Driven by artificial intelligence and edge computing, federated learning methods have become increasingly advanced and applied in various fields. Specifically, federated learning has been applied in various scenarios in intelligent transportation system (ITS) in which there are privacy issues. Travel time prediction is an important research problem in ITS. In this study, we apply wide-deep-recurrent models in a federated learning framework to predict estimated time of arrival (ETA) of vehicles, which could potentially improve the drivers and passengers' experience in travel service. We also apply periodic layers updating and representational consistent enhancing strategies in synchronous and asynchronous federated learning to improve the model efficiency. In addition, we propose a synchronous learning rate decay method to enhance the efficiency of federated learning. We integrate federated learning frameworks with wide-deep-recurrent learning and use a ride-sharing order records data with multi-dimensional information to predict travel time in a decentralized way to protect personal data privacy. Comparing with the selected baselines, FedAvgPR and FedAsyncPR models can reduce communication cost by about 14.22% and 44.41% to reach a target level of accuracy measured by mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Moreover, synchronous learning-rate decay method not only can reduce the communication cost, but also improve the optimal prediction accuracy by about 1.80% in synchronous federated learning models. Overall, the optimal accuracies of the proposed models range from 8.42% to 10. 21%. The proposed federated learning models could be helpful for improving drivers travel experience while tackling the potential data privacy concerns.

Bottleneck identification can provide a new method to improve service level of urban bus transition network. Based on the theory of traffic percolation, this paper proposes a method to determine the critical service bottlenecks that limit the overall service level and connectivity efficiency of the transit network. This method considers the characteristics of passenger flow, service, and network in the bottleneck and proposes a compound index of quantitative evaluation for the state of section service level. Taking the Shenzhen bus network as an example with the actual passenger volume data, this paper creates the dynamic network topology and identifies service bottlenecks. Finally, the applicability and accuracy of the method are verified, which is of practical significance to the operation and management of the urban bus transit system.

Instance segmentation has been widely applied in building extraction from remote sensing imagery in recent years, and accurate instance segmentation results are crucial for urban planning, construction and management. However, existing methods for building instance segmentation (BSI) still have room for improvement. To achieve better detection accuracy and superior performance, we introduce a Hybrid Task Cascade (HTC)-based building extraction method, which is more tailored to the characteristics of buildings. As opposed to a cascaded improvement that performs the bounding box and mask branch refinement separately, HTC intertwines them in a joint multilevel process. The experimental results also validate its effectiveness. Our approach achieves better detection accuracy compared to mainstream instance segmentation methods on three different building datasets, yielding outcomes that are more in line with the distinctive characteristics of buildings. Furthermore, we evaluate the effectiveness of each module of the HTC for building extraction and analyze the impact of the detection threshold on the model’s detection accuracy. Finally, we investigate the generalization ability of the proposed model.

肛门鳞状细胞癌(anal squamous cell carcino?ma,ASCC)是肛门癌最常见的病理类型,作为一种相对少见的消化道恶性肿瘤,近年来ASCC发病率及死亡率呈上升趋势[1].肛门上皮内瘤变(anal intraep?ithelial neoplasia, AIN)被认为是ASCC的癌前病变[2-4],根据病灶区域鳞状上皮发生非典型增生的不同程度可将其分为AIN 1～3级[4],约有10％的AIN 3级患者在确诊后的5年内发展为ASCC[5],而AIN的发病率年增长率达10％～15％[3].

目的 调查呼吸监护室危重症患者ICU后综合征的发生现状,探讨ICU后综合征发生的影响因素.方法 采取便利抽样方法,抽取在北京市某三级甲等医院ICU病房进行住院治疗后转出的ICU患者共125例.采用由简易精神状态量表、监护室谵妄评估量表、住院焦虑抑郁量表、日常生活活动能力量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、疲劳量表-14对患者认知、心理、生理三方面评估进行ICU后综合征的诊断.采用研究者自行设计的患者一般资料调查表和疾病相关资料调查表对ICU后综合征的影响因素进行测量.结果 本研究实际有效样本量为110例,有59例发生ICU后综合征,发生率为53.6％.Logistic回归分析显示,ICU后综合征的影响因素分别为年龄、有创机械通气时间、无创呼吸机辅助通气时间、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(P＜0.05).结论 ICU患者ICU后综合征的发生率为53.6％,处于较高水平.高龄、有创机械通气时间长、无创呼吸机辅助通气时间长、患有冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病是ICU后综合征的危险因素.医护人员应加大对ICU后综合征的重视,对患者存在的危险因素进行干预,以预防ICU后综合征的发生.

