探究沉香提取物对PCPA(P-chlorophenylalanine,PCPA)致失眠大鼠的镇静催眠作用.选取SD大鼠90只,10只作为空白组,余80只建立失眠大鼠模型,分为模型组、沉香挥发油高剂量组、沉香挥发油低剂量组、沉香醇提物高剂量组、沉香醇提物低剂量组、沉香水提物高剂量组、沉香水提物低剂量组、地西泮组.观察各组下丘脑5羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(Glu)含量及GABAARα1、GABAARγ2、5-HT1A受体mRNA相对表达量.给药6 d后,挥发油高剂量组、挥发油低剂量组、醇提物高剂量组、醇提物低剂量组下丘脑5-HT含量分别为4.85 ng/mL、4.84 ng/mL、4.81 ng/mL、4.49 ng/mL,GABA含量分别为1.46 ng/mL,1.44 ng/mL,1.41 ng/mL,1.39 ng/mL,高于模型组(p<0.05);挥发油高剂量组、挥发油低剂量组、醇提物高剂量组5-HT1A受体mRNA相对表达量为0.81、0.79、0.74,高于模型组(p<0.05);GABAARα1 mRNA相对表达量分别为0.94、0.84、0.85,GABAARγ2 mRNA相对表达量分别为0.74、0.70、0.73,高于模型组(p<0.05).沉香提取物对PCPA致失眠大鼠具有一定镇静催眠作用.

由于新冠肺炎疫情期间开展线上教学工作的需求,初步探讨了基于雨课堂线上线下混合式教学模式在中医院校组织学与胚胎学的应用,通过对课前、课中和课后三个环节进行分析,表明将雨课堂教学与在线教学资源相结合,可以保障教学质量,提高教学效果,为后期学习其他课程奠定扎实的基础.

目的:探讨高脂饲养雌性、雄性SD大鼠的血脂变化规律.方法:正常雄性、雌性6周龄大鼠各30只,适应性喂养1周后,根据体质量随机分为雄性对照组、雄性模型组、雌性对照组、雌性模型组,每组15只.两对照组给予普通饲料,两模型组给予高脂高胆固醇饲料,不限饮水.观察各组大鼠体质量、饮食、饮水量变化,分别在第6、8、12周末每组处死5只大鼠,检测血清TC、TG水平,并进行组间比较.结果:体质量方面,在造模第6、8、12周末,雄性、雌性模型组大鼠随着造模时间的延长,体质量逐渐升高,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中雄性模型组的体质量比雌性高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);雄性对照组的体质量比雌性高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).血脂TC方面,在第6、8、12周末,两模型组TC与两对照组相比均明显升高,且雌性SD大鼠的TC水平较同时期雄性升高更明显,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两对照组之间TC水平差异无统计学意义.血脂TG方面,第6周末时两模型组大鼠TG均高于两对照组,且雌性模型组高于雄性模型组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),8周后差异不明显;在6周、8周、12周末,两对照组之间TG水平差异均无统计学意义.结论:通过12周的动态实验可以看出,高脂饲料喂养SD大鼠建立高脂血证模型的方法是成立的.相同实验周期内,雄性大鼠的体质量明显高于雌性大鼠,但雌性SD大鼠的血脂水平较雄性更高,更易形成高脂血症模型.同时,无论雌性还是雄性SD大鼠,在高脂饲料喂养期间,约8周时间开始出现血脂相对下降的趋势.

目的:探讨缝隙连接蛋白43(eonnexin43,Cx43)在补阳还五汤抗脑缺血损伤中的作用.方法:采用大脑中动脉栓塞制备脑缺血模型,缺血2h后拔出线栓进行再灌注.补阳还五汤灌胃,24 h后取材通过免疫蛋白印迹检测Cx43,苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxyli-eosin,HE)观察脑组织神经元损伤,以及相关试剂盒检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)和超氧化物岐化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD).结果:免疫蛋白印迹结果表明,补阳还五汤可下调缺血后Cx43的表达.另外,联合使用Cx43激动剂(GAP-134)后神经元损伤较补阳还五汤组加重,提示Cx43参与了补阳还五汤的抗脑缺血损伤.进一步通过试剂盒检测发现,同模型组相比,补阳还五汤可降低脑缺血后NO和MDA的含量,上调SOD含量.而使用Cx43激动剂后,补阳还五汤对NO的下调和对SOD的上调作用均被抑制.结论:这些结果提示Cx43可能是通过减少NO以及增加SOD介导补阳还五汤对脑缺血损伤的保护作用.

