Objective To evaluate the compatible stability of Rhubarb Injection with Folium Perillae Injection at room temperature. Methods After Folium Perillae injection and Rhubarb injection were prepared,quality control was conducted according to the"Pharmacopeia of China 2005". Appearance,absorbability value,pH value and particles of mixture of the two injections within 6h were detected by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,pH meter and microscope. Results No significant change was observed in appearance,particles,pH value and absorbability value of the mixture at room temperature. Conclusion Rhubarb injection mixed with Folium Perillae injection has good stability and the two injections can be mixed to use.

Objective Intimal hyperplasia after bypass surgery is closely related with the flow pattern in bypassed artery,which is the main cause of surgery failure.In order to improve the flow pattern structure and offer an optimization design,an axis-deviated arterial bypass(ADAB) methods was designed and computational numerical simulation of flow patterns was conducted.Methods Sixteen dogs were randomly divided into two groups:the axis-deviated arterial bypass group and conventional arterial bypass(CAB) group.Geometry data of the bypassed vessels were measured before and after surgery.Blood pressure and blood flow volume at the proximal and distal anastomosis were determined after bypass surgery.Flow structures in the bypassed vessels were simulated using FLUENT 6.2 software.Results The proximal and distal anastomosis was not in the same plane in ADAB group.In CAB group,the vortex flow along the floor of the host artery opposite the anastomotic junction turns into two symmetrical helical structures that possess the typical characteristics of the Dean-type flow pattern.There exists a rather low wall shear stress area around the flow stagnation point that locates approximately at the middle of the host artery floor opposite the bypass junction.In ADAB group,an apparent swirling flow occurs immediately when the fluid enters the host artery and moves along the floor of the host artery with its strength intact.The swirling flow created in axis-deviated bypass model significantly altered the overall flow pattern in the host artery,eliminated the low wall shear stress zone and enhanced the wall shear stress along the floor of the host artery.Axis-deviated arterial bypass could induce a swirling flow in the bypassed host artery.Conclusion Axis-deviated arterial bypass may create a swirling flow,increasing the blow flow volume and wall shear stress in the distal anastomoses.

1 发病情况寻血犬,8岁,体重28 kg,未曾生育过.2009年3月初发情,发情时主人见有褐色分泌物从阴道流出,开始食欲不振,发情约一周后不吃,但饮欲明显增强.于2009年3月19日前来求诊,就诊时鼻镜干,精神较差.

To investigate the effects of Rhubarb injection on fibrinolytic system after vascular bypass surgery,twenty hybridization dogs were divided to four groups randomly,which were control,high dosage(0.8 g·kg-1),middle dosage(0.4 g·kg-1) and low dosage group(0.08 g·kg-1).The common carotid artery was reconstructed with jugular vein from the same side.Administration of Rhubarb injection was intravenous transfusion through vena cephalica accessoria.Parameters of fibrinolytic system was detected by ELISA quantitative assay before operation,1,2,3,5,7,14,21 d postoperatively.Results were as follows:(1) Granule membrane protein 140,D-dimer,plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was significantly reduced;(2) Tissue-type plasminogen activator was significantly increased;(3) Fibrinogen degradation products had no change.Results showed that Rhubarb injection could retrieve blood hypercoagulable state of fibrinolytic system,recovery activity of anticoagulation system and prevent thrombogenesis after vascular bypass surgery.

阴道内膜增生指远端阴道黏膜腹侧壁水肿、增生,并向后脱出于阴门内或阴门外.主要见于发情前期和发情期的年轻母犬.

In order to observe the effects of Rhubarb injection on blood hemorrheological parameters after bypass vascular surgery,20 hybrid dogs were divided into high,middle,low dosage group(0.8,0.4 and 0.08 g/kg)and control group.The common carotid artery was reconstructed with jugular vein from the same side by 45° bypass vascular surgery.Rhubarb injection was intravenously transfused through vena cephalica.The hemorrheological parameters were detected at pre-medication,1 and 2 weeks after drug administration.Results were as follows:(1) All dosage of rhubarb injection could extremely reduce the whole blood viscosity at low shear rate(10 s-1),middle and high dosage could also significantly or extremely reduce the whole blood viscosity at middle and high shear rate(60 s-1,150 s-1).(2) Low and high dosage had no effects on whole blood reductive viscosity,but middle dosage of could significantly decrease the whole blood reductive viscosity;(3) All dosage could significantly reduce plasma viscosity after 2 weeks administration.(4) Low and high dosage had no influence on erythrocyte aggregation index,erythrocyte rigidity index,erythrocyte deformation index,but middle dosage could significantly decrease erythrocyte aggregation index.(5) All dosage had no influence on hematocrit and erythrocyte electrophoresis index.In brief,middle dosage could significantly improve hemorrheological feature of dogs after bypass vascular surgery.

