目的 根据广东高温高湿特点,为解决我省储粮害虫抗性严重、药效期短的问题,研究延长药效为有效预防及控制储粮害虫危害及保护粮食安全提供科学依据.方法 研究应用界面聚合法制造微胶囊剂,高速搅拌下加入农药、囊壁材料,通过控制加料速度及搅拌速度控制微胶囊大小,反应形成微胶囊悬浮剂,加入不同载体、稳定剂等经再混合后制成1.0％甲基嘧啶硫磷一溴氰菊酯微胶囊剂.结果 经试验,5ppm、8ppm微胶囊杀虫剂对谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica、玉米象Sitophilus zeamais motschulsy、赤拟谷盗Tribolium castanamensis.粮食保存1年杀灭率为95％以上.结论 1.0％甲基嘧啶硫磷一溴氰菊酯微胶囊剂掩盖了农药异味,可广泛应用于各种原粮中,而且是两种不同作用机制药剂混用,可延缓害虫对其产生抗性延长产品使用寿命,经检测,1.0％微胶囊剂在粮食上残留量甲基嘧啶硫磷小于1 mg/kg、溴氰菊酯小于0.1mg/kg,符合国家食品卫生标准,能确保我省粮食储存安全.

Aiming at the problem of upper pest of the warehouse to eliminate difficultly,four kinds of propoxur or metolcarb or cypermethrin and trichlorfon pesticide smoke agents are developed about the project team,smoked agents on the insecticidal activity of stored grain insect Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus zeamais prepared were determined. The results show that: the fumigant ignited to produce a large number of white clouds,the effective material is evenly dispersed. The test results show that the smoke agent storage stability,ignition temperature higher than 180 ℃ ,when the auxiliary fuel (chaff) and oxidant (ammonium nitrate) with mass ratio of 3∶1,preparation of the smoke agent combustion stability without fire,The mortality was above 90% applying 5% MTMC-trichlorfon and 2. 5% propoxur-cypermethrin in dosage 5 g/m3 of Maize weevil and resistant strain (phosphine resistance,hereinafter the same) or Rhizopertha dominica and resistant strain min was 30. The barn 5% MTMC-trichlorfon and 2. 5% propoxur-cypermethrin smoke agent at 6.0 g/m3 closed 72 h to the maize weevil and resistant strain,Rhizopertha dominica and resistant strain effect is the mortality was above 90% ,dosage of 4.5 g/m3 positive rate of maize weevil and resistant strain effect was more than 90% ,the product is safe and reliable,and has a good application prospect.

Summary of the serious loss of grain,the grain storage process control methods are backward status quo,the thesis the need for the application of biological control methods to control stored grain pests by the application of 8 mg/kg fenoxycarb,of 5 mg/kg dual oxygen Viagra +1 mg/kg diflubenzuron,the 5 mg/kg dual oxygenWei +2 mg/kg de-worming urea 8 mg/kg fenoxycarb +2 mg/kg diflubenzuron,8 mg/kg fenoxycarb +3 mg/kg diflubenzuron,10 mg/kg fenoxycarb,10 mg/kg fenoxycarb +2 mg/kg the diflubenzuron store rice,to ensure that almost no insects on rice a year.

应用智能超声雾化调质机,采取下行式内循环方式对即将轮换出库的1380 t稻谷进行调质通风试验.试验时间累计210 h,其中调质通风140 h,均衡粮堆水分和温度通风70 h.全仓稻谷平均水分由11.16%上升到11.74%,增幅0.58个百分点.期间仓内基本无明水、无结露产生,粮情稳定,取得了比较理想的效果.

低温储粮是一种科学、先进、绿色的储粮技术,具有保质、防霉、保鲜的作用。在仓房屋面涂刷一种新型太空隔热涂膜,利用其独特的绝热系统,反射太阳能量、降低热传导和物体结构上的热效力,有效地降低仓温,使粮温缓慢上升,进而延缓粮食品质劣变,达到比较理想的效果。

The high effective attractant was made with food volatiles and several stored product insects pheromone,which was microencapsuled by porous starch.The trapping effect on insects was studied in Lubei National Grain Storage Depot and Center Depot of Zhongshan Grain Reserve Management Ltd.respectively.The results showed that this attractant could effectively forecast occurrence of booklice population,and comparing with the traditional probe sampling,the insects numbers which trapped by the attractant coincided with the actual damage tendency of pests,furthermore,this attractant could also forecast the occurrence position of stored grain insects.In Center Depot of Zhongshan Grain Reserve Management Ltd.,the results showed that it had more significant trapping effect against booklice by combining the attractant with self-made trapper than the Moth patrol traps,the insects amounts trapped by the attractant were up to 6,500 heads of booklice,meanwhile,the field test also discovered that there were significant difference in trapping booklice between the south-west corner and north-west corner in the warehouse.

选取溴氰菊酯和马拉硫磷原药为微胶囊芯料,在高速搅拌下通过界面聚合法形成微胶囊,加入稳定剂、增稠剂及载体后制成2.5%谷物保护剂储粮安,经试验散装粮应用8mg/kg、10mg/kg和12mg/kg及包装粮10mg/kg、12mg/kg,对主要储粮害虫药效维持在一年以上,达到基本无虫标准。