Cybervictimization has been shown in many studies to be a risk factor for adolescent non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI). In this study we tested the roles of depression and school connectedness in this association. The Integrative Model of NSSI, Emotion Regulation and Interpersonal Relationship Model of NSSI, and Integrative Model of Social Media and Suicide provided the conceptual framework for the study. A sample of 1106 adolescents (Mage = 13.17; SD = 0.69; 51.78% girls) completed anonymous questionnaires in their classrooms. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the positive association between cybervictimization and adolescent NSSI was mediated by depression. Moreover, this indirect link was stronger for adolescents with low vs. high school connectedness. The results have implications for intervention programs aimed at reducing NSSI among adolescents.

Parental psychological control has been shown to be associated with adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. Self-determination theory and previous research provided the framework for our hypotheses about these pro-cesses. This study test the mediating effect of psychological need satisfaction between parental psychological control and adolescent NSSI, and whether this mediating effect was moderated by sensation seeking. A sample of 1006 adolescents (M-age = 13.16 years; SD = 0.67 years) anonymously completed questionnaires assessing the study variables. The results of structural equation modeling showed that as expected, the positive association between parental psychological control and adolescent NSSI was mediated by low satisfaction of the psycho-logical needs. Also as expected, this indirect link was stronger among adolescents high in sensation seeking. The results are consistent with the self-determination theory's assumption that psychological need satisfaction as a potential mechanism linking parental psychological control to adolescent NSSI, and high sensation seeking as an important risk factor that amplifies this indirect effect. Intervention programs aimed at reducing adolescent NSSI may benefit from this study, such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy.

Although numerous researches have shown that self-control is a significant promoter of prosocial behavior, the mechanism behind this relationship is still unclear. According to the organism–environment interaction model and self-control model, this study researched whether life satisfaction played a mediating role between self-control and adolescents’ prosocial behavior and if friendship quality played a moderating role between self-control and prosocial behavior. This study used a longitudinal tracking research (T1&T2; and the interval between T1&T2 is 6 months). A total of 1182 Chinese middle school students participated the survey. They were between 12 and 15 years old (average age: 14.16 years old, SD = 1.29). Results indicated that life satisfaction played a mediating role between self-control and adolescents’ prosocial behavior. Furthermore, this direct relationship in the link between self-control and prosocial behavior was significant when adolescents had a good-quality friendship. These results highlight that life satisfaction plays an important role in the relationship between self-control and prosocial behavior. The present study further determined that a high-quality friendship was an important factor that amplified this direct effect.

Previous research has identified exposure to interparental conflict (IPC) in childhood as a risk factor for young adults’ depression. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the underlying mediating mechanisms of this association. Driven by the spillover hypothesis, the present study investigated whether maternal antipathy and neglect, and in turn unmet psychological needs, mediated the relation between IPC and early adulthood depression in a sample of 347 undergraduate students (M = 23.27 years; SD = 0.86; 57.05% women) in China. The participants completed self-report measures of IPC, maternal care, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and depression. Structural equation modeling revealed that: (a) IPC was positively associated with early adulthood depression; (b) this association was sequentially mediated by inadequate maternal care (i.e., antipathy and neglect) and by unsatisfied psychological needs. These findings suggest that efforts to prevent depression should focus on reducing not only IPC, but also inadequate maternal care and unmet psychological needs.

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an emerging health problem among adolescents. Although previous studies have shown that deviant peer affiliation is an important risk factor for this behavior, the reasons for this relationship are unclear. Based on the integrated theoretical model of the development and maintenance of NSSI and the social development model of delinquency prevention, this study tested whether depression mediated the relationship between deviant peer affiliation and NSSI and whether this mediating effect was moderated by sensation seeking. A sample of 854 Chinese adolescents (31.50% male; Mage = 16.35; SD = 1.15) anonymously completed questionnaires on the study variables. Results of regression-based analyses showed that depression mediated the association between deviant peer affiliation and NSSI, and this effect was stronger among adolescents who reported high sensation seeking. The results demonstrate the role of individual differences in the link between affiliation with deviant peers and NSSI, and have implications for preventing and treating this risky behavior.