Objective To retrieve and evaluate the evidences for fall prevention in elderly inpatients, and to summary the best evidence. MethodsGuidelines, evidence summaries and systematic reviews related to fall prevention of elderly patients were retrieved in guideline websites and databases by computer from building database to 31st December 2018. Literatures' quality evaluation and evidence grading were carried out with the Chinese version of appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluationⅡ (AGREEⅡ), "2016 Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool on validity evaluation of systematic reviews" and "2014 Joanna Briggs Institute quality level of evidence and grade of recommendation system". ResultsA total of 6 documents were included with 3 guidelines and 3 systematic reviews. Based on evaluation and results extracted, 14 items of the best evidences on fall prevention were summarized in two parts including assessment and prevention, and in 6 aspects involving the medication, facility, environment, functional training, informational support and multifactorial intervention. ConclusionsMedical staff should guide patients to take standardized fall preventive measures to guarantee the safety of patients based on evidence-based medicine.

[目的]了解目前我国监护室护士对重症监护室(ICU)后综合征的认知情况.[方法]采用自行设计的IC U后综合征认知现状调查问卷对来自北京地区及其他地区的774名ICU护士进行了调查.[结果]56.9％ 的IC U护士听说过ICU后综合征,其中有64.1％ 的护士是通过同学、同事分享听到的,其次是通过专家讲座、学术会议、查阅文献、微信微博等网络途径获取的.有35.9％ 的ICU护士者并不清楚ICU后综合征的概念.[结论]整体上护士对ICU后综合征的认知情况不太理想,需让更多的护士了解ICU后综合征,进而帮助病人减少ICU后综合征的发生.

ObjectiveTo evaluate and summarize the best available evidences of prevention measures of falling down for the elderly in care facilities.MethodsGuidelines and systematic reviews regarding falling down prevention measures for the elderly in care facilities were collected from Cochrane Library,JBI Library,Registered Nurses′Association of Ontario(RNAO),National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC),PubMed,EMbase,Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline (SIGN),British Medical Journal Best Practice,BMJ Best Practice,CBM,WanaFang Database and CNKI.The quality evaluation of the literature and data extraction were conducted by three researchers.Then evidence from the literature that met the quality standards was summarized.Results8 articles were enrolled,including 2 guidelines and 6 systematic reviews.There were 24 best practice evidences,including assessment of fall risks,guarantee of a safe environment,encouragement of initiative participation in fall prevention,health education,multifactorial interventions measures,exercise interventions and physical training,medication,dietary interventions,hip protectors,podiatry interventions and educational training.ConclusionIt is suggested that managers and health caregivers of care facilities should take fall preventions for elderly people based on evidences at relevant levels to ensure their safety.

In light of the recent trends in young people’s travel behavior and the importance of attitudes in influencing behavioral decisions, this study examines the generational differences in attitudes towards private cars and their interactions with car ownership and car use. Data are derived from a travel diary sample survey conducted in 2016 in Beijing, China, which include information about travel attitudes, car ownership, and car use. A multiple-group modeling framework capable of performing group comparison by allowing parameters to differ across different groups is applied to analyze the data. We find significant differences among different generations in terms of attitudes towards cars and their influences on car ownership, holding a driver’s license, and trips by cars. Young adults, in particular, show less favorable attitudes towards private cars and less prominent attitude-behavior associations than older groups do. They are also found to be less pragmatic about car use. Findings of this study shed new lights on the psychological factors on car-related choices and the significant differences between different generations, which are relevant for policies targeting on reducing car dependency and promoting a more sustainable lifestyle.

目的 总结膝关节置换术后患者出院随访的最佳证据,为临床实践提供参考.方法 计算机检索美国指南网、英国卫生与临床优化研究所、苏格兰学院间指南网、加拿大临床医学实践网、国际指南网、澳大利亚国家卫生和医学研究委员会网站、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网、Cochrane Library、Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库、护理累积索引数据库、UpToDate、BMJ best practice、Embase、PubMed、中国知网数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普数据库关于膝关节置换术后患者出院随访的所有证据,包括指南、系统评价、证据总结、推荐实践以及随机对照试验.结果 共纳入文献9篇,包括临床决策1篇、指南2篇、系统评价3篇、随机对照试验1篇、专家共识2篇,总结最佳证据包括随访时间和方式、身体评估、药物管理、出院康复、健康教育5个主题,共17条.结论 本研究总结了膝关节置换术后出院随访的最佳证据,护理人员应接受相关培训,将最佳证据真正应用于临床,但在应用最佳证据时,还应考虑患者意愿和具体临床情况,结合专业判断,形成有效、可行的随访策略,从而提高护理质量.

综述了ICU获得性吞咽障碍的概念、机制、流行病学及发生现状,ICU获得性吞咽障碍发生的危险因素、危害及评估方法,提示医护人员应对获得性吞咽障碍的高危病人给予高度关注,对已发生获得性吞咽障碍的病人要及时采取一定的措施,预防获得性吞咽障碍并发症的发生.

Understanding urban functions and their relationships with human activities has great implications for smart and sustainable urban development. In this study, we present a novel approach to uncover...