Objective To study the inhibition of baicalin on glomerular mesangial cell(GMC)proliferation induced by high glucose and the impact on NF-κB expression.Methods The in vitro cultured rat GMCs were divided into six groups,named a low-glucose group,a high-glucose group,a low-dose baicalin group,a middle-dose baicalin group,a high-dose baicalin group and a Losartan group,cultured for 24 h,48 h and 72 h separately.At the end of experiment,according to MTT detection results,the cells were collected and the nuclear protein was extracted.Western blot method was adopted to detect NF-κB expression in each group.Results In the high-glucose group,the absorption value in 24 h,48 h and 72 h was increased as compared with the low-glucose group separately,which was getting apparent with the passing of culture time(P0.05).In all of the low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose baicalin groups and the Losartan group,the absorption value in 24 h was higher than that in the high-glucose group,but the result in 48 h and 72 h was lower than that in the high-glucose group(P0.05).Western blot results showed that NF-κB expression in the high-glucose group was increased as compared with the low-glucose group.After the intervention with baicalin,NF-κB expression in GMCs was reduced as compared with the high-glucose group,which was gradually reduced along with the concentration increased.Conclusion Under the high glucose condition,the abnormal proliferation happens in the in vitro cultured GMCs.Baicalin inhibits GMC abnormal proliferation induced by high glucose,indicating the time-dose dependent relationship.The mechanism of it is probably related to the down-regulation of NF-κB expression achieved by baicalin.

Objective:To investigate the influence of Lycium bararum polysaccharide(LBP) and LBP with interferon-inducible protein 10(CXCL10) on the differentiation of helper T cells in bearing mice.Method: H22 bearing mice model was established and randomized into six groups: the model group,high-and low dose group,LBP with CXCL10 group,CTX group,control group.Serum was separated from eye ball after two weeks of treatment.tumors,spleen,thymus were separated and calculated anti-tumor rate,thymus index and spleen index.Flow cytometry was used to detect the differentiation of Th1/Th2 in mice peripheral blood.Result: Compared with model group,tumor inhibitory rate in low-and high dose group,LBP with CXCL10 group was 37.83%,12.50%,14.14%;the rate of Th1/Th2 was 4.44±3.05,2.48±2.93,4.36±1.96,among them LBP low dose group and LBP with CXCL10 group was obvious(P0.05).Conclusion:Low dose of LBP and LBP with CXCL10 can increase the rate of Th1/Th2 markedly in bearing mice.

Objective To investigate a simple, fast and high success rate intubation of rabbit common carotid artery for students to observe the effort of nerve and body fluid on arterial blood pressure. It provides a good prerequisite for students. Methods Based on the traditional intubation of rabbit common carotid artery, improved the method and important aspects such as the production of tubes insert into artery, sought out a simple, fast and high success rate catheterization approach of rabbit carotid artery. Result Compared with the traditional intubation of rabbit common carotid artery, improved intubation has higher success rate, easier operation and shorter used time. It is deserved to be applied widely.

颈性眩晕是由于颈椎增生或椎间盘突出压迫椎动脉,使椎动脉神经丛受激惹,引起椎基底动脉系痉挛、脑供血不足所致。常见于颈型和椎动脉型颈椎病,以发病突然、反复发作为主要特点。目前西医采用扩张血管、镇静、理疗及颈椎牵引治疗,效果不甚理想。中医药在防治该病上有显著特色和优势。

隐性课程对学生具有潜移默化的教育作用。高校教学实验室隐性课程的开发设计可以从物质环境、规章制度、精神环境、教风建设等几个方面进行开发设计,充分挖掘和利用实验室的隐性课程资源,以发挥其最大、最优的育人功效。

Objective to clear the deployment of egg white mixed gardenia powder on acute soft tissue injury model in rats,and to explore its mechanism of action.Method The heavy hammer preparation of SD rat animal model of acute soft tissue injury,packet sticking to the medicine,the daily dressing 1,administration of 7 d,hind limb swelling degree of measuring and histopathological observation.Result Compared with the model group,,high doses and middle dose of egg white mixed gardenia powder can reduce damage to local tissue swelling,there was significant difference(P<0.05),and under light microscope the treatment group significantly reduce muscle fiber swelling,muscle tissue in stasis,edema,hemorrhage,with inflammatory cell infiltration reduced.Conclusion The deployment of egg white mixed gardenia powder on acute soft tissue injury of SD model rats with good treatment and repair effect.

