料和方法将瓷贴面修复体粘合到牙体上.本研究的主要目的是总结各种临床因素和四手操作要点对瓷贴面修复体粘接强度的影响.

目的 观察PBL教学模式应用于口腔修复临床住院医师规范化培训的应用效果.方法 在口腔修复临床住院医师规范化培训过程中,将2013年1月至2015年6月招收的28名受训医师设为A组,采用传统带教模式培训;将2015年6月至2017年12月招收的55名受训医师设为B组,采用PBL教学模式培训.在培训结束出科考核时,以问卷调查和出科考核的方式对比两种教学模式的应用效果.结果 B组中90.91％ (50/55)受训医师对PBL教学模式持肯定态度,而A组受训医师对传统带教模式持肯定态度的只有53.57％ (15/28),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).B组受训医师的理论考核成绩及技能考核成绩明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在口腔修复临床之住院医师规范化培训中,PBL模式明显优于传统带教模式.

Objective To explore the effect of 400 ℃ and 459 ℃ heat treatment and different treatment time on the cor-rosion resistance of dental silver palladium alloy with low gold content. Methods 30 cylindrical specimens with diameter of 4mm and height of 6mm and 30 round specimens of 10mm x 10mm x 1mm were cast. The specimens of the same shape were divided into 6 groups,5 specimens for each group. After solid solution treatment,specimens of six groups were given heat treatment at 400℃ for 5min,10min,20min and at 459 ℃for 2min,5min,10min respectively. The cylindrical specimens were tested by electrochemistry, and the flake-like specimens were used for static immersion experiments. The Eocp value,Ecorr value and Icorr value of the test specimen and the ion precipitation value in the corrosive solution in the static immersion test were tested. Results Single factor variance analysis showed that there was no statistical difference between the Eocp values,Ecorr values and Icorr values of each group(P＞0. 05),and there was no statistical difference between the precipitation value of Ag,Pd and Cu ions in each group(P＞0. 05). Conclusion Specimen has good corrosion resistance after heat treatment at 400 ℃ for 5min,10min,20min specimens and at 459 ℃ heat treatment for 2min,5min,10min.

目的 探讨太极扣精密附着体义齿修复的取模操作与护理对取模操作效果的影响.方法 选择47例义齿及牙体广泛缺损患者为观察对象,采用太极扣精密附着体进行义齿修复操作,在太极扣精密附着体义齿修复取模操作与取模过程中进行针对性护理.结果 一次取模成功42例(89.36％),取出的模型完整、标准、清晰;重新取模5例(10.64％).出现恶心、不适3例,印模内有气泡、脱盘等2例.结论 在太极扣精密附着体义齿修复的临床取模操作与取模过程中良好的护理有助于取出标准、清晰的印模.

目的 分析瓷贴面粘接技术的难点及应对措施.方法 选取2016年1月～2017年12月在广西壮族自治区人民医院口腔修复科接受贴面修复的患者35例(共76颗贴面)作为研究对象,其中包括术前试戴、预处理及粘接过程,术后的咬合检查确认,总结了瓷粘连临床技术的关键点,给予对策,同时评价效果.结果 在1～2年随访期间,34例患者对临床效果满意,而1例患者在修复后1年左右由于啃食硬物致贴面脱落.粘接成功率为97.2％.结论 规范、精细的操作,包括适当的牙体预备、完善的粘接流程、修复后的咬合检查等将会大大提高临床瓷贴面粘接修复成功率.

Objective To evaluate the artifact sizes of eight kinds of non -ferromagnetic dental metallic materials in three magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) sequences in order to provide experimental basis for choosing the optimum metallic materials and imaging sequences for MRI in clinical practice.Methods Cubical samples of eight kinds of dental metallic materials(amalgams,Ag-Pd alloy, Au-Pd alloy,three gold alloys(Au8:9 .5%,55.6%,150.%),titanium alloy and pure titanium) were fabricated and placed in a cylindrical plastic vessel filled with distilled water .Acrylic resin was used as control.All samples were imaged by means of MRI apparatus with three sequences,T1-weighted fast spin-echo(FSE-T1WI),T2-weighted fast spin-echo(FSE-T2WI) and T2-weighted gradient-echo(GRE-T2WI). MRI artifact sizes of different metal materials and three sequences were measured.Results Artifact size showed significant differences among different metal materials and different sequences.The artifact size of amalgams,Ag-Pd alloy,Au-Pd alloy or gold alloy was not significantly different from that of control group in FSE-T1WI sequence(P>0.05),while the artifact sizes of Ag-Pd alloy,Au-Pd alloy,titanium alloy and pure titanium were significantly larger in FSE-T2WI and GRE-T2WI sequence compared with the controls(P<0.05).Pure titanium and titanium alloy showed significantly larger artifact sizes in the three sequences compared with the controls(P<0.01).Conclusion MR image quality of precious metal alloys is affected by the sequence used and the alloy compositions,and also has relations with the gold content.Pure titanium and its alloys pose a problem with respect to causing MRI artifacts in different sequences.FSE-T2 WI and GRE-T2 WI sequence have more effects on the MRI artifact sizes of different alloys compared with FSE-T1 WI sequence.