Spatial structure is a fundamental characteristic of cities that influences the urban functioning to a large extent. While administrative partitioning is generally done in the form of static spatial division, understanding a more temporally dynamic structure of the urban space would benefit urban planning and management immensely. This study makes use of a large-scale mobile phone positioning dataset to characterize the diurnal dynamics of the interaction-based urban spatial structure. To extract the temporally vibrant structure, spatial interaction networks at different times are constructed based on the movement connections of individuals between geographical units. Complex network community detection technique is applied to identify the spatial divisions as well as to quantify their temporal dynamics. Empirical analysis is conducted using data containing all user positions on a typical weekday in Shenzhen, China. Results are compared with official zoning and planned structure and indicate a certain degree of expansion in urban central areas and fragmentation in industrial suburban areas. A high level of variability in spatial divisions at different times of day is detected with some distinct temporal features. Peak and pre-/post-peak hours witness the most prominent fluctuation in spatial division indicating significant change in the characteristics of movements and activities during these periods of time. Findings of this study demonstrate great potential of large-scale mobility data in supporting intelligent spatial decision making and providing valuable knowledge to the urban planning sectors.

宋代诗话因受党争影响而大致可以分为熙宁派、元祐派、不专主、特例四种情况.从诸家对苏轼的接受来看,固然存在见仁见智的美学可能,但因掺入了党争因素,同一个对象折射出千姿百态的影像.通过对照解析,至少可以较充分地展现苏轼的基本特性与多面性,为更贴切地反映这位文坛领袖提供了诗学依据.

How different functional regions in urban space are distributed and dynamically changing is determined by how their residents interact with them, which is crucial for urban managers to make urban planning decisions, respond to emergency quickly. Based on these, this paper proposed a novel approach for the probability based labelling individual activities which can be further used to explore the distribution of social land use at base tower station (BTS) level using a combination of multi-source spatiotemporal data, namely, call data and checkin data. We applied an experiment in Shenzhen, China, and the result is compared to Tencent Street View to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to infer urban functional regions. _______________________________________________________ Jinzhou CAO State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China Email: caojinzhou@whu.edu.cn Wei TU (Corresponding author) Key Laboratory for Geo-Environment Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China Email: tuwei@szu.edu.cn Qingquan LI (Corresponding author) Key Laboratory for Geo-Environment Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China. Email: liqq@szu.edu.cn Meng ZHOU Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China. Email: zhoumeng@life.hkbu.edu.hk Rui CAO School of Geodesy and Geometics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China Email: cr@whu.edu.cn CUPUM 2015 264-Paper

虽然《冷斋夜话》所选陶渊明诗文仅三篇，但这些作品是惠洪审美理想的最佳载体。因此，以《诗话总龟》《苕溪渔隐丛话》《诗人玉屑》《诗林广记》等为参照进行文献考辨，以杜甫、李白、韩愈等其他典范诗人为参照进行理论解析，可知宋人的时代风尚和审美趣味已不同于唐代，他们求新求变，重视社会关怀，因而对前代范例诗人的理解或是已然不同，或是关注点悄然变化，而这正是宋诗努力塑造自身风格的理论体现。

The citations of 14 works by 12 monk poets of the Tang and the Five Dynasties in bring to light certain aspects of the Buddhist poems and the lives and practice of the monks in this period. Therefore, the collections of poems by these monk poets and , along with such texts as shihua-zonggui,zhaoxi-yuyin-conghua,shiren-yuxie Shilin-guangji, after strict scrutiny, can help us better understand the interplay between Buddhism and Chinese literature.

惠洪《冷斋夜话》和《天厨禁脔》称引王安石诗共25首，数量排在杜甫、苏轼、黄庭坚之后。这些称引虽然不能全面展现王安石诗的主体风貌，但由于王安石在宋代政坛和文坛具有特殊地位，惠洪对王安石诗的称引包含着丰富的诗学意义。本文以《王荆公诗注》为参照，配以《诗话总龟》、《苕溪渔隐丛话》、《诗人玉屑》、《诗林广记》等文献，通过考辨去伪存真，梳理相关诗学观念，无疑有助于加深对惠洪和宋代主流诗论的理解。

Han Yu wondered whether the contravention between Buddhism theory and art creation could be conciliated or not in the preface of anthology about Han Yu’s send-off with his friendly monk named Gao Xian,which had been puzzling scholars of different genre all along.The Chinese Buddhism sect named Hong Zhou settled Han Yu’s doubt and therefore developed two ways concerning art creation attaching to monks and earthling.Comprehending the difference of two ways would result in not only thoroughly apprehending art creation of monks but deeply catching on their distinction and influence each other.

Jiao Ran,who called himself Xie Lingyun's tenth generation grandson,turned the literature achievements of his grandfather to an extreme high quality degree,the cause of which chiefly resulted from his admission of Xie Lingyun's political consciousness and political spirit,which reflects a positive life mentality of the officials under the background of Tang Dezong's thriving age.