Previous research indicates that cybervictimization can lead to adolescent Internet addiction; however, there is a gap in the knowledge about the mediating and moderating variables facilitating this relationship. This study examines the role of rejection sensitivity as a mediator in this relationship and the role of parent–adolescent communication as a moderator for this mediation effect among Chinese adolescents. Participants were 1006 adolescents (M = 13.16 years, SD = 0.67), who completed the questionnaires anonymously. The questionnaires assessed the four variables of interest. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. The results show that the positive association between cybervictimization and adolescent Internet addiction is mediated by rejection sensitivity. Moreover, this indirect effect is stronger for adolescents with low parent–adolescent communication than for those with high parent–adolescent communication.

Although a large body of research has indicated that parent-adolescent communication is a crucial protective factor for adolescent Internet addiction, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. To address this research gap, this study, based on social control theory and the organism-environment interaction model, was designed to test whether school engagement mediated the relationship between parent-adolescent communication and adolescent Internet addiction and whether this mediating effect was moderated by rejection sensitivity. A sample of 1006 adolescents (Meanage = 13.16 years, SD = 0.67) anonymously completed the questionnaires. The results showed that the positive association between parent-adolescent communication and adolescent Internet addiction was mediated by school engagement. Moreover, this indirect link was stronger among adolescents with high rejection sensitivity than those with low rejection sensitivity. These findings highlighted school engagement as a potential mechanism linking parent-adolescent communication to adolescent Internet addiction, with high rejection sensitivity being an important risk factor amplifying this indirect effect. Intervention programs aimed at reducing Internet addiction among adolescents might benefit from the current research.

学校联结是青少年非自杀性自伤的重要保护性因素.本研究分析了心理需求满足在学校联结与青少年NSSI关系间的中介作用,以及同伴侵害在其中的调节作用.研究发现:(1)心理需求满足显著中介学校联结与青少年NSSI的关系;(2)同伴侵害显著调节心理需求满足与青少年NSSI的关系,具体而言,心理需求满足与NSSI在高同伴侵害青少年中显著负向关联,而这一关联在低同伴侵害青少年中不显著.上述研究表明,心理需求满足是学校联结减少青少年NSSI的重要中介过程,而同伴侵害是放大低心理需求满足青少年的NSSI倾向的重要风险因素.

研究表明同伴侵害是青少年抑郁的重要风险因素,然而其中介机制和调节机制仍有待进一步探究.本研究采用问卷法对834名青少年进行调查,考察了社会退缩在同伴侵害与青少年抑郁关系中的中介作用,以及师生关系在这一关系中的调节作用.结果 发现:(1)社会退缩显著中介同伴侵害与青少年抑郁的关系;(2)师生关系显著调节中介路径“同伴侵害→社会退缩→青少年抑郁”,具体而言,相较于高水平师生关系的青少年群体而言,同伴侵害通过社会退缩影响抑郁的中介效应在低水平师生关系的青少年群体中更高.

同伴侵害是青少年攻击行为的重要风险预测因素,但其中的具体机制尚不清楚.采用问卷法对1347名初中生进行研究,考察心理需求满足在同伴侵害与青少年攻击行为间的中介作用,以及意向性自我调节的调节作用.结果 发现:(1)在控制了性别、年龄、家庭人均月收入、亲子关系、感觉寻求等之后,心理需求满足可显著中介同伴侵害与青少年身体、关系攻击的关系;(2)意向性自我调节可显著调节中介过程“同伴侵害→心理需求满足→青少年言语、身体和关系攻击”;具体而言,同伴侵害可削弱高意向性自我调节青少年的心理需求满足,进而增加其言语、身体和关系攻击,然而,这些中介效应在低意向性自我调节青少年中均不显著.

