逆光图像因背景光远强于前景导致前景阴暗模糊造成图像观感不佳.而在当前逆光图像研究中多数为对单一的前景灰暗背景正常的逆光图像进行还原处理,且处理效果难以控制.针对上述问题,提出一种基于序列光圈的逆光图像还原方法.该方法首先通过调节相机光圈获得一组由背景过曝前景清晰逐步转换至背景清晰前景灰暗的逆光图像并将其分为前景可用图像与背景可用图像.然后使用改进的图像阈值分割算法进行逆光图像可用部分提取,并使用基于轮廓拟合的图像拼接算法将各前景可用图像提取部分分别与各背景可用图像提取部分拼接得到非逆光图像.最后,通过图像逆光度分析与信息熵综合的筛选方法,将拼接得到的非逆光图像进行筛选,得到最终结果图像.该方法相较于传统逆光图像重建方法,不但提高了处理结果的可控性,而且在保留更多原有图像的细节的同时降低了颜色失真.

为解决当前市面上普通药箱智能化程度低、保存能力有限以及受众人群小等问题,文章提出一款基于半导体帕尔帖效应的WiFi智能药箱.利用帕尔帖效应,对药箱内部进行制冷或加热,从而为存储条件特殊的药物提供合适的温度环境.半导体材料具有体积小、重量轻等特点,保证了药箱的轻便性与环保性.通过文献查询梳理并结合实际实验,文章设计出一款以STM32为主控芯片,利用温湿度传感器、压力传感器来实时采集药箱的温湿度和药品重量等数据,并通过WiFi通信上传数据到客户端进行远程实时监控的智能药箱.通过此智能药箱,可以完成对特殊药物进行存储、提醒用户吃药和补充药品等功能.

目前高校大学物理实验课程中存在难以实现互动、无法及时进行实验结果评测、使学生易于编造或抄袭数据等缺点,以Wi-Fi技术作为数据传输手段,以TCP/IP协议作为通信协议,设计面向实验数据的实时监测方案,开发了一款能够实时监测实验数据、在线评测实验成绩的智能高校实验管理系统,在基本杜绝学生伪造实验数据的前提下,能大大提高实验课堂教育效率,促使课堂教学向数字化、无纸化、智能化和综合化方向发展.

甚高精度星敏感器往往需要小视场、大面阵以确保较高的角分辨率,然而视场小容易导致星图识别可靠性降低.针对多视场甚高精度星敏感器,本文提出了一种多主星模型的多视场星图识别方法.该方法首先以某一视场星敏感器为基准,利用星敏感器之间的相对安装关系,将其他视场星敏感器探测到的星点转换到基准坐标系下的矢量,然后在每个视场中各自确定一个主星,以主星为基准,利用角距信息,星等信息作为识别标识,构造多个基准三角形模型,利用分段拟合的查找方式,实现多个视场联合星图识别.以高分七号卫星国产双视场星敏为对象,利用下传的原始星图进行试验,结果表明,相对于传统多视场星图识别算法而言,本文所提出的星图识别方法识别率达到99.6％,可靠性更好.

分析了三层介质中油膜厚度与声反射系数的关系,建立共振测量理论模型,分析了共振模型的适用油膜厚度范围.利用有限元仿真软件建立了其相应的有限元模型,仿真得到不同频率、厚度下的声压图,在后处理中通过声功率对界面反射系数进行计算,并与理论曲线进行对比,两者具有较好的一致性,证明了有限元法计算油膜反射系数的准确性.

超声换能器声场性能是换能器优劣的一个重要指标,对声场中的一系列理论进行了分析推导,分别对换能器声场进行频域和瞬态分析.频域分析中研究了声压、声压级随频率变化规律、油液区域中声场的分布、衰减的问题.瞬态分析中展示了声波在油液域的传播过程,对比了声信号在换能器两侧的传播,分析声波在各个反射界面的强度变化.结果与理论分析一致性较好,为后续利用设计制作换能器提供一定的依据.

目的:分析超声诊断胎儿脉络丛囊肿的临床意义.方法:对作者所在医院常规超声检查显示脉络丛囊肿的患者进行定期随访,持续观察到出生后1周,观察脉络丛囊肿的消失情况,并分析同时存在的其他异常以及与染色体异常的关系.结果:近5年,在某医院产科超声产检者约14 000例,共检出脉络丛囊肿70例,占总筛查胎儿的0.5％,囊肿大小0.3～1.6 cm.70例中,双侧脉络丛囊肿29例,占41.4％;单侧脉络丛囊肿41例,占58.6％.同时存在其他异常者5例,占7.14％,其中染色体异常2例.91.0％的脉络丛囊肿在妊娠中期消失,胎儿出生后随访均未见异常.合并其他异常5例中,染色体异常(18三体)2例,均合并胎儿室间隔缺损(VSD)等心脏结构异常,自然流产或引产;合并持续性右脐静脉1例(囊肿消失、正常出生),单脐动脉1例(囊肿消失、正常出生),同时合并室间隔缺损、后颅窝增宽和单脐动脉1例(失联).结论:单纯脉络丛囊肿与染色体关系不大,但合并其他结构异常时须进一步检查排除染色体异常.