Objective To investigate the influence of experimental low-gold Ag-Pd alloy and two other dental casting alloys on the color of metal-ceramic restoration .Methods 10 disc samples were casted by each metal .The samples were covered by 0.1 mm OP and 1.1 mm dentin porcelain .The color of each sample was tested and the differences of three dental casting alloys were compared .Results There were no significant differences in L , C, H values of metal-ceramic restoration with the same thickness of OP and dentin porcelain by 3 different dental casting al-loys.Conclusion There are no significant differences in lightness , chroma and hue of metal-ceramic restorations by 3 different dental casting alloys;Pd-based dental casting alloy cannot significantly influence the color of metal -ceramic restoration.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of hot-curing acrylic resin in interim restoration of radiotherapy patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after the demolition of fixed crown. Methods A total of 129 hot-curing acrylic resin temporary crowns in 35 patients were included in the stud.The clinical restoration successful rates were evaluated when restoration was completed and on the 3rd month after the restoration.And the patients appraised three subjective items about comfort degree, mastication,elegance about the fix of hot-curing acrylic resin temporary crowns in these two stages. Finally,analyses the statistic data. Results The success rates of clinical restoration and subjective satisfactions of patients were both high not only in the stage of when restoration was completed but also in the stage on the 3rd month after the temporary restoration with hot-curing resin.There were no statistical significance in the in two stages(P>0.05). Conclusion Hot-curing acrylic resin used in the interim restoration of radiotherapy patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is reliable and effec?tive,which can be widely applied.

Objective To explore the effects of Vita 3D all-ceramic restoration in repairing dental defect or deletion.Methods In 49 patients with dental defect or deletion 56 teeth were restored with Vita 3D all-ceramic res-toration and followed up for 1 to 2 years.Results Of 56 restored teeth,54 crown or bridges were sealed and had good retentive power , reached class A in marginal integrity , crown coloring , pier periodontal pocket , without loosing and shedding;2 crowns of front teeth were cracked but not fractured two years after repairing , the success rate was 96.43%(54/56).Conclusion Vita 3D all-ceramic restoration may be used in the repairing of dental defect or dele-tion, and the repairing effect is fine .

Objective To compare the repairing effects between the zirconia all-ceramic crown bridge and zirconia bridge in aesthetics restoration of molars .Methods Thirty-six patients were restorated with the all-ceramic crown bridge(19 patients 66 molars) and zirconia ( bridge 17 patients 60 molars), followed up for 1 ~3 years, checked and appraised the marginal adaptation ,form,colour of the crowns ,the gingiva and crown fracture by one doc-tor.Results There was no statistically difference in the effects between the two kinds of restorations .Conclusion The two kinds of restoration can meet clinical needs in the marginal adaptation ,aesthetics and the flexural strength . The zirconia bridge is better in patients with shorter occlusogingival distance .

目的观察RTD纤维桩在口腔残根残冠桩核修复中的临床应用效果。方法对427例患者共采用859个纤维桩为621颗残根残冠制作桩核后再行冠桥修复。结果经0.5～2.0年的观察,仅有3例单冠修复体带桩脱落,纤维桩修复成功率为99.65%(856/859)。结论 RTD温控纤维桩有良好的生物相容性,操作简单美观,值得推广。

Objective Explore zirconia zirconium crowns and bridges in 1 to 2 missing posterior teeth fixed restoration application. Method Select the 17 cases of single or two teeth missing after a total of 60 patients with zirconia zirconium crown and bridge repair and observe a fixed 1-2 years. Results Except one case(4 units bridge) in crown color so that doctors are not satisfied, the remaining prosthetic restoration to good effect in the marginal adaptation, crown stained areas abutment periodontal bags reached A-level, no shedding prosthesis and loose, a success rate of 93.33%.Conclusion Zirconia bridges may be used in the repairing of 1 or 2 missing posterior teeth,and the repairing effect is fine.