Objective: To explore the effects of Folium Perillae injection on blood parameters after vascular bypass surgery in dogs.Method: Twenty hybridization dogs were randomly divided into high,middle,low dosage groups(1 434 mg/kg,478 mg/kg,159 mg/kg)and control.The common carotid artery was reconstructed with jugular vein from the same side by 45° bypass vascular surgery.Folium Perillae injection was intravenously administrated from brachiocephalic vein daily for 3 weeks.The blood parameters were detected at the 0,1,2,and 3 weeks after drug administration.Results: Compared with the control group,low,medium and high dosage of Folium Perillae injection could significantly decrease the whole blood viscosity and the whole blood reductive viscosity at low shear rate(10 s-1),erythrocyte aggregation index and erythrocyte electrophoresis index(P<0.05 or P<0.01).High dosage of Folium Perillae injection could significantly decrease the whole blood viscosity and the whole blood reductive viscosity at middle shear rate(60 s-1)(P<0.05),but low and middle dosage of Folium Perillae injection had no significant effects on the whole blood viscosity and the whole blood reductive viscosity at medium shear rate(60 s-1)(P>0.05).Low,middle and high dosage of Folium Perillae injection had no significant effects on hematocrit,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte rigidity index,the whole blood viscosity and the whole blood reductive viscosity at high shear rate(150 s-1).Conclusions: Folium Perillae injection could significantly improve the hemorrheological characteristics of dogs after vascular bypass surgery.

Objective To investigate the effects of ePTFE cuff on arterialization of vein after bypass surgery in dogs. Methods Thirty-six healthy dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 18 in each group). The implanted veins in experimental group were enclosed by ePTFE, and that of the control group were not enclosed. Common carotid artery was reconstructed with ipsilateral external jugular vein. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 6 and 10w postoperatively, respectively. The vein graft was separated and using pressure perfused by formalin. The explanted vein was cut at the middle, then the proximal segment was divided into two segments, the segment near the anastomosis was as "a" segment, the other was " b" segment. Segments a and b were sliced into 3 mm sections, respectively. Thickness of the vascular wall was analyzed and measured. Results In control group, basic value of lateral wall thickness of the a segment was (0. 46 ± 0.09) mm, and it increased to (0. 64 ±0.06) ,( 2.20 ±0.51 ),( 3.23±0. 3 8 ) mm, respectively, at 2 , 6 and 10w. Basic value of medial wall thickness of the b segment was ( 0. 46 ± 0. 09 ) mm, whichincreased to( 0. 59 ±0.05) , ( 2. 46 ±0. 41) , ( 2. 01 ±0. 11) mm, respectively at 2 , 6 and 10w. In experimental group, basic value of the lateral wall thickness of the a segment was (0.41 ±0.09) mm, and the value was (0. 75 ± 0. 22 ) , ( 1. 31 ± 0. 21 ) mm, respectively, at 6 and 10w. Basic value of the medial wall thickness of the b segment was (0.41 ± 0. 09 ) mm, which was ( 0. 70 ± 0. 04 ) , ( 1. 24 ± 0.28) mm, respectively, at 6 and lOw. Compared with the control group, the vessel wall thickness in experimental group was decreased significantly ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) . Conclusions ePTFE cuff can retard the arterialization process of implanted vein.

为了研究出现典型临床症状犬瘟热病犬肝功能的变化,为犬瘟热的治疗及预后提供理论指导,试验采用半自动生化分析仪测定了5例犬瘟热病犬丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)及血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(SP)、总胆红素(T-Bil)、直接胆红素(D-Bil)等指标.结果表明:出现典型临床症状犬瘟热病犬的ALT、AST普遍偏高,测定值分别为(84.20±17.68) U/L、(79.20±14.14) U/L;TP、ALB普遍偏低,分别为(53.00±7.31) g/L、(24.80±5.17) g/L;T-Bil、D-Bil、SP浓度分别为(5.96±1.47)μmol/L、(3.88±1.84) μmol/L 和(28.30±8.26) g/L,变化不明显.

