The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Descurainia sophia (DS) on proliferation, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress of high glucose (HG)-induced mouse podocytes and its regulation of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1. In vitro cultured immortal mouse podocytes were divided into Con group, HG group, HG+DS-L group, HG+DS-M group, HG+DS-H group. si-NC and si-KCNQ1OT1 were transfected respectively into podocytes, followed by 30 mmol/L glucose intervention for 24 h. pcDNA, pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1 were transfected into podocytes, followed by 200 mu g/mLDS and 30 mmol/L glucose intervention for 24 h. CCK-8 method and colony-forming assay were taken to detect cell proliferation ability; flow cytometry was adopted to detect apoptosis rate; qRT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of KCNQ1OT1; Western blot method was used to detect Nephrin, GRP78, GRP94, and Caspase 12 protein expressions. We found that DS enhanced the proliferation of high glucose-induced podocytes (P<0.05), increased the number of clones formed (P<0.05), reduced the apoptosis rate and GRP78, GRP94, Caspase 12 protein levels (P<0.05), and increased Nephrin protein level (P<0.05). High glucose-induced podocytes had increased KCNQ1OT1 expression level (P<0.05). DS reduced KCNQ1OT1 expression level (P<0.05). The inhibition of KCNQ1OT1 expression resulted increase in the survival rate and nephrin protein level of high glucose-induced podocytes (P<0.05), increase in the number of clones formed (P<0.05), reduce in apoptosis rate and GRP78, GRP94, Caspase 12 protein levels (P<0.05). KCNQ1OT1 overexpression reduced DS effect on high glucose-induced podocyte proliferation, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It is concluded that D. sophia can promote high glucose induced podocyte proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress by down-regulating the expression of KCNQ1OT1, thereby reducing podocyte damage in diabetic nephropathy.

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium-derived glycosides (TG) after 3-month and 6-month of treatments of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to resolve the conflict between medicine guidance and clinical practice for TG application. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials involving TG application in treating DN. We extensively searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wan-Fang, CBM, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and WHO International Clinical Trial Registration Platform till November 2020, along with grey literature for diabetes and all other relevant publications to gather eligible studies. Based on the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria, document screening, quality assessment of methodology, and data extraction was conducted by two researchers independently. The methodological quality was assessed by the Cochrane risk test from the Cochrane Handbook 5.2, and then analyses were performed by Review Manager 5.3 (Rev Man 5.3). The quality of output evidence was classified by GRADE. Results Thirty-one eligible studies (2764 patients) were included for this meta-analysis. Our study results showed a comparable significant decrease in the 24 h-UTP and blood creatinine levels in DN patients from both 3-month and 6-month TG treatment groups, compared with the routine symptomatic treatment alone. To the contrary of the findings from the included studies, our results showed that the occurrence of serious adverse reaction events was significantly higher in the TG treated group with 6 months of treatment duration compared to that of 3 months of the treatment course. However, the total AR ratio was slightly varied while increasing the percent of severe adverse events. GRADE assessment indicated that the quality of evidence investigating TG-induced adverse reactions was moderate and that for 24 h-UTP and blood creatinine indicators were considerably low. Conclusion Combinatorial treatment regimen including TG can significantly decrease the pathological indicators for DN progression, while it can also simultaneously predispose the patient to a higher risk for developing severe adverse events, as the medicine guidance indicates. Notably, even in 3-month of course duration smaller percent of severe adverse events can get to a fatal high percent and is likely to increase proportionally as the TG treatment continues. This suggests that TG-mediated DN treatment duration should be optimized to even less than 3 continuous months to avoid adverse event onset-associated further medical complications in DN patients. In clinical practice, serious attention should be paid to these severe side-effects even in a course normally considered safe, and importantly more high-quality studies are urgently warranted to obtain detailed insights into the balance between the efficacy and safety profiles of TG application in treating DN.

理中汤为临床常用方剂,具有温中散寒、补气健脾的功效.通过对理中汤治疗自汗、痞满、不寐、遗精、虚劳等5则验案进行分析,发现上述5则案例虽然临床表现各不相同,分属于西医学不同系统的疾病,但从中医辨证论治角度分析,均属于"脾胃虚寒"证型.故而,以温阳健脾之法随证治之,疗效显著,说明中医诊治疾病,更强调人体整体机能状态的调整,更侧重人体脏腑阴阳平衡的修复.自汗、痞满、不寐、遗精、虚劳等5种疾病,都可以从温阳健脾的角度入手而用理中汤治疗,说明中医治病的核心理念是透过表象看其本质,透过病症看其病机,这也是中医"异病同治"的机理所在.

