智媒时代,青年爱国主义教育呈现出环境拟态化、结构扁平化、内容精准化、媒介智能化等新特征.同时,青年爱国主义教育面临多重现实困境,即"虚拟自由"场域干扰青年爱国主义教育价值认知、"去中心化"传播弱化青年爱国主义教育主体权威、"信息茧房"效应遮蔽青年爱国主义教育信息流入、"圈层文化"现象阻滞青年爱国主义教育传播进路等.为此,须依循"思想引领""主体塑造""内容为王""破立并举"的脉络,实施行之有效的应对策略,以纾解青年爱国主义教育时代之困.

The consequences of relying on solid fuels are disproportionately borne by minorities, the marginalized, and rural communities. However, the social disparities in transitioning from polluting energy to clean energy are not well understood. We track changes in the main energy source used for cooking among Chinese households between 2010 and 2018. We find that the proportion of households who rely on clean energy increased from 53.7% in 2010 to 80.1% in 2018. We detect substantial disparities in clean energy use between rural and urban areas, across regions, and between ethnic minorities and the Han majority. Urban status, regional variations, and household characteristics entirely accounted for the observed ethnic differences in clean energy use. Over time, disparities across rural-urban, regional, and ethnic boundaries declined, and household characteristics became irrelevant to the ethnic differences. Therefore, China's efforts to mitigate the imbalance in socioeconomic development also reduced ethnic inequalities in clean energy use.

"泛娱乐化"是由狭隘的价值追求、多元的驱动要素、完整的产销链路、戏谑的娱乐方式、虚妄的精神信仰等共同型塑的一种现代亚文化叙事图景.从实质上看,"泛娱乐化"是异质思潮与娱乐理念互构衍生的价值扭曲镜像,是资本逻辑与数字技术联合"把持"的文化生产形式,是文化霸权与全球市场共同"打造"的精神异化景观,是心理渴求与情感供给嵌套编织的娱乐狂欢幻像.为有效规约"泛娱乐化"现象,应强化理想信念教育,塑造崇高精神境界;加强主流价值观培育,端正娱乐价值取向;强化资本市场监管,规制娱乐内容生产;合理引导心理需求,培育健康社会心态.

•Different pollutant increments were standardized.•Related references from 2019 to 2022 were added to make the result more reliable.

"四史"教育以党史、新中国史、改革开放史和社会主义发展史为主要教育内容,是培养大学生树立崇高理想信念的重要途径和关键着力点."四史"教育政治方向鲜明、内容指向明确、价值意蕴深厚,有助于大学生确立正确历史观,坚定信仰信念信心;强化政治认同,激发干事创业热情;将"小我"融入"大我",与党和国家同向同行;促进知行合一,投身中华民族复兴伟业.高校可以通过用好思政课堂、组织社会实践、优化校园环境、丰富信息手段,进一步提升以"四史"教育培养大学生理想信念的实效性.

短视频的出场深刻影响着新媒体时代的传播生态,短视频自身简短快捷与操作方便、海量资源与个性化推送、双向互动与趣缘聚合等特征使其成为当前最为火爆的自媒体平台.在短视频语境下,思想政治教育话语面临着话语权威地位降低、话语逻辑思维弱化、话语传播内容遭漠视、话语价值认同淡化等多重挑战.由此,思想政治教育话语应在议题、理念、内容、方式上勇于突破寻求进路,让短视频语境为思想政治教育话语创新赋能.

It is well-acknowledged that attention is important for expert performance in sports. However, the role of interoceptive attention, i.e., the attentional mechanism of awareness and conscious focus of bodily somatic and visceral signals, in self-paced and far-aiming sports remains to be explored. This study aims to investigate the relationship of expertise level and interoceptive attention ability in shooting and archery, and to examine if interoceptive attention can be improved by mindfulness training in elite athletes of shooting and archery. We tested the performance differences of 41 elite athletes from the Chinese national team of shooting and archery and 43 non-elite athletes from a provincial team in breath detection task (BDT) and dot flash detection task (DDT), which were designed to measure interoceptive and exteroceptive attention (i.e., attention toward information input of primary sensory), respectively. Furthermore, we applied mindfulness training to the 41 elite athletes for 5–8 weeks and remeasured their performances of BDT and DDT. Results showed that elite athletes outperformed non-elite athletes in BDT (but not in DDT) both in accuracy (DiffBDT = 11.50%, p = 0.004) and in discrimination sensitivity (d′, DiffBDT = 1.159, p = 0.002). Difference in accuracy and d′ reached significant level only in BDT (accuracy: DiffBDT = −8.50%, p = 0.001; d′: DiffBDT = −0.822, p = 0.003) before and after mindfulness training. These results indicate that elite athletes of shooting and archery (i.e., relative to non-elite athletes) can better perceive the somatic and visceral responses or changes and discriminate these signals from noises. Moreover, interoceptive attention can be improved by mindfulness training. These results have important implications for the selection and training of athletes of shooting and archery.