目的通过检测糖尿病大鼠肾小球高碘酸-无色品红(PAS)阳性物质的含量,反映糖尿病大鼠基底膜的病理改变,从而达到诊断的目的。方法运用PAS染色法显示糖尿病大鼠基底膜中黏多糖的含量。结果 PAS染色法肾小球基底膜呈现紫红色。模型组大鼠肾小球PAS阳性物质与正常组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PAS染色法对糖尿病大鼠的诊断有重要意义,在大鼠糖尿病肾病的诊断中有一定应用价值。

目的 探讨不同剂量的黄芩苷对高糖环境下肾小球系膜细胞(GMC)增殖的影响,以期探索黄芩苷防治DN的药效机制,为中医药防治DN提供新的视角和实验根据.方法 体外培养大鼠肾小球系统细胞(GMC)并分为9组:正常组(LG 5.5mmol/L)、模型组(HG 25mmol/L)、黄芩苷1组(HG 25mmol/L+黄芩苷3.125μmol/L)、黄芩苷2组(HG 25mmol/L+黄芩苷6.25μmol/L)、黄芩苷3组(黄芩苷(HG 25mmol/L+黄芩苷12.5μmol/L)、黄芩苷4组(HG25mmol/L+黄芩苷100μmol/L)、黄芩苷5组(HG 25mmol/L+黄芩苷50μmol/L)、黄芩苷6组(HG 25mmol/L+黄芩苷100μmol/L)和PKC抑制剂组(HG 25mmol/L+ PKC抑制0.5 nmol/L),每组设平行6孔,培养24h、48h、72h后,应用MTT比色法检测各组GMC增殖情况,倒置显微镜下观察各组GMC生长情况,评价黄芩苷对GMC生长的影响.结果 从各时间点测得的OD值可见,用药组与高糖组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),黄芩苷组与PKC阳性药组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).从抑制率可见,24h时,除了黄芩苷6组(即给药剂量为100μmol/L)对高糖刺激后GMC增殖有抑制作用之外,其余各组对高糖刺激后GMC增殖均无抑制.48h、72h随着时间增加,各组对高糖刺激后GMC增殖的抑制率逐渐升高,且随着黄芩苷浓度增加抑制率逐渐增高.结论 高糖环境下,体外培养GMC存在异常增殖现象,黄芩苷对高糖刺激GMC增殖有抑制作用,且具有一定剂量效应关系.即抑制率随着黄芩苷浓度的增高而升高,尤其是25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L三组的时间剂量依赖关系更加明显,且在72h的时间点抑制率最高,抑制效果最佳.

Objective:To Study Effects of Baicalin Bai on AngII and TGF-β1 expression in diabetic nephropathy(DN)Rats,which to explore its preventive and therapeutic effect on treating DN by repaired of injured podocytesand from the cytokines.Methods:DN rat model was established substances in kidney of rat of streptozotocin.DN model rats were randomly divided into model group and Baicalin treatment group,Normal control group was set up additionally.Rats in Baicalin treatment group were injected Baicalin Bai solution 40mg/kg/day abdominally,rats in the model group were injected water 1ml/rat/day abdominally,Six weeks later,blood were drawn from eyes,AngII was measured by radioimmunoassay;the weight of their bodys and kidneys was monitored.Excretion amount of urine protein and creatinine in all rats were monitored for 24 hours.The right kidney tissues was fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde solution,and electronic scopy was performed.The left kidney tissues were fixed in 10% formalin solution,and pathological scopy was performed.Observe the morphology changes in podocytes and TGF-β1 expression in kidneys.Results:the kidney index decreased in the Baicalin treatment group,and there was significant difference compared to the model group(P<0.05);Urine protein decreased and urine creatinine increased in the Baicalin Bai group,there was significant difference compared to the model group(P<0.05);under electric scopy,incrassation injured podocytes;AngII in the blood decreased in the Baicalin treatment group,and there was significant difference compared to the model group(P<0.05);ubule TGF-β1 expression in the Baicalin treatment group decreased significantly compared to the model group.Conclusion:Baicalin Bai could reduce AngII in the blood and inhibition TGF-β1 expression,to decrease Urine protein may be by non-blood pressure depend-dent mechanism,such as improveing injured podocytes,delay the progress of DN.

