丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)是全球范围内导致慢性病毒性肝炎的重要病原体之一,长期隐匿性感染可能会引发肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌等晚期肝病.干扰素和利巴韦林联合用药广泛用于HCV感染的治疗,但这一疗法治疗效果有限,并且具有很强的不良反应.近几年来口服直接抗病毒药物(DAA)应用于丙型肝炎抗病毒治疗,给患者带来了极大的受益,然而又会面临一些用药问题;需要我们平时用药护理方面给与相对应指导和对策.

目的:探讨流行性出血主题热病人的护理措施.方法:回顾分析35例流行性出血热病人的临床资料.结果:本组病人全部好转出院.结论:加强护理有助于本病的愈合.

Objective To analyze the incidence of PICC complications and propose preventive measures.Methods A total of 1,352 clients were enrolled and retrospective analysis was employed to analyze the postoperative complications of PICC.Results A total of 155 patients had complications such as phlebitis,bleeding,clogging,tube ectopic,limb swelling,local infection and the incidence rate was 11.46%.Conclusion It is suggested to provide standardized nursing management of PICC,so as to reduce the complications of PICC.

<正>肝衰竭患者需要长期静脉输入高浓度、刺激性的药物治疗。PICC是一种安全、经济、有效的输液途径,但其术后静脉炎的发生率较高,影响了患者对治疗的依从性。笔者通过前瞻性随机对照的方法,探讨无粉手套在降低肝衰竭患者PICC置管后静脉炎发生中的作用,结果报告如下。

Objective To establish an intravenous access for patients with liver failure to prevent and lessen transfusion complications.Methods Three-valve-type PICC and catheter were placed on 140 patients with liver failure.The results of two groups were compared.Results Puncture bleeding,exudation,necrosis,phlebitis and pain in PICC group were less than those of the control group.Success rate of needle puncture was also higher and patients had less pains.Conclusion PICC can establish long-term intravenous access for patients with liver failure.

目的探讨三向瓣膜式PICC置管时使用无粉无菌手套对肝衰竭患者静脉炎发生的影响。方法将102例肝衰竭需要置管的患者,随机分为实验组和对照组各51例,实验组使用无粉无菌手套置管,对照组使用有粉无菌手套置管。分别观察两组肝衰竭患者静脉炎发生情况。结果实验组和对照组静脉炎发生率分别为7.8%(4/51)和27.8%(14/51),两组比较差异有显著性(2=6.75,P<0.05)。结论使用无粉无菌手套可有效减少静脉炎发生率,延长导管保留时间,减少患者痛苦,降低患者住院费用,提高静脉输液治疗护理质量。

有资料显示,病毒性肝炎合并晚期妊娠,多病情较重,易发展为重型肝炎,易导致早产和死胎,且病死率高[1],从而严重威胁孕妇及胎儿的生命.我院收治2例晚期妊娠合并重型肝炎肝性脑病病人,经积极治疗和护理,均康复出院.现报告如下.

Objective: To control the progression of liver diseases and to improve the life quality of the patients with liver diseases. Methods: Professional, targeted, and forward -looking measures for patients with liver diseases. Results: The health educucation could help to have less hospitalization times and treatment cost of patients with liver diseases, balanced mentality, proactive participation in the self-disease prevention and control, and better self-nursing knowledge. Conclusion: The nursing staff should not ignore the health education to the patients with liver diseases, and should provide them with correct guidance and treatment, then to choose a proper treatment time and seize treatment time as much as possible. In coordination with the patients, medical staffs, society, and the families, chronic liver diseases can be effectively controlled and the capacity of secondary prevention for the liver patients can be significantly improved.

To analyze retrospectively the measures of sterilized and isolative protection of 22 cases diagnosed as HFMD,including good layout of isolation ward,touch islation of the ward,gastro intestinal isolation of the patients as well as the formulation of guidance of accompanying relatives and visitors to patients.All of 22 patients were cured,there was no nosocomial infection.The key to prevention and control of HFMD is to help people form correct behavior and attitude as well as do primary prevention well.

On the basis of chronic hepatitis B(CHB),home care knowledge of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) was introduced in detail,including viral hepatitis,rest,diet,disinfection,isolation,self-observation and health education and so on.The results show that taking practible,targeted,prospective home care measures is helpful in the reduction of the frequency,economic costs of hospitalization,and the complications of severe hepatitis,as well as the improvement of the success rate of rescuing and living quality in patients with CHB.

目的为慢性重型肝炎患者建立良好的静脉通路,以预防和减少药物外渗及静脉炎的发生,对慢性重型肝炎患者应急护理提供前瞻性护理措施。方法对60例慢性重型肝炎患者进行三向瓣膜式PICC置管治疗。结果置管成功率96.7%(58/60),未出现严重并发症。结论三向瓣膜式PICC置管具有损伤小,定位准确,易操作,护理方便等优点。对慢性重型肝炎患者提供静脉治疗新理念。

<正>2009年8月,我科收治1例自行输液后导致败血症患者,入院后经抗休克、抗感染、护肝、抗精神病、吸氧、床边心电监护、三防等紧急处理,住院8 d后治愈出院。该病例的发生提示社区应大力普及卫生常识,提示医务人员必须在输液治疗护理操作中严格遵守输液治疗护理实践指南与实施细则,避免医源性感染[1]。现将护理分析报告如下。

总结了对1例服用新康泰克引起超敏反应综合征患者的护理。包括抗感染、应用激素、护肝、对症等紧急处理和采取保护性隔离、多学科会诊、前瞻性护理措施。认为医务人员及大众应慎重选用药物,共同关注药品不良反应监测,服药期间如有不适应及时到正规医院诊治。