社区支持农业,作为一种新型的食物供给体系,在引入我国十余年后,其运行模式为适应我国的经营环境也出现了相应的分化,为探究不同运行模式CSA企业的优劣,文章基于文献研究和多案例分析法,通过对广州市不同运行模式下的CSA企业的实地调研和电话访谈,以基本概况、运行模式与特点、 经营成效层层递进的方式对各类CSA企业做出深入的剖析.研究发现,不同运行模式下CSA企业适用条件不同,各有优劣,对运营要求也有所不同,并得出结论:消费者推动型CSA企业需要具备号召力的发起者,通过自身的领导力,获取信任资金,并设计规划农场的运营,保证对注资客户提供满意的农产品;生产者推动型CSA企业一方面需要有稳定投资能力的资本,另一方面要具备品牌特色以吸引客户形成社区群体;NGO推动型CSA企业则需要足够多有能力有理想的公益参与者的支持.据此,得出启示并提出建议:CSA企业应差异化经营优势,与政府共同推广CSA概念的普及,政府可提供适当的支持.

针对广州市生活垃圾中以废塑料袋为代表的低值废塑料,开发了一套处理设计规模为5 kg/h高压热裂解-催化改质中试装置,分别以高洁净度的废PE包装膜、中等洁净度的PE废塑料袋和含杂质较多的混合废塑料为原料,在500℃、0.8 MPa的工况条件下进行了塑料裂解制油中试试验.结果 表明:构成单一且洁净度较高的废塑料,裂解油转化率达到72％以上,油产品品质部分满足GB 19147-2016车用柴油的要求;每千克废塑料裂解产生的不凝性可燃气体可回收12.1 MJ的能量,在实际生产过程中可满足裂解过程能耗需求,达到能量自平衡.通过中试试验验证了低值废塑料裂解可有效提高废弃物的资源化程度.经测算,处理每吨低值废塑料可以产生486～1 074元的利润.

废塑料已经成为生活垃圾中占比仅次于厨余垃圾的组成部分,其回收利用具有节约资源、低碳环保的重大意义.通过对广州市低值废塑料在生活垃圾中占比和组成调查,分析当前低值废塑料回收利用存在问题,并提出相应的管理对策和建议.

Objective To explorer the effect of the psychological intervention in depression and the life quality on institution endowment eld-ers. Methods The elders in institution endowment in the number of 240 were randomly sampled and divided into treatment group and control group, each with 120 elders. The two groups were all given depression and life quality assessment. Then the control group were treated with routing narsing, and the treatment group were treated with individual psychological intervention. Then comparing the two groups’ depression level. Results After intervention, the depression level of the treatment group was lower than the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion The psychological intervention can alleviate elders’ depression, promote their mental health and improve the quality of life.

分析了广州市餐饮废弃物的来源、产生量等处理现状,结合广州市餐饮垃圾和废弃食用油脂管理办法的立法起草过程,从管理废弃物的对象、经营服务、资格许可、运营管理模式、服务区域划分、收运处置管控以及联合执法等方面进行了论证研究.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of continuity care model on patients with stroke. Method:Three hundred and eighty patients with stroke in our hospital during January 2012 to December 2012 were col ected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 190 cases in each group. The control group only received routine care, while the experimental group received routine care plus continuity care model for six months. The compliant behaviors and activities of daily living were comparated and analyzed. Results: Regular medication,exercise time,proper diet were increased more obviously in study group than that in control group, which had statistic significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: Clinical application of continuity nursing model in patiens with stroke can obviously improve compliant behaviors, activities of daily living and the quality of lives of patiets, which plays an important role in the recovery process of stroke.

Objective: To discuss the causes of difficulty of urination after TURP and nursing measures. Methods: Col ecting 120 TURP patients in our hospital from 2011 to December 2013, randomly divided them into observation group and control group. 60 patients in the control group underwent routine care and others in observed group receive predictive nursing. Results: There was no dysuria occurred in the observation group but the rate was 26.7% in the control group . So observation group was significantly lower than the control group, the hospitalization time of the observation group was significantly shorter than the control group. Nursing of observation group satisfaction was 100.0%,which was markedly higher than 90.0% of the control group . (P <0.05). Conclusion: The analysis of postoperative dysuria TURP reason, early implementation of nursing helps reduce complications such as difficulty urinating.To improve the quality of clinical nursing and patient satisfaction,these should be widely applied.