实施隐性课程是培养大学生全面发展的必要条件,在教学实验室开展隐性课程研究尤为重要。从教学理念、物质环境、制度文化、精神文化等几方面对当前高校教学实验室隐性课程研究存在的问题进行了分析。高校构建教学实验室隐性课程要从思想认识、物质环境、规章制度、精神文化等方面入手,努力形成一个文化深厚、优美、关系融洽、管理优质、服务周到的育人场所。

目的观察药熨法配合药枕垫治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法将160例轻中度腰椎间盘突出症的成人患者,随机分成2组,治疗组采用药熨法配合药枕垫治疗,对照组采用腰椎牵引加穴位注射治疗。10d为1个疗程,于2个疗程结束后进行评估。结果治疗组治愈46例,好转27例,未愈7例,总有率91.25%;对照组治愈48例,好转23例,未愈9例,总有率88.75%,2组疗效比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论药熨法配合药枕垫治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效肯定,操作简单、方便,无副作用,适宜基层医院和家庭病人使用。

Objective To study the regulation of baicalin in local bioactive substances in kidney of rat with diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods DN rat model was established by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.DN model rats were randomly divided into model group,baicalin low-dose group and baicalin high-dose group.Normal control group was set up additionally.Rats in baicalin low-dose group and high-dose group were injected with intraperitoneally baicalin solution 40mg/kg/day and 60mg/kg/day respectively.Six weeks later,blood and kidneys were collected from each group.Blood AngⅡ,kidney TGF-β1 and PKC activity were determined.Results AngⅡ in blood decreased in low-dose and high-dose groups,indicating significant difference compared with model group(P0.05).Tubule TGF-β1 expression in low-dose and high-dose groups decreased apparently compared with model group and tubule epithelial cell membrane PKC expression decreased compared with model group,of which,the expression in low-dose group was much closer to that in normal group.Conclusion Baicalin reduces AngⅡ in blood and improves renal hemodynamics to a certain extent.Baicalin decreases the increased expression of TGF-β1 and PKC in renal tissue so that the deposition and degradation of extracellular matrixc(ECM)can be adjusted.

网络教学作为高等院校教学的重要辅助手段,将极大地改变传统教学模式,促进现代教育理念、内容、方法和手段的改革与转变。本文重点介绍了全国中医药院校病理学网站(http://www.zyyxblx.net)4年来的建设实践,以及办跨学校的专业学习网站的思考。

21世纪,创新型人才的培养受到前所未有的重视。培养具有创新精神和创新能力的人成为世界各国教育改革的共同抉择。本文分析了目前医学研究生创新能力不足的现状,并提出了利用多学科交叉碰撞,提升医学研究生创新能力的新途径。经过一年多的实践,取得了一定的效果。

Objective:To investigate the effects of Zhitaiqing Granule on aortic endothelial cells in rabbit with experimental atherosclerosis. Methods:10 New Zealand rabbits were selected as blank control randomly and fed with normal forage,while the rest rabbits were fed with high-fat forage in formula A. After six weeks,hyperlipidemia models were formed and they were randomly divided into model group,Zhitaiqing treatment group,simvastatin control group and hawthorn tablet control group. From the 7th week,rabbits in treatment and control groups were fed with corresponding drugs while the blank and model groups with the same quantity of normal saline by lavage. After 11 weeks lavage,total cholesterol (CHO),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),apolipoprotein AI (apo AI),apolipoprotein B (apo B).were detected. With the help of optical microscope,the pathological changes of the aortic arch,thoracic aorta and abdominal aortic intima were observed. Results:In Zhitaiqing group,CHO,LDL-C,and ApoB reduced dramatically (P0.05,P0.01),at the same time,HDL-C increased (P0.05),which prohibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion:Zhitaiqing Granule had effects in adjusting the lipid metabolism and anti-atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe the influence of Lycium Barbarum polysaccharide(LBP) on FasL expression in H22-bearing mice and to explore its anti-tumor mechanism.Methods Kunming mice were randomized into the model group,and low-and high-dose LBP(in the dose of 0.625 and 1.250 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively) groups.H22-bearing mice models were induced through right subaxillary inoculation of H22-ascitic cells.Three days after inoculation,LBP group were given LBP for 14 days.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining method was used to examine the tumor cell density,tumor cell mitotic count,and lymphocyte infiltration in tumor interstitial tissue.FasL expression was observed in the three groups with immunohistochemical method.Results Tumor cell mitotic count was decreased in the two LBP groups(P0.05),the score of lymphocyte infiltration in tumor interstitial tissue was increased,and lymphocyte infiltration was obvious after HE staining in high-dose LBP group(P0.05).The index of FasL expression positive was decreased in both LBP groups(P0.05).FasL expression was strong positive in the model group,and positive in partial liver tumor cells of low-dose LBP group and in less liver tumor cells of high-dose LBP group.Conclusion The anti-tumor mechanism of LBP is probably related with the inhibition of FasL expression and with the suppression of apoptosis of immune active lymphocytes.