This article proposes a wearable system for rapid response during acute hypertension. The system consists of a flexible electrode patch and a signal acquisition module, which is designed for real-time monitoring of photoelectric volume pulse graph (PPG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and bioelectrical impedance (Bio-Z). The flexible patch and miniaturized signal acquisition module provide comfort to the users while maintaining stable contact with human chest skin, and successfully collects three physiological signals, demonstrating its potential application in the healthcare field. In addition, this article introduces a lightweight and effective method based on PPG signal trend components for acute hypertension monitoring, whose effectiveness is verified with animal experiments. As a result, the system reveals a response time of less than 10 s. For the blood pressure rising stage, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.34 mmHg between the PPG-based value and the average blood pressure is achieved. For the blood pressure declining stage, an MAE of 2.42 mmHg between the PPG-based value and the average blood pressure is achieved. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between the PPG signal trend components and the blood pressure during acute hypertension monitoring.

BACKGROUND:Chronic normal pressure hydrocephalus (CNPH) is a recognized sequela of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH). Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is a conventional treatment for hydrocephalus, though its effectiveness for CNPH post-ASAH remains unclear. METHODS:We included ASAH patients with CNPH who underwent VPS surgery. Changes in the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) before and after surgery were analyzed to evaluate VPS benefits. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator identified relevant variables and predictive models were constructed using 8 supervised machine learning algorithms to assess VPS benefit. RESULTS:Among 75 patients (39 males and 36 females), 48 (64%) benefited from VPS, while 27 (36%) did not. The beneficial group showed a longer disease course, higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, lower red and white blood cell counts in CSF, and lower modified Fisher (MF) and Hunt-Hess (HH) grades compared to the nonbeneficial group. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that disease course, CSF pressure, red blood cell/white blood cell (WBC) counts in CSF, WBC count in blood, MF grade, HH grade, and preoperative mRS were associated with favorable VPS outcomes. The extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model demonstrated the highest area under the curve of 0.946 and lowest residual error. A nomogram was subsequently developed and demonstrated a satisfactory performance. CONCLUSIONS:VPS benefits in CNPH patients after ASAH were associated with disease course, CSF pressure, red blood cell/WBC counts in CSF, WBC count in blood, MF and HH grades, and preoperative mRS. The XGB model demonstrated optimal predictive performance, with an area under the curve of 0.946.

The nervous and immune systems are crucial in fighting infections and inflammation and in maintaining immune homeostasis. The immune and nervous systems are independent, yet tightly integrated and coordinated organizations. Numerous molecules and receptors play key roles in enabling communication between the two systems. Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel, recently shown to be widely expressed in the neuroimmune axis and implicated in neuropathic pain, autoimmune disorders, and immune cell function. TRPV1 is a key bridge in neuroimmune interactions, allowing for smooth and convenient communication between the two systems. Here, we discuss the coordinated cross-talking between the immune and nervous systems and the functional role and the functioning manner of the TRPV1 involved. We suggest that TRPV1 provides new insights into the collaborative relationship between the nervous and immune systems, highlighting exciting opportunities for advanced therapeutic approaches to treating neurogenic inflammation and immune-mediated diseases.

AbstractBackgroundThe integration of 7 Tesla (7T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with advanced multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) models represents a promising frontier in neuroimaging. The superior spatial resolution of 7TMRI provides detailed visualizations of brain structure, which are crucial forunderstanding complex central nervous system diseases and tumors. Concurrently, the application of multimodal AI to medical images enables interactive imaging‐based diagnostic conversation.MethodsIn this paper, we systematically investigate the capacity and feasibility of applying the existing advanced multimodal AI model ChatGPT‐4V to 7T MRI under the context of brain tumors. First, we test whether ChatGPT‐4V has knowledge about 7T MRI, and whether it can differentiate 7T MRI from 3T MRI. In addition, we explore whether ChatGPT‐4V can recognize different 7T MRI modalities and whether it can correctly offer diagnosis of tumors based on single or multiple modality 7T MRI.ResultsChatGPT‐4V exhibited accuracy of 84.4% in 3T‐vs‐7T differentiation and accuracy of 78.9% in 7T modality recognition. Meanwhile, in a human evaluation with three clinical experts, ChatGPT obtained average scores of 9.27/20 in single modality‐based diagnosis and 21.25/25 in multiple modality‐based diagnosis. Our study indicates that single‐modality diagnosis and the interpretability of diagnostic decisions in clinical practice should be enhanced when ChatGPT‐4V is applied to 7T data.ConclusionsIn general, our analysis suggests that such integration has promise as a tool to improve the workflow of diagnostics in neurology, with a potentially transformative impact in the fields of medical image analysis and patient management.