Objective:To observe the effects of different bypass vascular anastomosis methods on blood flow,blood pressure,and intimal hyperplasia at the opposite site of distal stoma.Methods:Sixteen dogs were randomly divided into two groups:eccentric bypass grafting group(group EBG)and conventional bypass grafting group(group CBG).Blood pressure and blood flow volume at proximal and distal stoma were determined after bypass surgery.Pathological changes were observed with tissue sections and vascular intimal thickness of distal stoma was determined in 3 months after the surgery.Results:(1)The blood flow volume of EBG group(2.7±0.4)at distal stomas were significantly higher(P0.01)than those of group CBG(2.1±0.5 mL/s);(2)Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure at distal stoma in group EBG(97±19 and 86±17 mmHg)were higher than those of group CBG(96 ±14 and 76±14 mmHg),but the difference was not significant statistically;(3)The intimal thickness were 110.50±9.62 μm and 60.32±3.52 μm in CBG group and EBG group,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P0.01).Conclusions:The eccentric bypass method could inhibit intimal hyperplasia at the opposite site of distal stoma by enhancing blood flow volume.

<正>笔者于2005年9月至2007年8月份对贵阳市具有代表性的某动物医院记录的1 078例病例资料进行统计,旨在得到贵阳市各类犬病的发生情况,为犬病的防治提供参考。1材料与方法1.1调查内容按病因的不同,将1 078例犬病分为传染病、寄生虫病和普通病三大类,分别计算上述三大类疾病的发病率;根据病犬品种、年龄、性别以及发病季度的不同,调查各类疾病发生与品种、年龄、性别、季度的关系。

肠套叠是指一段肠管及其肠系膜一起套入到邻近一段肠管内,由此诱发肠道中的内容物通过障碍的现象.猫肠道的任何部位都可发生套叠,但以空肠和回肠常见,套叠部分的肠段常因血液循环障碍而出现坏死[1].

The impalpable powder(75μm) of Rhubarb was handled with acid and supersonic wave,and extractum of rhubarb was prepared by recirculation extracting.Free anthraquinones was extracted with ligarine.Dopant was detached at pH value of 9 in water to prepare purified free anthraquinones injection.Concentrations of rhein,emodin,chrysophanol,physcion and aloe-emodin were determinated by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The pyrogenic characteristics,muscle irritation,LD50 of this injection were examined according to the "Pharmacopeia of China 2005".Tannin was detected with gelatin solution.Results were as follows: concentrations of rhein,physcion,emodin,aloe-emodin,chrysophanol were 0.2236,1.7882,0.8342,0.4913,5.4013mg/mL,respectively.Concentration of total anthraquinone was 8.7386mg/mL.LD50 was 1.2131g.Tannin content was lower than 0.05mg/mL.Animal experiments showed that the injection of rhubarb described above was satisfied with the demand of Pharmacopeia.It was showed that the method of combinative usage of ligarine extraction and dopant sedimentation by pH adjustment to prepare rhubarb injection was practicable.

以大黄极细粉(75 μm)为原料,95%乙醇为溶媒辅助超声波处理,回流提取大黄游离蒽醌类有效成分,分别以醇提水沉法和石油醚萃取结合pH沉淀法进行有效成分纯化,高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测各游离蒽醌含量,FM27J冰点渗透压计测定注射液的渗透压,明胶法测定鞣质含量,比较2种方法对大黄注射液质量的影响.结果:石油醚萃取法和醇提水沉法制备的大黄注射液游离蒽醌总含量分别8.738 6和0.104 mg/mL,生药提取率分别为1.74%和O.02%;石油醚萃取法制备的注射液渗透压、鞣质含量等均优于醇提水沉法.

选取10条雄性健康犬,随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组5条.实验动物模型采用同侧自体颈静脉行颈动脉45.搭桥.术后均采取常规治疗,治疗组给予肝素钠.分别于术前及术后1、2、3天在颈静脉采血,检测D-二聚体、血清纤维蛋白(原)降解产物(FDP)、血浆血小板a颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)、纤溶酶原激活剂的抑制物-1(PAI-1)和组织纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)等纤维蛋白溶解系统(纤溶)指标的变化.结果:治疗组与对照组相比,D-二聚体.GMP-140、PAI-1显著降低(P＜0.05),t-PA显著升高(P＜0.05),FDP变化不显著(P＞0.05).结论:肝素钠可改善血管搭桥术后纤溶系统,纠正血液高凝状态,恢复抗凝系统活性.