Research has shown that violent video games induce attentional bias toward aggressive information. However, the effects of prosocial video games on selective attention are poorly understood. This study investigated attentional bias toward prosocial stimuli at different presentation durations (i.e., 100, 500, and 1,250 milliseconds [ms]) after short-term prosocial video game exposure. Sixty males (mean age: 20.26 years; range: 19-23 years) participated in this study. Half of them played a prosocial video game for 30 minutes, whereas others played a neutral one. A spatial cueing paradigm was then used to investigate attentional bias. Results showed that there was both attention orientation and difficulty in attention disengagement toward prosocial stimuli when the presentation lasted 100 ms in the prosocial game group, but not in the neutral group. There was no group difference at 500 or 1,250 ms, suggesting that the attentional bias toward prosocial information might occur at the early stages of cognitive processing. These results provided initial evidence of the influence of prosocial video games on cognitive processing and advanced our understanding of related theories.

Although vast research has shown that cybervictimization is a significant risk factor of adolescent’s internet addiction (IA), little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms behind this relationship. The current study examined whether depression mediated the relationship between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA, and whether the direct and indirect effect was moderated by prosocial peer affiliation (PPA). A sample of 1,006 adolescents (Meanage = 13.16; SD = 0.67) anonymously completed the questionnaires. The results revealed that the positive association between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA was mediated by depression. Moderated mediation analysis further showed that PPA moderated the association between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA. However, this indirect effect was stronger for adolescents with high PPA than for those with low PPA, which means that the protective effects of PPA are limited. These findings highlight the mediating and moderating mechanisms between cybervictimization and adolescent’s IA, and provide guidance for the prevention and intervention in adolescent’s IA.

探讨同伴侵害的影响因素及其发生机制,对于制定同伴侵害的预防和干预方案具有重要的价值.以1179名儿童为被试,考察家庭社会经济地位与同伴侵害的关系及其机制,结果表明:同伴侵害的发生率为38％耀60％,女生关系侵害的发生率高于男生;高家庭社会经济地位增加了母亲的权威教养,权威教养既直接减少同伴侵害,又通过提高学业成就间接减少侵害;另外,高家庭社会经济地位也可直接提高个体的学业成就,进而减少同伴侵害.为此,学校和教师应重点关注学业成就较低的个体,预防同伴侵害;培养学生的社会交往技能,减少同伴侵害;开展家长心育课堂,科学指导教养行为.

采用问卷法对1406名初中生进行调查,考察情绪智力与初中生问题性网络游戏使用间同伴侵害的中介效应,以及亲子关系对这一中介过程的调节效应.结果发现:在控制了性别、年龄、家庭人均月收入和父母受教育水平之后,情绪智力显著负向预测初中生问题性网络游戏使用;不仅如此,情绪智力还可以通过同伴侵害的中介作用间接预测初中生问题性网络游戏使用,部分中介作用显著;亲子关系显著调节中介模型的前半段(情绪智力→同伴侵害),亲子关系的高低会影响情绪智力对同伴侵害的风险,继而对初中生问题性网络游戏使用产生间接的效应.为了减少初中生的问题性网络游戏使用,学校和教师应采取有效的教育教学策略,提高学生的情绪智力;重视学生的同伴关系和亲子关系,降低同伴侵害的可能性;学校、家庭之间密切合作,避免青少年沉迷于网络游戏.

There has been growing concern over Internet gaming addiction (IGA) around the world. However, the risk factors and mediating mechanisms of IGA in Chinese youth remain largely unknown. A total of 323 Chinese adolescents (52.94% females, M age = 14.83, SD = 0.49, range = 13.50-16.50) completed questionnaires regarding peer victimization, deviant peer affiliation (DPA), normative beliefs about aggression (NBA), and IGA in the fall semester of 7th, 8th, and 9th grade. Structural equation modeling showed that 7th grade peer victimization predicted higher 8th grade DPA, which in turn was associated with enhanced 9th grade NBA, and ultimately, higher 9th grade IGA. In addition, 7th grade peer victimization made a unique contribution to 9th grade IGA through 9th grade NBA. The current study goes beyond previous research by using a 2-year longitudinal design and by taking into account both peer relations and individual cognitions as predictors of IGA. In addition, these findings have practical significance for improving intervention strategies targeting risk factors for adolescent IGA.