国家级名医刘云鹏教授认为不孕症的发生湿寒热邪侵袭为标,肝脾肾功能失调为本,临床灵活运用清热利湿法、清热化瘀法、温经活血法、补肾养血法、舒肝健脾法、脾肾双补法六法治疗不孕症,临床疗效满意.

We discussed the important effects of case teaching methodology on teaching of TCM undergraduates from five aspects of helping students to cultivate the thinking of treatment based on syndrome, deepening the cognition for TCM basic theory, cultivating the students' ability of problem analysis and solution, consolidating professional thinking and improving traditional cultural qualities.

Classical prescription in treating arthralgia syndrome is not treatment based on disease differentiation,nor based on an experiential effective recipe,but mainly according to the symptoms to apply six channels and formula-pattern syndrome differentiation,namely according to the characteristics of the patient's symptoms,first identifying six channels,following identifying the prescription,and syndrome differentiation obtained to cure disease from prescription corresponding to syndrome.This paper explained the thought ‘arthralgia is much in Shaoyin,but is in six channels as well’ which was proposed by HU Xi-shu,combined with clinical commonly used formula-pattern,and further analyzed this thought combined with clinical case of professor FENG Shi-lun.

The reasons and necessity of prolonging social practice time of the postgraduate majored in TCM at the grass-roots units were explored from seven aspects: easy to observe clinical effects of herbs, beneficial to enhancing the students' strength of getting a job, convenient to promote scientific cooperation, avoiding social practice becoming a mere formality, confronting current state of short of the doctor and medicine in the grass-roots unit, understanding the improvements of medical conditions in the grass-roots unit and alleviating current severe employment circumstances, hence, to provide the reference for the postgraduates in TCM colleges launching social practice.

感受外邪、肝气不舒、体内有湿热是造成关节酸痛的三种常见原因. 感受外邪 感受外邪是造成关节酸痛的最常见原因.或因衣着单薄,或因天气突变,风邪、寒邪、湿邪乘机侵袭人体肌表,使经络运行受阻,气血失于流通,而致“通则不痛,痛则不通”.2000多年前的《黄帝内经》中已有关于这种病变的记载:“风寒湿三气杂至,合而为痹也.”我们每个人都有过感冒发烧的经历,那时的浑身酸痛、骨节疼痛就是由于风寒邪气的侵袭而造成的.

The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the gastric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in a rat model of diabetic gastroparesis (DGP). The gastric tissues were collected from 75 rats, which had been divided into three equal groups (n=25/group): Blank, model and EA. Hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the cellular morphology and distribution of c-kit-positive gastric ICCs; light microscopy was used to count the number of ICCs; and electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of the rat ICCs. Compared with the model group, the gastromucosal glandular and smooth muscle cells of the EA group were more regularly arranged, with fewer vacuoles; there was an increased cellular gap and the vacuolar degeneration on the gastric walls was mild. Image analysis showed that the blank group exhibited the greatest number of c-kit-positive ICCs, and the number of c-kit-positive ICCs in the blank group was significantly different from that in the model and EA groups (P<0.01): Blank group > EA group > model group. In conclusion, DGP rats exhibited a reduced number of gastric ICCs, altered ultrastructural morphology and a reduced number of cell organelles, particularly mitochondria, compared with the blank group. EA may help to reverse the various pathological changes of gastric ICCs in rat models of DGP.

多年的中医医案教学认为,在中医本科教学中,学习医案是从基础课程向临床实践过渡的重要桥梁,加强医案学习,有利于整合各科专业知识,有利于深化理论认识,有利于拓展临床思路,为其今后的临床实践打下良好基础.