自评健康是大型问卷调查中的常用变量.有些研究者会依据自评健康的变化来判断受访者的健康变化情况,但这类分析的前提是健康评价标准在不同时间点保持稳定.本文利用具有全国代表性的"中国家庭追踪调查"中情境题面板数据的特殊设计,来分析人们的健康评价标准在两年间是否会发生变化.结果表明,对于健康状况较好的情境人物,大部分年龄组的评价标准在两年间没有明显变化;但对于健康状况较差的情境人物,所有年龄组评价标准呈现下降趋势.固定效应模型结果表明,在45岁-70岁的人群中,日常活动障碍的出现会导致健康评价标准下降.

具有全国代表性样本的中国家庭追踪调查中引入了精简版人格量表,本文旨在评估这套人格测试数据的质量.基于29718个受访者数据,比较了不同问卷设计不同计分组合下的4 种方法计算的得分的信度和效度证据.研究表明,去掉反向提问后,这套简表的信度系数与国外同类调查数据类似,其结构效度与五因子结构拟合度较好,各维度数据与抑郁、幸福感、信任度在相关性方向上与现有文献一致.

The effect of early childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on the development of asthma remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify potential associations between TRAP (fine particulate matter, PM2.5; nitrogen dioxide, NO2; Benzene and total volatile organic pollutants, TVOCs) and childhood asthma by integrating the results from previous studies. Elsevier, LISTA (EBSCO) and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between traffic-related air pollutants and health effects were recovered from individual studies and summary effect estimates (meta-OR) were generated in Review Manager 5.3. Twenty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis and the results showed that TRAP increased the risk of asthma among children: PM2.5 (meta-OR = 1.07, 95% CI:1.00-1.13), NO2 (meta-OR = 1.11, 95% CI:1.06-1.17), Benzene (meta-OR: 1.21, 95% CI:1.13-1.29) and TVOC (meta-OR:1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10). Sensitivity analyses supported these findings. In addition, regional analysis showed that ORs of inorganic TRAP (PM2.5 and NO2) on the risk of childhood asthma were significantly higher in Asia than those in Europe and North America. Subsequent research should focus on the association between organic pollutants in TRAP and childhood asthma. Furthermore, the disentanglement between TRAP and other pollutant sources may be investigated in future studies.

文化育人即以文化人以文育人.在新时代语境中,高校文化育人就是以中国特色社会主义文化为主要内容,通过依托校园文化环境、校园文化活动和校园媒体,推动主流文化融入校园生活,潜移默化地影响大学生的思想价值观念,使其自觉认同并践行社会主义核心价值观,成长为能够担当民族复兴大任的时代新人.

新时代标定了思想政治工作的时代坐标,也引领着思想政治教育话语体系的创新性发展.思想政治教育话语理念要因时而进,树立人民中心、不懈奋斗及面向世界的开放发展理念;思想政治教育话语内容要因势而新,推进时代主题、理想信念及"四个自信"教育;思想政治教育话语方式要因事而化,努力做到因人、因内容、因形式而异.

担当民族复兴大任的时代新人,是有理想、有本领、有担当,有信仰、有信念、有信心,是奋进者、开拓者和奉献者,以及德智体美劳全面发展等品质的有机统一.时代新人具有继承性与发展性统一、民族性与世界性统一、个体性与社会性统一、理想性与现实性统一的特征.

In human life, social context requires the engagement in complex interactions among individuals as the dynamics of social networks. The evolution of the brain as the neurological basis of the mind must be crucial in supporting social networking. Although the relationship between social networking and the amygdala, a small but core region for emotion processing, has been reported, other structures supporting sophisticated social interactions must be involved and need to be identified. In this study, we examined the relationship between morphology of the anterior insular cortex (AIC), a structure involved in basic and high‐level cognition, and social networking. Two independent cohorts of individuals (New York group n = 50, Beijing group n = 100) were recruited. Structural magnetic resonance images were acquired and the social network index (SNI), a composite measure summarizing an individual's network diversity, size, and complexity, was measured. The association between morphological features of the AIC, in addition to amygdala, and the SNI was examined. Positive correlations between the measures of the volume as well as sulcal depth of the AIC and the SNI were found in both groups, while a significant positive correlation between the volume of the amygdala and the SNI was only found in the New York group. The converging results from the two groups suggest that the AIC supports network‐level social interactions.

