When spindle thermal extension modeling, it shows a non-linear relationship between temperature rise of critical measuring points and thermal extension of spindle; meanwhile, the structure of mathematical model should truly reflect characteristics of actual machining conditions. In order to solve the problem of multiple linear regression equation ambiguity and the difficulty of expressing non-linear feature in thermal extension modeling, on the basis of multiple linear regression modeling, a new modeling method of the shortest distance analysis (SDA) in the neighborhood of reference point is proposed. Non-linear relationship between temperature rise of critical measuring points and thermal extension of spindle is expressed by their multidimensional space lattice, the multiple linear regression prediction value of thermal extension serves as the reference point, according to the principle of the nearest neighbor approximation, the prediction value is selected from the measured values in the neighborhood of reference point; thus, the problem of multiple linear regression equation ambiguity is solved, and the prediction accuracy of thermal extension modeling is also improved.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a high morbidity and disability disease with numerous inflammatory cells infiltrating in interstitial of articular cartilages and bones. As the most abundant inflammatory cells, neutrophil has been reported that their apoptosis changed gradually in the circumstance of RA. Apoptosis, one modality of programmed cell death (PCD), is closely associated with autophagy, which indicates neutrophil autophagy may also alter in RA. Flow cytometry, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscope and multiplex antibody microarray were used to comparative investigate the status of neutrophil autophagy in patients with RA and in vitro. The results showed that the expression of autophagy related LC3 protein was up-regulated with lower lysosomal pH in neutrophils from synovial fluid of RA and changed under stimulation of CQ and small RNA interferences (siRNAs) Atg5 transfection, which proved in acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell lines, predominantly a neutrophilic promyelocyte, treated by plasma and synovial fluid from RA. We further found out the concentration of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 was higher in their synovial fluid which may mediate neutrophil autophagy in RA via cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and IL-17 signaling pathway. Our results indicate that neutrophil autophagy may be a novel perspective to understand the pathology which may provide a new maker to diagnose RA and IL-8, IL-10, MCP-1 specific antagonists and neutrophil autophagy target inhibitors may improve the therapeutic effect of RA someday.

Depression has been considered as the results of genes-environment interaction, however, its mechanism requires further elucidation. The latter is focusing particular interest in recent reports, because the gut microbiota can vary according to diet and environmental factors, which is modulated by the host genes and influences. And the gut microbiota has been widely recognized and valued. It is bidirectional communication with the central nervous system. These data further support the role of the gut microbiota as promoter of systemic microinflammation in depression, inducing the steady state unbalanced, which may disturb the microbiota-gut-brain axis, therefore the gut microbiota has play an important role in the occurrence of depression. The unbalance of microbiota is associated with the depression and depression-related behaviors. The change of microbial community structure may be related to the gut microbiota translocation, the immune system activation, and the over excitation of the HPA axis in patients with depression. Therefore, it is a tempting speculation and an application prospect, which would support the attempt to prevent and treat neuropsychiatric disease like depression by modulating intestinal balance.

目的 寻找能预测原发性胃腺癌（gastric adenocarcinoma，GAC）浸润、转移及预后的指标。方法 采用免疫组织化学ElivisionTM plus法检测261例GAC组织和80例正常胃黏膜组织中Slug、ZEB1和KISS-1蛋白的表达情况。结果 在正常胃黏膜组织中Slug、ZEB1和KISS-1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为2.5%，1.3%和87.5%；在GAC组织中阳性表达率分别为62.1%、29.1%和45.2%，两组之间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Slug在GAC组织中的阳性表达率与肿瘤组织的浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床病理分期均相关；ZEB1在GAC组织中的阳性表达率与分化程度、浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移及临床病理分期高低均相关；KISS-1在GAC组织中的阳性表达率与浸润深度、淋巴结转移与否及临床病理分期均有关。Slug的表达和ZEB1的表达呈正相关关系；KISS-1与Slug和ZEB1呈负相关关系。Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明Slug和ZEB1蛋白阳性表达组患者总的生存时间明显低于其阴性组患者；KISS-1阳性表达组患者总的生存时间明显高于其阴性组患者。COX多因素模型分析显示，Slug、ZEB1和KISS-1蛋白的阳性表达以pTNM分期是影响GAC患者预后的独立因素。结论 Slug、ZEB1和KISS-1的异常表达参与了GAC的发生，并与 GAC的淋巴结转移、pTNM分期及预后等均有关；Slug、ZEB1和 KISS-1联合检测对 GAC的进展及预后判断有重要意义。

