研究PDCA循环理论在医学英语教学中的应用.对2014级首都医科大学定向本科班临床医学生采用此教学管理方法,进行规范化教学,进一步完善医学英语教学管理体系.使学生对医学英语的兴趣明显增加,其医学英语水平得到了提高.为医学英语教育水平的发展提供了一条新的途径.

探讨聚焦解决模式应用于腹部动态增强磁共振检查患者的效果.方法 选取2016年7月~2017年10月在该院行磁共振腹部动态增强检查的患者128例,按单双月分为观察组和对照组,每组64例.对照组采用常规内容和模式进行护理,观察组按照聚焦解决模式的5个步骤进行护理,比较分析两组患者检查中的遵医配合度,患者对检查的满意度,比较护理前后两组患者的焦虑和抑郁状况,检查结束时记录两组患者完成检查用的时间.结果 护理结束时,观察组的遵医配合度高于对照组,患者对检查的满意度高于对照组,患者的焦虑和抑郁水平显著低于对照组,患者完成腹部动态增强检查用的时间少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0. 001) ,结论 采用聚焦解决模式为基础的心理护理对提高腹部动态增强患者的满意度,缩短检查时间,提高检查效率具有显著的指导作用,可以改善检查中患者的心理状态,帮助患者积极配合顺利完成检查.

目的 描述供电职业人群焦虑、抑郁的现状,探讨影响供电职业人群焦虑、抑郁的相关因素及有效的干预方法,为职业人群心理健康管理提供理论依据.方法 采用流行病学随访研究的方法,应用一般信息问卷、幸福度量表、社会支持评定量表、焦虑和抑郁量表对北京市、河北省唐山市、张家口市18～60岁职业人群进行了分层整群抽样调查,第一层为地区,第二层为电力公司,第三层为部门.2 782名职业人群随机分为干预组和对照组.干预组采用健康教育、企业支持、个体心理疏导、团体心理指导和小组讨论干预方法进行干预;对照组观察其自然变化.结果 2782名职业人群中127名员工(4.57％)有焦虑情绪;299名员工(10.75％)有抑郁心境.焦虑标准分与工作时间、住房、朋友、沟通、幸福度总分和抑郁标准分相关.抑郁标准分与体质指数、甘油三酯、幸福度总分、社会支持总分和焦虑标准分相关.干预前干预组和对照组各项得分差异无统计学意义,干预后干预组焦虑标准分、抑郁标准分明显低于干预前的评分(P＜0.05).结论 供电职业人群焦虑、抑郁症状评分与其生活质量、幸福度、社会支持等因素有关,干预6个月后其焦虑、抑郁评分与对照组比较明显降低.

Objective To investigate the expression of Ang-2 in the retina of hyperoxia-induced model of retinopathy and to evaluate the effect of Ang-2 in retinal neovascularization. Methods Sixty newborn SD rats were randomly divided into hyperoxia and normoxia control groups.30 rats in hyperoxia group were exposed to hyperoxia for 5 days,and subsequently were moved into room air.Another 30 rats were raised in room air.Rats of postnatal day 17 were sacrificed. Then eyes were embedded in paraffin and frozen sections were stained with immunohisto-chemistry to investigate the expression of ang-2. Also, the number of new vascular cell nuclei extending into the internal limiting membrane was counted to assess retinal neovascularization. Results Retinal neovascularization reached maximum on the 17th day.The highest number of neovascular nuclei extending into the internal limiting membrane was 34.78±4.38 compared with that of the same age of control group,1.56±1.64,( <0.001).The expres-sion of ang-2 in hyperoxia group was the strongest in the retina on the 17th day,and the optical density value(OD value)was 117.25±10.67,significantly higher than that of the age-matched control group,83.29±9.15,( < 0.001). Conclusions The retinal neovascularization was in accordance with the change of ang-2 expression, suggesting that there is a close relationship between the expression of ang-2 and retinal neovascularization.

21世纪是生命科学的世纪,近年来神经科学的迅猛发展使得神经病学成为高等院校的一门重要临床课程之一,但由于神经系统疾病的多样性,且其涉及的神经系统解剖、神经生理复杂,概念多,知识抽象,故往往是多数学生较难掌握的课程之一.为了提高这门课程的教学水平,适应新世纪对医学本科生的培养要求,针对传统教学中存在的突出问题,几年来,我们对神经病学课程进行了一些教学改革,尝试了多种新的教学模式并应用到实际施教中,取得了一定的效果,现报道如下.

Objective To understand the status of social support to the elderly in Xicheng district of Beijing,and to explore the related factors and effective intervention method,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving their mental health.Methods A total of 2342 seniors aged 60-80 years were randomly selected using stratified cluster sampling method.All subjects were surveyed and assessed using Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SRAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).They were randomly divided into control group and trial group.Subjects in the trial group received social intervention as health education,community support,psychological consultation and group discussion.Results The total score of social support was 39.67(6.59).Objective support score was 9.47(2.47)and subjective support score was 22.90(4.23).Out of 2342 seniors surveyed,only 19.2% received high level of social support,majority of them received medium level,but still there was 18.1% of seniors who obtained low level of social support.The total support score was significantly related to marriage,job,family type and relationship,watching TV,reading,breeding pet,singing and dancing,personality,life quality,happiness,anxiety and depression(P0.05).Scores of each factor between two groups had no significant difference before intervention.However,after intervention,the scores of objective and subjective support,as well as total score of support were much higher compared to those before intervention(P0.05).Conclusions Social support is independently associated with factors as life quality,happiness,anxiety and depression.It is suggested that mental health intervention should be applied to seniors with low social support.