Literacy skills have been used in some studies as a proxy for premorbid intelligence because they are considered relatively resistant to normal aging. This study aims to explore whether there are signs of decline with aging in literacy skills among Chinese adults with average lower levels of education than their Western peers. Drawing on data from a nationally representative survey, the study uses two repeated literacy tests administered at four-year intervals to investigate at what age literacy skills begin to decline and the effects of possible risk factors. On average, literacy skills have been shown to decline at age 45 and above among Chinese adults. While gender, education, marital status, income, urban status, and subjective cognitive impairment were all associated with the level of literacy skills at baseline, only gender and education were predictive of change over time. Females declined at a slower rate, and the decline appeared to be statistically significant only for those with low education levels. The use of literacy skills as an indicator of premorbid intelligence may need to be reconsidered for the poorly educated. These findings highlight the greater burden of cognitive aging in China due to average low education levels.

何伟的“中国三部曲”抛弃了平面化的情节叙事,转而强调书写“普通人自发构成的历史”,意欲打开主体性的历史空间.“中国三部曲”以美式非虚构技法呈现出“中国”过去和现在的多重面向,以不同的结构方式讲述“中国”的故事,不论是“历史装置”本身无可避免的文学性,还是“普通人”作为“内面风景”的想象性颠倒的概念本身,都指向了由碎片化个体拼贴出的“真实中国”的某种“虚构”或“创意”,名为“中国”的广大地域和其间的“历史”和“真实”被赋予了新的讲述形式.对于中国文坛刚刚兴起的非虚构写作风潮,何伟探求当代中国深层真实的写作方式为局限于社会学及人类学调查报告和知识分子文化乡愁的“中国式”非虚构创作提供了反思的维度和方向.

Objective To establish a sensitive,rapid and robust high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of sufentanil in human plasma.Methods Sufentanil in human plasma was extracted by tert-butyl methyl ether and analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS with fentanyl as the internal standard (IS).Multiple reactions monitoring was used,transitions and collision energies were as follows:sufentanil m/z 387.2→m/z 238.2(27 V),fentanyl m/z 337.2→m/z 158.2 (37 V) in positive electrospray ionization mode.The chromatographic separation was performed on Waters Atlantis Hilic Silica column (2.1 mm ×-50 mm,5 μm),with a flow rate at 0.3 mL · min-1.A gradient elution was applied,mobile phase was 10 mmol · L-1 ammonium formate grid acetonitrile,both containing 0.1％ formic acid.Results The calibration curve was y =9.28 × 10-4x + 1.86 × 10-3 (r =0.997 4),over the concentration range of 2-500 pg · mL-1 was linear,and the lower limit of qualification (LLOQ) was 2 pg · mL-1.The intra-day and inter-day precisions were all less than 10％.Conclusion The assay was successfully applied to the analysis of sufentanil in patients which can provide reliable results.

大学生已成为微博的主要用户,高校微博舆论的特点使其引导难度加大,并对高校传统舆论治理方式提出挑战.高校作为意识形态工作的前沿阵地,要探索微博舆论引导策略,用交流对话代替传统灌输、用科学引导代替避而不谈、用生动活泼代替严肃刻板、用意见领袖的积极引导代替刚性的处理方式,以弘扬高校微博舆论主旋律,激发正能量,营造文明理性的网络生态环境.

社会主义意识形态传播在话语表达方式的创新与优化方面,仍显滞后与不足.意识形态工作者应研究意识形态话语体系建设逻辑及话语传播规律,优化意识形态话语表达方式,贯通政治话语与学术话语,打通官方话语与民间话语,融合理性话语与情感话语,融通对内宣传与对外传播话语,提高社会主义意识形态的社会影响力和认同度.

近年来,我国主流意识形态在传播的渠道、方法、手段上都取得了跨越式进步,但在意识形态传播话语体系的建构、话语方式的创新方面,与我国大国地位和国际水准、与现实需要和时代要求相比,仍然显得滞后与不足,仍存在“声音比较小”“有理说不出”“说了传不开”或“传开叫不响”等多重话语困境.意识形态工作者应研究意识形态话语体系建设逻辑及话语传播规律,丰富话语类型、创新话语表达方式,实现官方话语与民间话语相通、政治话语与学术话语相辅、理性话语与感性话语相融、对内宣传与对外传播话语相映,提高主流意识形态的社会影响力和认同度.