自古至今，五运六气与疾病的相关性就是中医运气学说研究的主要内容之一。古人以五运配以天干，以六气配以地支，用于分析、预测每年气候变化和疾病流行的一般规律，为临床疾病的诊断和治疗以及预测疾病流行趋势提供参考［1］。目前的研究主要包括两个方面：一方面是分析疾病的发生、流行与运气理论的关联程度；另一方面是利用运气学说总结疾病预防和治疗的规律。我们对近10年发表的五运六气与疾病发病及防治的相关性研究论文进行综述，介绍当前的研究进展。

阳气不足人会怕冷 一般来讲,这种怕冷的人多属于体内阳气不足.中医认为,气对人体具有温暖、温煦的作用.如果体内阳气不足,这种温暖、温煦的作用就要减弱,人就会觉得怕冷了. 体内的阳气为什么会不足呢?归纳起来,不外乎两点:或由于先天不足,自打生下来体质就比一般人差;或由于后天失养,使体内的阳气过度耗伤.

通过对《中医各家学说》课程河间学派的教学实践探索认为,“玄府气液论”在刘完素学术思想中占有重要地位,其与刘完索提出的“六气皆从火化”“五志过极皆为热甚”,以及火热病证的治疗均密切相关.讲授与学习“玄府气液论”,深入理解刘河间的学术思想及组方用药思路大有裨益.

李奶奶75岁了，平素患有高血压。最近几天，随着气温升高，李奶奶总觉得胸闷、心慌，好像气不够用似的。为什么会出现这种情况呢？

最近一段时间,54岁的老张总是耳鸣,搞得他心烦意乱,睡眠质量也严重下降.去医院看了,医生说他是肝火上冲,肯定有着急的事儿.可不是嘛,为了外出旅游的事,老张和老伴正在怄气呢! 肝火上冲 肝火上冲是造成耳鸣耳聋的最常见原因.

本文通过搜集、整理民国医家周小农于当时所发表的期刊文章,选择其中较有代表性者,从学术观点、临床经验、建言献策等3个方面对其言论进行梳理总结,为系统研究周氏学术思想提供基本素材.

Lu Zhaolin professor thinks,at present,according to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine classification method is not conducive to a comprehensive understanding and grasp of the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical application.Understanding of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine,we should start from the overall regulation of drugs on the human body,and make full use of the theory closely related to traditional Chinese medicine properties such as the four properties and five tastes,ascending-descending-floating-sinking,medicinal guide,etc.Meanwhile the modern pharmacological research achievements should be taken to accurately grasp the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.

周安方教授认为,"肾虚肝实"是男科疾病的基本病机,并针对性地运用"补肾泻肝"法治疗男科疾病,疗效显著.文章中选取周老师运用"补肾泻肝"法治疗肾虚血瘀型、肾虚肝郁型、湿热肾虚型阳痿验案3则进行分析,可资临床参考.

为什么会呃逆? 健康人受到精神刺激后或快速吞咽干燥食物,而同时较少饮水时,都可发生呃逆.呃逆往往自行消失.这样看来,吃饭时咀嚼慢一点,而且有水或稀粥同吃,就可减少呃逆. 中医认为,饮食不节,过食生冷,或外感寒邪,深入胃肠,停滞于胃,胃阳被遏,胃气不降,反而上逆,可发生呃逆.而喜吃辛辣食物,使胃内积热产生,胃火上冲也可发生呃逆.中医认为呃逆一证有虚实寒热不同.其实,只要生活饮食科学、合理,针对病因治疗引起呃逆的慢性病,就可祛除呃逆.

Professor ZHOU Anfang treating chronic prostatitis has special thoughts and opinions at the pathogenesis ,the symptoms ,the syndromes and the treatment methods .First ,he believes that“kidney deficiency and liver excess”is the basic pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis .Second ,he divides the symptoms of chronic prostatitis into six categories:the voiding symptoms ,pelvic floor symptoms ,emotional symptoms ,sexual symptoms ,psychiatric symptoms ,somatic symptoms .Third ,ac-cording to the classification America National Institutes of health ,he divides the disease into four types of accumulation of damp and heat ,stasis of damp and heat ,kidney deficiency and blood stasis ,kidney-qi deficiency .He summarizes 7 kinds of treatment methods of this disease .They are heat-clearing and detoxifying ,removing dampness and change chaotic ,disperse and rectify the depressed liver-energy ,promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals ,invigorating kidney-yang ,nour-ishing kidney-yin ,tonifying kidney to treat polyuria .Based symptoms and syndromes ,used several methods to treat the pa-tients ,along with symptom to use different medication .