1 Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China 2 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China 3 Department of Science and Technology, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China

Background Paclitaxel induced fatigue still remains underrecognized and undertreated, partly because of limited understanding of its pathophysiology and lack of effective treatments. This study is aim to evaluate the anti-fatigue effects and mechanism of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill in murine 4 T1 breast cancer mice were treated with paclitaxel. Methods Breast cancer mice established with murine 4 T1 cells were randomly and repectively divided into five groups: negative control group (NC), tumor control group (TC), paclitaxel group (PTX), Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill group (BZYQ) and Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill plus paclitaxel group (BZYQ + PTX). The mice were administered for 21 days. During this period, the tumor volume, body weight and the weight-loaded swimming time were measured. After the last administration, all mice were sacrificed, weighted the tumor, measured immune cell cytokines and oxidative stress indicator. The remaining 10 mice in each group were observed for survival analysis. Results Treatments with BZYQ + PTX and PTX significantly reduced the rates of tumor volume in comparison with TC starting on the 9th day and the 18th day respectively (P < 0.05-0.01), and presented decreased tumor weight compared to TC (P < 0.05-0.01). Compared with mice in TC group, the median survival time and the average survival time in BZYQ + PTX group, BZYQ group and PTX group were significantly prolonged (P < 0.05-0.01). The swimming time of the BZYQ + PTX group gradually increased, which is longer than the PTX group on Day 14 and Day 21 (P < 0.01). The level of TNF-α was lower in BZYQ + PTX group than PTX group (P < 0.01). The level of SOD activity in BZYQ + PTX group was lower than the NC group (P <0.01), but much higher than the PTX group (P < 0.01). The level of MDA of BZYQ + PTX group was higher than the NC group (P < 0.01), but significant lower than the PTX group (P < 0.01). Conclusions BZYQ has the potential of alleviating paclitaxel chemotherapy-related fatigue in 4 T1 breast cancer mice by reducing the serum levels of TNF-α and modulating the level of MDA and the SOD activity.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sub-health and traditional Chinese medical constitution types in employees.Methods:An investigation was carried out in 5 316 employees of a company with Sub-health and Traditional Chinese Medical Constitution Questionnaire.We established a database by using the Epidata 3.0 software.Two investigators independently extracted the data,and SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:We got 5 000 effective questionnaires,and the effective response rate was 94.05%.In the admitted 5 000 employees,the incidence of sub-health state was 76.8%.Harmonious constitution type in the healthy population accounted for 83.4%,and disharmonious constitution type accounted for 16.6%;in sub-healthy population,the harmonious constitution type accounted for 42.2%,and disharmonious constitution tyoe accounted for 57.8%.There was significant difference in health status(P﹤ 0.01).The results of constitution types and sub-health regression model showed that harmonious constitution,qi-deficiency constitution,phlegm constitution,blood stasis constitution and qi-stagnation constitution were included in the model.The harmonious constitution type was negatively correlated with the sub-health,which was a protective factor of sub-health state.The constitution types of qi-deficiency,phlegm,blood stasis constitution and qi-stagnation were positively correlated with the sub-health,which were the risk factors of sub-health state.Conclusion:Sub-health state is relatively common in the employees,and the disharmonious constitution is prone to the sub-health population.Harmonious constitution is not prone to the sub-health population.Constitution types of qi-deficiency,phlegm,blood stasis constitution and qi-stagnation are the risk factors for the sub-health population.

To evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on albuminuria levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), we performed comprehensive searches on Medline database, Cochrane Library, CNKI database, CBM database, Wanfang database, and VIP database up to December 2012. A total of 29 trials including 2440 participants with DN met the selection criteria. CHM was tested to be more effective in reducing urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) (MD −82.95 μ g/min, [−138.64, −27.26]) and proteinuria (MD −565.99 mg/24 h, [−892.41, −239.57]) compared with placebo. CHM had a greater beneficial effect on reduction of UAER (MD −13.41 μ g/min, [−20.63, −6.19]) and proteinuria (MD −87.48 mg/24 h, [−142.90, −32.06]) compared with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). Combination therapy with CHM and ACEI/ARB showed significant improvement in UAER (MD −28.18 μ g/min, [−44.4, −11.97]), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (MD −347.00, [−410.61, −283.39]), protein-creatinine ratio (MD −2.49, [−4.02, −0.96]), and proteinuria (MD −26.60 mg/24 h, [−26.73, −26.47]) compared with ACEI/ARB alone. No serious adverse events were reported. CHM seems to be an effective and safe therapy option to treat proteinuric patients with DN, suggesting that further study of CHM in the treatment of DN is warranted in rigorously designed, multicentre, large-scale trials with higher quality worldwide.

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between sub-health status and the health-promoting lifestyle of employees. METHODS A total of 5316 employees in a company in Guangdong were surveyed using sub-health measurement scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) and the health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP-II). The former scale included 3 subscales of somatic sub-health, psychological sub-health and social sub-health, and the latter included 6 subscales of self-actualization, healthy responsibility, physical exercise, nutrition, interpersonal sensitivity and stress treatment. RESULTS The total healthy rate was 12.86% among the employees, with 76.76% and 10.5% in sub-health and disease states. The mean scores of HPLP-II was 115.95∓21.468 in the total population surveyed, 134.23∓24.72 in healthy employees and 114.69∓19.25 in the patients. There was a significant difference in the grades of health-promoting lifestyle between sub-healthy and healthy employees (P<0.05) as well as in the scores of HPLP-II and the scores of the 6 subscales (P<0.05). An appreciable correlation was found between sub-health status and the 6 subscales, and self-realization, physical exercise and stress management showed significant inverse correlation with sub-health status. CONCLUSION Sub-health status is related to health-promoting lifestyle, and self-realization, physical exercise and management are the protective factors that influence sub-health status.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical data were collected from 151 inpatients with SLE.Univariate analysis and Logistic regression were conducted to analyze the risk factors of CAP.Results The incidence of CAP in the 151 patients with SLE was 29.1%.Age,disease course,low white blood cells,low complement levels,liver and kidney dysfunction,low albumin,hyperglobulinaemia,interstitial lung disease (ILD),serositis and immunosuppressive agents were closely related to CAP in these patients.Logistic regression analysis identified ILD,low complement levels,hyperglobulinemia and immunosuppressive agents as the risk factors for CAP.Conclusion Vigorous control of SLE and minimizing the risk factors may prove to be an effective approach to lower the incidence of CAP in patients with SLE.

Low cost and high throughput capacity are major advantages of using next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques to determine metagenomic 16S rRNA tag sequences. These methods have significantly changed our view of microorganisms in the fields of human health and environmental science. However, DNA extraction using commercial kits has shortcomings of high cost and time constraint. In the present study, we evaluated the determination of fecal microbiomes using a direct boiling method compared with 5 different commercial extraction methods, e.g., Qiagen and MO BIO kits. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using UniFrac distances and clustering showed that direct boiling of a wide range of feces concentrations gave a similar pattern of bacterial communities as those obtained from most of the commercial kits, with the exception of the MO BIO method. Fecal concentration by boiling method affected the estimation of α-diversity indices, otherwise results were generally comparable between boiling and commercial methods. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) determined through direct boiling showed highly consistent frequencies with those determined through most of the commercial methods. Even those for the MO BIO kit were also obtained by the direct boiling method with high confidence. The present study suggested that direct boiling could be used to determine the fecal microbiome and using this method would significantly reduce the cost and improve the efficiency of the sample preparation for studying gut microbiome diversity.

Objective To research the metabonomic characteristics of kidney yang deficiency in individuals with sub-health fatigue. Methods There were 11 subjects selected from Nanfang Hospital Health Management Center volunteers. Five sub-health fatigue patients with kidney yang deficiency pattern were enrolled as the experimental group and six healthy persons of the same age were chosen as the normal control group. Metabonomic finger printing was acquired and analyzed by using 1H-NMR, MestReNova5.3.1 software. Results There was a significant difference between the experimental group and normal control group in 31 endogenous metabolites (P<0.05). The key metabolites of sub-health fatigue patients with kidney yang deficiency were lactate, oxidized glutathione, pyruvate, aldosterone, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate (NADPH/NADH), phenylalanine, 2-Hydroxybutyric acid, glutathione and L-glutamine. These metabolites were highly correlated with energy metabolism, oxidative stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Conclusion The sub-health fatigue patients with kidney yang deficiency pattern have many characteristic metabolites. These characteristic metabolites are related to various function changes and may induce sub-health fatigue with kidney yang deficiency pattern.