综述了高年资护士间的人际冲突,主要包括冲突产生的原因、冲突的表现形式,以及冲突造成的负面影响和化解冲突的对策.认为只有有效制止高年资护士间人际冲突的产生、才能缓解紧张的人际关系,促进高年资护士间的团结协作,创造和谐健康的工作环境,使高年资护士将全部精力投入到护理工作中去,保证护理服务质量不受影响,并充分利用高年资护士丰富的临床经验,更好地为患者实施优质护理.

<正>围绝经期是指妇女绝经前后的一段时间(从40岁左右开始至停经后12个月内的时期),包括从接近绝经出现与绝经有关的内分泌、生物学和临床特征起至最后1月经后1 a,也就是卵巢功能衰退的征兆,一直持续到最后1次月经后1 a。在围绝经期由于雌、孕激素水平开始降低,很多女性时常出现潮热

<正>在医疗领域,继续医学教育、终身学习已成为医务人员工作、生活中的重要组成部分。继续教育作为一种教育形式,首先于21世纪60年代中期在发达国家提出。继续教育强调了

目的探讨对高血压患者实施健康教育,降低高血压病的复发,以达到提高生活质量的目的。方法对临床98例高血压患者进行入院评估,制定教育计划,明确教育目标。分别在入院、住院和出院时实施健康教育。结果高血压患者在健康教育前后,对高血压知识的知晓率,由健康教育前的40%提高到健康教育后的85%。结论健康教育是高血压病综合防治的前提和保证,在临床高血压预防治疗中意义重大,影响深远。

Objective To investigate the influence of irbesartan taken before bedtime on morning blood pressure surge in elderly patients with essential hypertension.Methods 112 patients with elderly hypertension were selectd at outpatient service and in-patient department from January 1st,2008 to August 31,2009.According to 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring profiles,the study used morning blood pressure surge patients 112 cases,observed blood pressure and morning blood pressure surge after irbesartan taken before bedtime.Results Before irbesartan treatment,the average 24 h ambulatory systole presses,diastolic pressure and the morning blood pressure surge was(140.1±12.7)mmHg,(85.3±8.8)mmHg and(45.6±10.8)mmHg respectively,After irbesartan treatment,the average 24 h ambulatory systole presses,diastolic pressure and the morning blood pressure surge decreased to(129.5±11.8)mmHg,(74.2±10.3)mmHg and(21.2±4.1)mmHg,There was significant difference between before and after the treatment(P<0.01,P<0.05).The achievement tatio of 24 h ambulatory blood pressure was 84.5%.The morning blood pressure surge was depressed evidently(P<0.01),The achievement tatio of the morning blood pressure surge was 96.4%.Conclusion Irbesartan effectively reduce blood pressure and the peak morning blood pressure and improve achievement ratio of blood pressure.

目的探讨128层螺旋CT颈动脉造影的临床应用价值。方法对60例患者行128层螺旋CT颈动脉造影检查,利用先进的后处理功能对颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉进行分析,在CPR图像上测量血管管径,测量斑块的CT值,判断斑块性质。并与临床危险因素检验结果及头颅CT对照分析。结果研究了60例中的360支动脉,包括双侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉及双侧椎动脉。52例阳性病例,在252支不同程度狭窄的动脉中,其中轻度狭窄28例,中度狭窄14例,重度狭窄、闭塞10例。脂质斑块22处、纤维斑块36处、钙化斑块81处和混合斑块165处。结论 128层螺旋CT颈动脉造影对于颈动脉斑块及狭窄的诊断是一种安全可靠的检查方法。

Objective To investigate the influence of irbesartan taken before bedtime on morning blood pressure surge and urine microalbuminuria in elderly patients with essential hypertension. Methods Ninety-two patients with uncontrolled hypertension were recruited in this study and their 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring profiles were collected for analysis. After irbesartan taken before bedtime, its influence on general blood pressure, morning blood pressure surge and urine microalbuminuria was observed. Results Before irbesartan treatment,the average 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was(140.1 ± 12. 7)mm Hg, the morning blood pressure surge was (45.6 ± 10.8) mm Hg, urine microalbuminuria level was (58.6 ± 3.7) mg/L. After irbesartan treatment,the average 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure decreased to (129. 5 t 11.8) mm Hg (t = 3.18, P ＜ 0.05), the morning blood pressure surge decreased to(14. 2 ±4. 1)mm Hg(t =5.74,P ＜0.01) ,urine microalbuminuria level decreased to(31.7±3.1)mg/L(t =5.24,P＜0.01).Conclusions Irbesartan can effectively reduce the peak morning blood pressure,improve achievement ratio of blood pressure control, decrease urine microalbuminuria level in elderly patients essential hypertension.

完带汤出自<傅青主女科>是一首治疗带下病的有效名方,由人参、山药、白术、白芍、苍术、陈皮、炒荆芥、柴胡、车前子、甘草等组成,具有健脾益气、升阳除湿之功,主治脾虚带下病.笔者跟随赵志宏主任医师学习期间,见其运用完带汤治疗手术后创口久不愈合1例,效若桴鼓,报道如下.

完带汤是清代名医傅青主创立的用于治疗脾虚肝郁、湿浊下注所致白带过多的方剂,经历代医家应用多年,疗效肯定.根据中医辨证论治原则,笔者临床运用完带汤治疗白带过多以外的疾病,也获得了满意疗效,举例如下.

完带汤是清代名医傅青主创立的用于治疗脾虚肝郁、湿浊下注所致白带过多的方剂.根据中医辨证论治原则,临床运用完带汤治疗妇科病白带过多以外的疾病,也获得了满意疗效,现举隅如下.