Progress in medicine such as the use of anti-infective drugs and development of the advanced life support equipment has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with sepsis. However, the incidence of sepsis-related diseases is increasing. These include severe neurologic and psychologic disorders, cognitive decline, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Cerebral dysfunction occurs via multiple interacting mechanisms, with different causative pathogens having distinct effects. Because sepsis-related diseases place a substantial burden on patients and their families, it is important to elucidate the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms to develop effective treatments.

妊娠期饲喂管理 饲喂时要精料、粗料、青料合理搭配.精饲料、粗饲料要加工粉碎,以利于猪消化吸收.饲料营养要全面、适口性好.不管是采用生料湿喂,还是把混合料与切碎的青饲料拌匀后让猪自由采食,调制饲料的水分不宜过多.喂干料的猪,要供应足够的饮水,秋季饮水量为干饲料的4倍,尤其是哺乳母猪更不能缺水,水质要清洁.

背景:低龄儿童吞咽反射发育尚未健全,使用含氟牙膏存在氟中毒危险,而无氟护齿剂因不含氟元素而具备非常优良的安全性能.目的:比较奥乐V护牙剂、GC护牙素和无氟牙膏在家庭自我口腔保健中对于脱矿牙釉质的再矿化效果.方法:纳入荆门市康复医院口腔科因正畸需要拟拔除健康第一前磨牙的患者15例,共60颗牙,年龄12-18岁.将每例患者左侧的上下颌第一前磨牙作为对照组,颊面酸蚀后即刻拔除;无氟牙膏组随机选择5例患者,右侧上下颌第一前磨牙颊面酸蚀后,早晚以无氟牙膏刷牙,10d后拔除;奥乐V护牙剂组随机选择5例患者,右侧上下颌第一前磨牙颊面酸蚀后,早晚以奥乐V护牙剂刷牙,10d后拔除;GC护牙素组的5例患者,右侧上下颌第一前磨牙颊面酸蚀后,早晚使用含摩擦剂和发泡剂的普通牙膏刷牙后,将GC护牙素均匀涂于酸蚀牙颊面3 min,10d后拔除.制备离体牙颊面牙釉质标本,进行扫描电镜观察与X射线能谱分析.结果 与结论:①扫描电镜显示,对照组牙釉质表面不规则,多孔隙,呈蜂窝状改变,釉柱中心溶解,大部分出现孔隙样凹陷;无氟牙膏组牙釉质表面可见散在的少量矿物质沉积,奥乐V护牙剂组和GC护牙素组牙釉质表面仍有大量蜂窝状空隙,同时有大量矿物质沉积,孔隙变小,矿化物颗粒细小,沉积不均匀,GC护牙素组沉积量较多;②X射线能谱分析显示,对照组与无氟牙膏组钙、磷含量无差异(P＞0.05),奥乐V护牙剂组和GC护牙素组钙、磷含量无差异(P＞0.05),奥乐V护牙剂组、GC护牙素组钙、磷含量高于对照组、无氟牙膏组(P＜0.05);③结果表明,奥乐V护牙剂、GC护牙素均可显著促进脱矿牙釉质的再矿化,以GC护牙素的再矿化效果更优.