目的观察维康颗粒对疲劳型亚健康大鼠骨骼肌组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体辅激活因子1α(PGC-1α)、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)表达的影响。方法 SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和维康颗粒干预组,每组10只,建立疲劳型亚健康大鼠模型,观察骨骼肌细胞及线粒体形态学改变,测定骨骼肌MDA、SOD含量,实时定量RT-PCR方法测定PGC-1α、AMPK mRNA在骨骼肌的表达水平。结果 (1)模型组大鼠骨骼肌细胞明显肿胀变性,线粒体数量减少,呈空泡样,嵴消失,内质网及核模扩张,而维康颗粒干预组骨骼肌细胞及线粒体形态基本正常。(2)模型组大鼠骨骼肌组织较正常对照组和维康颗粒干预组MDA升高,SOD下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而正常对照组和维康颗粒干预组间差异无显著性。(3)模型组大鼠骨骼肌组织PGC-1α、AMPK mRNA表达水平较正常对照组、维康颗粒干预组明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而正常对照组和维康颗粒干预组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论抗脂质过氧化损伤及促进线粒体再生可能是维康颗粒干预疲劳型亚健康的作用机制。

Aim:To study the effect of Weikang granule on the mitochondrial regeneration in Sub-health fatigue rats skeletal muscle cell.Methods: First Sub-health fatigue model rats were built up.Histological examination of mitochondria in skeletal muscle cell was made and the level of MDA and SOD was tested in all samples.The expression of PGC-1αand AMPK mRNA in mitochondria was detected by RT-PCR.Results: Obviously swollen denaturation,the decrease number of mitochondria and cristae,characteristic vacuolation change and expansion of endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane were seen in the model rats.The MDA level was higher and the SOD level was lower significantly in the model rats(P0.05).The expression of PGC-1α and AMPK mRNA was decreased significantly in the model rats(P0.05).Weikang granule could revert the injury of mitochondria and the abnormal level of MDA,SOD,PGC-1α and AMPK mRNA to near-normal.Conclusion:The mechanisms of anti-sub-health fatigue of Weikang granule might lie in the promotion of mitochondrial regeneration.

Objectives. To assess the efficacy and safety of Liu Jun Zi Tang (LJZT) and Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang (XSLJZT) for treating functional dyspepsia. Methods. Literature searches were carried out on Medline database, Cochrane Library, CNKI database, Chinese Biomedical Literature database, Wanfang database, and VIP database up to July 2012. Hand search for further references was conducted. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed according to the Cochrane standards. Results. Fifteen publications in total were suitable for inclusion. There was evidence that LJZT compared with prokinetic drugs increased symptom improvement (odds ratio 1.96, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.36). There was also evidence that XSLJZT compared with prokinetic drugs increased symptom improvement (odds ratio 2.63, 95% CI 1.72 to 4.03). No adverse events were reported in LJZT or XSLJZT group in any of these randomized controlled trials. Conclusion. LJZT and XSLJZT might be more effective compared with prokinetic drugs in the treatment of functional dyspepsia, and no side effects are identified in the included trials. However, due to poor methodological quality in the majority of included studies, the potential benefit from LJZT and XSLJZT need to be confirmed in rigorously designed, multicentre, and large-scale trials.