The geometric calibration of star tracker on orbit is one of the effective means to eliminate the systematic measurement error and improve the accuracy of attitude determination. As to the present calibration method with star-pair angular distances, the least square method is mostly used to obtain the globally optimal static parameters to be calibrated, which does not fully characterize the small dynamic changes of internal parameters caused by the variations of outer space environment during the operation of star cameras. In order to further improve the on-orbit calibration accuracy of star tracker parameters, based on the preprocessing of the star map recognition results, this paper introduces Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to calibrate the camera parameters corresponding to the current star map moments in real time and dynamically obtain the current optimal parameter values. Using the method proposed in the article, the ZY-3 01/02 domestic star tracker is calibrated on orbit. The test results show that the proposed method can effectively calibrate the parameter error of the current star tracker, with better accuracy, adaptability and reliability than the traditional least square method. The proposed method can be used for real-time satellite orbit calibration or ground satellite attitude post-processing, providing a technical reference for on-orbit geometry calibration of star tracker.

实际润滑系统中油膜厚度较小,常规的超声测量方法不再适用.根据声学理论,分析多层介质中油膜厚度与声反射系数的关系,建立2种不同的油膜厚度测量理论模型,即共振模型和弹簧模型,讨论不同模型的适用范围.针对不同的理论模型,建立其相应的有限元模型,在后处理中通过驻波理论对界面反射系数进行计算,并与理论曲线进行对比,两者具有很好的一致性,证明有限元法计算油膜反射系数的准确性.研究结果表明:对于不同的超声频率,每种模型都有对应的油膜厚度测量区间,在实际测量中,要根据声波频率来确定每种模型的测量区间.

In the fabrication of piezoelectric transducers,the electrode has a direct influence on the important performances,such as resonance and anti-resonance frequency,quality factor,electromechanical coupling coefficient,etc.Aiming at the AlN piezoelectric film composite structure,a piezoelectric-structure electromechanica[coupling analysis of the 3D model based on electrode-AlN-stainless steel structure is carried out by using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis software in this paper.Based on this model,the transducer performance parameters change is studied by altering the electrode thickness and materials,dielectric loss and mechanical loss of piezoelectric layer.The results of the study on the follow-up to stainless steel as the base of the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer system has a certain theoretical guidance.

以1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)为原料、四甲基氢氧化铵[(CH3)4NOH]硅醇盐为催化剂,合成了端氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷.研究了反应温度及时间对D4转化率的影响、封端剂用量对产物重均摩尔质量、氨值的影响;并加入洗发水中,考察其应用性能.较佳工艺为:反应温度110℃、反应时间2h、催化剂质量分数0.75％,在此条件下D4转化率约为88％;封端剂用量的对数值与产物重均摩尔质量的对数值及产物黏度的对数值均具有线性关系;应用实验表明,与进口同类产品相比,由该产物配成的洗发水,泡沫更为丰富持久,黏度稳定性更高,使用后头发的梳理性更佳,光泽度更好.

Honeycomb shaped monolithic Fe-β zeolite catalyst for N2O decomposition prepared by direct extrusion method was investigated. In this paper, we optimized the parameters of the molding process and studied the decomposition properties of the honeycomb catalysts. Monolithic materials could be extruded successfully only with the plasticity ranging from 0.177 to 0.473. The content of SB powder, nitrate and water was shown to have a significant influence on the mechanical strength of the extruded materials. The monolithic samples were characterized by using XRD. Catalytic performances of various monolithic zeolites with diverse density (49 cells/in.2, 81cells/in.2, 169 cells/in.2) were thereafter studied. As shown from the result, catalyst activity increased significantly with the increase of monolithic catalyst density.

abstract:The development of hydrogen energy is mainly depended on the economically feasible hydrogen production technologies. The low-cost electrocatalysts with high performance for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (heR) play an important role in improving hydrogen production technologies and thus promoting hydrogen economy. in this paper, the development of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for heR in recent years was reviewed. The discussion was focused on the electrocatalysts based on Fe, Co and ni transition metals, including their alloys, phosphides and sulifdes. especially, the synthesis, structural characteristic, catalytic activity, durability and the relationship between the structure and performance were emphasized. The results showed that these non-precious metal catalysts have low-cost advantage, however, their catalytic performance for heR is still inferior to the precious metal catalysts, and at present cannot meet the requirements of practical applications. The development of material discipline, chemistry discipline, and the innovation of synthesis as well as the understanding of hydrogen evolution reaction mechanism will greatly promote the development of these non-precious metal catalysts.