目的 运用分段式融入系统内部知识构架的思维导图,探讨对于构建口腔医学生牙体解剖学空间记忆能力的应用效果.方法 在我校2016级口腔医学专业121名学生中实施,选取口腔解剖生理学中牙体解剖这一章节,应用Mindjet MindManager 2019软件制作分段式牙体解剖思维导图,导图实验组(60人)在教学过程中分为3个阶段:课前预习阶段(着重知识点概括);理论授课阶段(着重知识点细化);课后复习阶段(着重知识点联系).而传统教学组(61人)采用一般讲解的传统方法.授课内容结束后比较分析两组的理论笔试和实训考核成绩,同时使用临床记忆量表对两组学生进行记忆能力的测试分析.结果 导图实验组在理论考核中的成绩总分、主观题成绩优于传统教学组(P＜0.05),在实训考核的成绩总分、牙体识别成绩优于传统教学组(P＜0.05),而两组的理论客观题成绩和实训牙体雕刻成绩差异则无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两组在分段式思维导图教学方法实施后的临床记忆量表分项测试指标中,图像自由记忆、无意义图形再认和人像特点联想回忆评分比较,导图实验组评分均较传统教学组明显提高(P＜0.05),而在指向记忆和联想学习的评分比较中,两组差异则无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 相比传统的教学方法,分段式思维导图在学生空间思维构建中起到加强逻辑性记忆的作用,有利于学生探索知识点间的关联性,构建较为完整的知识体系.

Background Both periodontal disease and benign prostatic hyperplasia are age-related diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between periodontal disease and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods A total of 4930 participants were selected from an available health examination that was carried out in 2017, only males were considered for further analysis. All eligible males were divided into benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal groups, the benign prostatic hyperplasia group was then divided into prostate volume ≤ 60 g and > 60 g subgroups; all their periodontal status was extracted and then into normal (CPI score of 0), periodontal disease (CPI score between 1 and 4), and periodontitis (CPI score between 3 and 4) groups. The correlation between periodontal disease and benign prostatic hyperplasia was investigated using logistic regression analyses and greedy matching case-control analysis. Subgroup analysis based on prostate volume was also performed. All analyses were conducted with SAS 9.4 software. Results A total of 2171 males were selected for this analysis. The presence of periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia by 1.68 times ( OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.26–2.24), and individuals with periodontitis showed a higher risk ( OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 2.75–6.35). In addition, among matched cases and controls, this association remained robust (periodontal disease: OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.30–2.64; periodontitis: OR = 4.83, 95% CI: 2.57–9.07). Subgroup analysis revealed that periodontal disease significantly increased benign prostate hyperplasia risk as well (for prostate volume ≤ 60 g: OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.22–2.20; for volume > 60 g: OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.04–4.53), and there was a higher risk in the group with a prostate volume greater than 60 g. Conclusion Periodontal disease is significantly and positively associated with an increased risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Further validation studies should be performed to explore the relationship between periodontal treatment and benign prostate hyperplasia.

It can get better effect to perform tooth demineralization for tough tissue in multitudinous oral disease during clinical therapy. Demineralization of tooth is needed in many simulated experiments in vitro. Demineralization is not only essential measure of tooth treatment, but also the progress of part of tooth diseases. This paper summarized the current methods of demineralization for tooth hard tissue.

目的:评价离体牙梯度浓度脱矿后的理化性能,为牙支架材料的临床应用提供依据.方法:收集健康正畸减数牙56颗及牙槽骨标本4例,将牙齿标本随机分为单一浓度脱矿A组(阴性对照组),梯度浓度脱矿B、C、D组(实验组),未脱矿E组(阴性对照组),牙槽骨F组(阳性对照组).脱矿完成后通过分析天平测量质量变化、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察表面形貌变化、能谱仪(EDX)测量组成元素含量变化、显微硬度仪测量不同层厚硬度变化.结果:离体牙脱矿后质量变化率为30％ ～65％,无机物含量减少,范围为0.82％ ～38.05％;根据脱矿环境不同牙本质小管不同程度暴露,且显微硬度降低,与未脱矿牙差异明显(P<0.05),单一浓度脱矿后表面与中心硬度差异明显,梯度浓度脱矿后从表面到中心硬度呈梯度变化;C2、D3组与牙槽骨显微硬度及矿物质含量无明显差异.结论:梯度浓度脱矿法可制备出力学相容性优良、理化性能优化的牙槽嵴增高材料,但其临床疗效有待进一步研究.