1 Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China 2 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China 3 Department of Science and Technology, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510515, China

目的通过对广东地区亚健康公务员进行亚健康的一、二级干预,使公务员群体避免或减少形成亚健康的危险因素,并对二级干预方案的疗效进行评价。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法,选取4个公务员单位作为研究对象,第1次流行病学调查后随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组(A、B单位)进行一、二级干预;对照组(C、D单位)不予干预。干预6个月后,进行第2次流行病学调查。结果观察组干预前后亚健康状态现患率比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-5.796,P=0.000);6个月后对照组亚健康状态现患率与6个月前后比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.139,P=0.889);干预6个月后,观察组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-5.724,P=0.000)。观察组干预前后自身对照亚健康状态高频症状结果显示:精力下降、活动减慢,做事必须反复检查,感到疲倦等3项亚健康高频症状差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而工作或学习效率减低、眼睛干涩等2项症状差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);另外,眼睛疲劳、忘性大、感到要赶快把事情做完、肩颈部疼痛、容易烦恼和激动、视力减退等6项亚健康症状发生率的变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),症状发生率有较大程度的下降。干预后观察组与对照组比较发现:视力减退、眼睛干涩等2项亚健康高频症状差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而其他的9项亚健康高频症状:眼睛疲劳,忘性大,感到要赶快把事情做完,精力下降、活动减慢、做事必须反复检查,肩颈部疼痛,容易烦恼和激动,工作或学习效率减低及感到疲倦等差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论观察组经过二级干预后亚健康状态现患率显著下降,亚健康状态高频症状显著缓解,提示亚健康状态二级干预方案对于公务员亚健康状态具有显著的临床疗效,可以应用于亚健康状态的防治。

目的了解广东地区税务机关公务员身体健康状况及疾病谱规律,为该人群预防保健工作提供依据。方法对广东地区5个税务机关843例公务员的健康体检结果采用顺位及构成比法进行分析研究。结果处于亚健康状态599例,现患率为71.06%,其中包括单纯亚健康状态239例(28.35%),与疾病共存亚健康状态360例(42.70%);检查出患有疾病487例,患病率达57.76%。患病率高的前几种疾病依次为高脂血症、脂肪肝、慢性肝炎、痛风、慢性咽炎、颈椎病、高血压病。结论广东地区税务机关公务员健康状况不容乐观,亚健康是可以双向转化或多向转化,亚健康状态还具有重叠的特性,即亚健康与疾病之间能够互相重叠,互相存在因果关系。应加强此类人群的健康教育和干预,以提高健康水平。

Objective To establish and evaluate the fatigue-type sub-health mouse model. Methods Experiment 1: Mice in model groups were forced to stand in water 8 hours per day each for 5,9,12 and 16 days.The performances of mice behaviors,degree of fatigue,pathological signs in tissue,blood biochemistry results and other indicators were analyzed to determine the optimal time for this fatigue-type sub-health model.Experiment 2: Evaluation of the model was performed with the test of 7% weight-loaded forced swim.Results Experiment 1: In comparison with control group,the exhaustive swimming time was significantly shortened in all model groups(P=0.000).Significant alterations of BUN,ALT,AST and TG were only observed in model 16d group(P0.05),no significant change was revealed in the other model groups.Experiment 2: The exhaustive swimming time was significantly reduced in model mice.Although the fatigue degree abated after a rest of 7days free of modeling factors,swimming time was still significantly shorter than normal level(P0.05).However,the swimming time became no significant difference compared with that of normal control mice with a recovery of 14 days(P0.05). Conclusion Forcing mice to stand in water 8 hours per day for 9 days can successfully establish this mouse model of fatigue-type sub-health,with significant stability and reproducibility,providing foundation for further study of fatigue-type sub-health.

目的:探讨三七预防疲劳型亚健康的疗效。方法:采用强迫小鼠每天水中站立8h,连续9d,制备疲劳型亚健康模型。将小鼠随机分为5组:正常对照组、模型对照组和三七高、中、低剂量组。观察用药前后小鼠的行为学表现,记录小鼠首、末次力竭游泳时间,用乳酸试剂盒测定血浆乳酸含量,用自动生化分析仪检测血清尿素氮含量。结果:与模型对照组小鼠比较,三七高、中、低剂量均能不同程度地改善疲劳型亚健康模型小鼠的行为学表现;三七高、中剂量可显著提高小鼠力竭游泳时间比值。与正常对照组小鼠比较,三七高、中剂量组小鼠末次力竭游泳时间比值没有显著性差异。与模型对照组比较,三七高、中剂量组小鼠游泳后血乳酸水平显著降低,三七高、中、低剂量组小鼠游泳后血尿素氮水平显著降低。结论:三七可以预防小鼠疲劳型亚健康的发生。