由于日本处于火山地震带上,因此温泉分布十分广泛.日本民众在祖祖辈辈对温泉的熟悉中形成了合理利用温泉的一系列措施.首先,这与日本的地理条件有关系.日本温泉星罗棋布,各种露天温泉,四季温泉各具特色,日本人可以在一年四季随着季节变迁选择属于自己的温泉沐浴而且不受地域限制.另外,温泉具有很好的保健作用,而日本人不仅可以利用其健身的特效获得经济效益,并且可以通过泡温泉达到保健的目的,这算是一种文化标志.日本人在泡温泉中理解火山理解危机意识,他们还习惯于在泡温泉的时候处理工作失误改善人际关系.正是因为温泉在日本日常生活中担当了如此众多而独特的角色,形成日本温泉文化独特性特点.

老年人养老问题上所体现的在经济保障和精神保障方面的养老安全感,关系着老年人的心理健康.然而目前农村老年人养老安全感的现状并不乐观.基于调研数据,采用Ordered Probit模型对调研资料进行逐步回归分析,发现养老保险显著正向影响农村老年人养老安全感,这一结果具有稳健性,说明有养老保险的农村老年人比没有养老保险的农村老年人具有更强的养老安全感.分群体回归发现养老保险对男性和低龄农村老年人的影响是显著的,但对女性和高龄农村老年人的影响是非显著的.

针对传统方式测量起重机运行机构的速度不方便的问题,采用三维模拟加速度传感元件设计了一种无线加速度传感器,研究了起重机运动速度获取与计算的方法.针对三维模拟加速度传感器自身存在的0gn偏置电平,导致难以判定运动时是否存在加速度的问题,给出了一种判断方法,并在嵌入式无线加速度传感器中编程实现了三维加速度的测量和传输,在上位机中编程实现了合成速度的计算.最后给出了该研究用于实际起重机吊物运动速度测量的实时数据.

社会工作者介入机构养老服务，是提高养老服务水平、改善老年生活质量的重要途径。本研究在分析社会工作者介入机构养老服务应当遵守的伦理价值及承担的职责的基础上，具体阐述社会工作者在老年人不同入住阶段，应当扮演着市场营销者、咨询者、研究者、评估者、策划者、使能者、沟通协调者、监督者、记录者和资源整合者的角色。本研究最后提出：影响社会工作者介入机构养老服务的因素主要包括社会认知度、认同感，职业替代性，社会工作者的教育、培训，工资、福利待遇，养老机构的环境变化等五个方面。

According to the impact of different factors in the process of oxygen molecular motion , this paper combines the Monte Carlo with the molecular movement to track the oxygen molecules in the coal gangue pile.The incidence and transport of the oxygen molecules in the coal gangue pile are sampled and a basic molecular motion model is established.Under different environment parameters , we use C language program to simulate and calculate the molecular transport within the coal gangue pile.The simulation uses the incident point as the center and obtains the calculation results of molecular density flow at different radius locations.Studies show that the Monte Carlo method can be used to study the molecular transport , which will help to understand the impact factors related to the detection accuracy in detecting the natural explosion of the coal gangue pile.

This paper introduces the composition and working principle of the vehicle information detection system which uses ARM and DSP processor as hardware architecture.ARM has abundant of network interfaces,it can easily implement network,DSP can provide powerful computing capabilities,to achieve complex operations.This paper combination both of the advantage to formation the vehicle information detection system.This design combination practical situation,it based on fully using current resources,and designed a practical circuit and related program which according with the requirements,it have an important significance of theory and pratical.

针对回采工作面瓦斯涌出治理面临的通风和抽放问题,在某示范矿井2307、3308两个工作面分别进行了综放面内错尾巷和采空区顶板走向长钻孔技术的工业试验.通过分析两项技术的实施效果,得出内错尾巷技术和顶板走向长钻孔技术能够有效遏制上隅角瓦斯超限和工作面瓦斯涌出,减少通风负担.指出了内错尾巷试验中存在的问题,并提出了相应的尾巷布置改造建议;给出了顶板走向长钻孔抽放技术钻孔布置的合理有效的参数.最终肯定了内错尾巷、顶板走向长钻孔技术治理瓦斯的可行性.