目的 对预防腮腺肿瘤切除术后并发症的Meta分析进行汇总评价.方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、CNKI和WanFang Data关于腮腺肿瘤切除术后并发症预防的Meta分析,检索时间为建库到2018年9月12日.按照纳入标准筛选文献、提取资料,采用AMSTAR量表评价纳入研究的质量.结果 共纳入24个研究,探讨13种干预措施对预防腮腺肿瘤切除术后并发症的效果.AMSTAR质量评价结果显示,3个高质量研究,16个中等质量研究,5个低质量研究.结论 本研究所涉及的干预措施对Frey综合征、涎瘘/积液、面部畸形预防有一定的效果,对术后复发、感染无明显效果,对面神经麻痹的疗效不确定;此外,仍然需实施严谨和规范的原始研究、直接比较Meta分析/系统评价或间接比较网状Meta分析,为临床提供更可靠、全面的证据.

Objective To compare the efficacy of the gradient demineralized teeth with different conditioning times to be used as autograft in alveolar augmentation. Methods 12 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (A to D), the maxillary incisors were fixed on the incisor distal of mandible by titanium nail after acid treatment with different conditioning time, mandible samples were taken for X-ray examination and hematoxylin-eosin staining at 3 months after surgery. Results 3 months after the operation, the boundary between bone and autografts were distinct in undecalcified teeth group (group D), the autografts were absorbed in the early stage in the group with long-term decalcifying time(group A), the autografts were replaced by new bone in the group with short-term decalcifying time (group B and C), and the speed of bone remodeling significantly increased with decalcifying time. Conclusion Grandient demineralized autogenous tooth can be used for alveolar augmentation, to some extent, the speed of bone remodeling significantly increased with decalcifying time.

Objective:To study the effect of gradient demineralized autogenous teeth combined with Bio-Oss bone powder in the repairing the alveolar bone defects.Methods:Animal models of mandible defectin rabbits were established,ti-tanium nail fixation with autogenous bone,autogenous teeth,and gradient demineralized autogenous teeth combined with Bio-Oss bone powder used to repair alveolar bone defects.After 12 weeks,animals were sacrificed for sampling,imaging and histo-logical observation.Results:Twelve weeks after operation,all grafts and bone tissue sealing were good,without loose and fall off.X-rays showed that the bone density and height around the titanium nail in different experimental groups have different degrees of change. Histology studies suggested that the interface between graft and bone tissue in different experimental groups have different degrees of vascularization and new bone formation.Conclusion:Internal fixation of autogenous teeth with titanium nails can be used to repair bone defect,and the effect of different degrees of demineralization autogenous teeth is different.

目的:探讨不同浓度盐酸处理的梯度脱矿自体牙作为牙槽嵴增高材料与牙槽骨的结合情况.方法:3月龄雄性新西兰家兔18只,随机分为梯度脱矿自体牙组(A组),未脱矿自体牙组(B组)及自体胫骨组(C组),分别取自体牙及自体胫骨,经预处理后用钛钉固定在兔牙槽骨上,增加牙槽嵴高度,12周后处死动物,进行X线检查与HE染色.结果:术后12周,梯度脱矿自体牙片发生血管化,原移植物被新骨取代;未脱矿自体牙组未出现明显再吸收现象,与骨组织之间存在清晰界限;自体胫骨与牙槽骨发生骨整合,结合紧密,但供骨区出现术后感染.结论:经梯度脱矿处理的自体牙增高牙槽嵴具有自体骨组织移植相似效果.