网络游戏成瘾会引发青少年一系列的问题行为,为了了解学校、家庭和同伴对青少年网络游戏成瘾的影响,更好地抑制和消除他们的成瘾习惯,研究者采用问卷法对1406名初中生进行调查,考察不良同伴在感知校园氛围与青少年网络游戏成瘾关系间的中介效应,以及父母知情对这一中介过程的调节效应.结果发现:在控制了性别、年龄、家庭月收入和父母受教育水平等因素后,感知校园氛围能够显著负向预测青少年网络游戏成癌;不良同伴在感知校园氛围与网络游戏成瘾关系间起着显著的完全中介作用;父母知情对中介路径“感知校园氛围→不良同伴→网络游戏成瘾”具有显著的调节效应.为此,教师可以通过营造积极的校园氛围,增强父母知情,同时减少不良同伴交往来减少青少年网络游戏成瘾行为.

The relationship between impulsivity and cognitive control is still unknown. We hypothesized that trait impulsivity would differentially correlate with specific cognitive control processes. Trait impulsivity was measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, which assesses motor, attention, and non-planning impulsiveness components. Cognitive control was measured by a hybrid-designed Stroop task, which distinguishes proactive and reactive control. Thirty-three participants performed the Stroop task while they were scanned by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Proactive and reactive control involved increased activity in the fronto-parietal network, and brain activity was associated with impulsivity scores. Specifically, higher motor impulsiveness was associated with a larger proactive control effect in the inferior parietal lobule and a smaller reactive control effect in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate contex. Higher attention impulsivity was associated with a smaller proactive control effect in the right DLPFC. Such a correlation pattern suggests that impulsivity trait components are attributable to different cognitive control subsystems.

青少年期是个体对同伴影响最敏感的时期.为了探明同伴游戏比例与青少年网络游戏成瘾的关系及其机制,采用整群取样法,选取广东省5所学校初一到高二的1990名中学生为被试,参与同伴网络游戏使用状况问卷、非适应性认知量表、网络游戏成瘾问卷和冲动量表等调查.研究结果表明,在控制了性别和年龄后,同伴网络游戏比例对个体的网络游戏成瘾倾向有正向的预测作用;非适应性认知中介了同伴游戏比例与网络游戏成瘾的关系;非适应性认知对网络游戏成瘾倾向的影响受到个体冲动性的调节.因此,网络游戏成瘾干预有必要特别关注同伴玩游戏比例较高和非适应性认知水平高的青少年群体,尤其是高冲动青少年,教师和家长需要引导同伴游戏比例高且高冲动性的青少年,避免其卷入网络游戏成瘾,同时采取措施促进其认知控制能力的训练与发展.

Based on the Dual Systems Model (Somerville et al., 2010; Steinberg, 2010a) and the biosocial-affect model (Romer and Hennessy, 2007) of adolescent sensation seeking and problem behaviors, the present study examined how (affective associations with online games as a mediator) and when (impulsivity as a moderator) did sensation seeking influence online gaming addiction in adolescence. A total of 375 Chinese male adolescents (mean age = 16.02 years, SD = 0.85) from southern China completed anonymous questionnaires regarding sensation seeking, positive affective associations with online games, impulsivity, and online gaming addiction. Our findings revealed that sensation seeking, positive affective associations with online games and impulsivity were each significantly and positively associated with online gaming addiction in adolescents. Positive affective associations mediated the relationship between sensation seeking and online gaming addiction. Further, impulsivity moderated the relationship between positive affective associations and online gaming addiction, such that the association between positive affective association and online gaming addiction was stronger for high than for low impulsivity adolescents. These findings underscore the importance of integrating the biosocial-affect model and the Dual Systems Model to understand how and when sensation seeking impacts adolescent online gaming addiction.

采用问卷法对1406名初一学生进行调查,考察了不良同伴交往在父母婚姻冲突与初中生攻击行为关系间的中介效应,以及冲动性对这一中介过程的调节效应.结果发现:(1)在控制了性别、年龄、家庭人均月收入和父母受教育水平之后,婚姻冲突显著正向预测青少年攻击行为;(2)不良同伴交往在婚姻冲突与攻击行为关系间起着显著的部分中介作用;(3)冲动性对中介路径“婚姻冲突→不良同伴交往→攻击行为”具有显著的调节效应.