目的 比较脱矿自体牙和脱矿自体牙联合Bio-oss骨粉修复兔下颌骨缺损的临床疗效.方法 建立兔下颌骨缺损动物模型,利用脱矿自体牙(A组)和脱矿自体牙配合Bio-oss骨粉(B组)分别对牙槽骨缺损进行钛钉内固定法修复,于植入修复材料12周后处死动物,取材,进行组织学观察和扫描电镜观察.结果 术后12周,所有实验动物移植体均与骨组织密合良好,无松动脱落.HE染色提示不同实验组移植体和骨组织界面有不同程度血管化及新骨形成.扫描电镜结果显示两组均有新骨形成,矿化程度有不同,A组骨质较为疏松,表面呈多孔状,骨皮质有缺损,B组移植区表面较为平整,但是骨皮质表面仍然不够光滑致密.结论 脱矿自体牙和脱矿自体牙联合Bio-oss骨粉用钛钉做坚固内固定均可以修复下颌骨缺损,二者修复骨缺损效果有差异,使用Bio-oss骨粉组新骨形成质量优于单纯使用脱矿牙片组,形成新骨更为成熟.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between periodontal disease and breast cancer. Materials and Methods: PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched up to February 8, 2018 for observational studies examining the association between periodontal disease and breast cancer. Study selection was conducted according to predesigned eligibility criteria, and two authors independently extracted data from included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v2 software and risk estimates were calculated as relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 11 study were included. Meta-analysis indicated that periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of breast cancer by 1.22-fold (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.06-1.40). Amongst participants with periodontal patients and a history of periodontal therapy, the risk of developing breast cancer was not significant (RR = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.95-1.60). The association results between periodontal diseases and breast cancer were found to be robust, as evident in the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: Periodontal disease may be a potential risk factor for the development of breast cancer among women, and thus effective periodontal therapy may present as a valuable preventive measure against breast cancer.

目的 探究MRC用于早期错牙合畸形阻断性矫治的临床效果.方法 选取2016年3月～2017年3月国药东风花果医院口腔科收治的儿童错牙合畸形患者33例纳入研究对象,对患者病因诊断明确,选取合适MRC,设计肌功能训练操,行早期阻断矫治,观察患者覆牙合,覆盖,以及下颌相对位置的改变,测量SNA,SNB,等指标,评价矫治效果.结果 本研究中错牙合畸形患儿利用MRC肌功能矫治器进行相应治疗后,前牙覆牙合、覆盖都得到明显纠正,面型得到改善,SNA,SNB等指标都得到了有效改变,治疗后头颅定位测量指标均优于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 佩戴MRC并配合肌功能训练矫治儿童早期错牙合畸形效果显著,预防了功能损害性咬合障碍的发生,阻断患儿骨骼畸形发育,改善了患儿的颅面牙合功能及美观.

目的 研究重度吸收无牙下颌牙槽嵴行自体牙增高术后,联合Locator种植覆盖义齿的体外模拟修复效果.方法 取2颗人离体磨牙制备成10 mm×7 mm×3.6 mm的牙片,经梯度盐酸溶液脱矿后,将牙片置于人离体下颌骨的预种植位点,穿透牙片制备种植窝,旋入种植体,安放Locator附着体,进一步固定牙片,取印模制作覆盖义齿,对其总固位力进行测试.应用显微电镜(SEM)及衰减全反射红外仪(ATR-IR)对移植牙片进行理化观察.结果 牙片经梯度脱矿后显微电镜观察,牙釉质表面形成很多微小的凹坑状结构,牙本质形成许多微孔结构.衰减全反射红外光谱显示牙片的有机物和无机物含量发生了梯度性改变,牙片表面有机物含量相对增高,其硬度从表面向中心呈梯度性变化,与颌骨更匹配.牙槽嵴增高术后植体扭矩均大于35Ncm,义齿总固位力为5.1±0.12 N.结论 自体牙片作为牙槽骨增量手术的移植物,增加了种植体植入深度,种植体固位良好,联合Locator式覆盖义齿修复,体外总固位力较好,能达到临床固位要求.

种植体周围炎是导致种植体周围骨组织吸收的主要原因,也是导致种植修复失败的重要因素.Zitzmann等研究认为种植体周围炎发生率为28％～56％.Khoshkam认为,由于研究人群、种植体系统的不同,以及对于种植体周围炎的定义、分类及统计方法不同,各类种植体周围炎发病率差异很大,数据统计为2.7％～47.1％.而林野等研究表明:因种植体周围骨吸收导致种植体脱落,占脱落种植体的97.06％.因此,种植体周围炎的治疗就显得极为重要.本文就种植体周围炎的治疗方法做以下阐述.