Objective To explore the application of nitroglycerin combined with esmolol in hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage surgery.Methods 72 patients undergoing emergency surgery for cerebral hemorrhage ( inclusion criteria: SBP≥200 mmHg) were randomly divided into two groups (Group A and Group B).Nitroglycerin combined with esmolol was used in Group A (n=36); nitroglycerin was used in Group B (n=36).Hemodynamics, the intraoperative blood loss and the duration of anesthesia in patients in Group A and Group B were observed and statistically analyzed .Results Compared to T0, MAP in both two groups at T1, T2 and T3 were decreased significantly (p<0.05).There were no significant differences between Group A and Group B in MAP at any time points.Compared to T0 , HR at T1 , T2 and T3 in Group B were increased significantly (p<0.05), while HR at T2, T3 and T4 in Group A were decreased significantly (p<0.05).HR at T1,T2, T3 and T4 in Group A were lower than those in Group B (p<0.01).Conclusion Nitroglycerin combined with esmolol on inter-vention for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage surgery has certain advantages.

目的观察不同剂量芬太尼复合丙泊酚用于人工流产术的临床效果,并探讨其最佳剂量。方法选择200例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级自愿终止妊并无禁忌症的早孕妇女,随机均分成A、B、C、D四组进行比较。结果 A、B、C组术中体动明显少于D组(P<0.05)。结论 0.025～0.05mg芬太尼复合丙泊酚用于人工流产术麻醉,对患者呼吸循环影响小,镇静镇痛效果良好,可明显减少丙泊酚的用量和缩短患者术毕唤醒时间、定向力恢复时间。

针对国内外餐饮垃圾的几种处理技术进行比较分析,同时结合广州实际,提出适合广州市餐饮垃圾的处理技术建议。

目前研究以铋代铅生产环境友好无铅黄铜较为常见.系统地描述了无铅铋黄铜的发展背景和国内外研究开发动态,分别介绍了铋黄铜合金成分优化、组织结构及冷热加工性能对其切削性能、耐脱锌腐蚀性等方面的影响,并对将来开发、应用环境友好无铅黄铜存在的问题及研发方向提出了几点建议.

Objective To investigate the health status of the elderly and health services in community. MethodsA total of 340 familyprofiles were randomly sampled,which were from Nanyuandong committeeof Guangzhou city andinvestigated for the health status of the elderly over age 60. ResultsAbout 69.05% of the elderly were found to havechronic diseases,among which,the topfive were hypertension,cataract,coronary heart disease,chronic bronchitisand diabetesmellitus.Cigarette-smokingand high-salt diet were riskfactors for hypertension,while participatingin physical exercisecould effectively reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Conclusions On thebasis of preventivehealth care,the development of community health services should be strengthened,which is a main way to solvehealth problemsin the elderly.

目的:通过B型超声诊断仪检查肝、胆、脾、肾等,分析B超检查在海船船员健康体检中的价值。方法:采用日立5500超声诊断仪,空腹情况下按常规进行肝、胆、脾、双肾、膀胱探测,依据超声医学声像图诊断标准做出诊断,并按45~50岁、51~55岁、56岁以上3个年龄组进行分析。结果:对920例海员船员进行B超肝、胆、脾、双肾、膀胱探测,检出肝、胆、肾疾病等9种,疾病共515例(55.98%)。其中部分病例含有2种或2种以上的异常指标,其中检出肝脏疾病293例(31.8%),占检病率56.9%。脂肪肝172例(18.7%),占检病率33.4%;胆囊疾病119例(12.9%),占检病率23.1%。胆囊息肉样病变共85例(9.2%),占检病率16.5%;胆囊结石共31例(3.4%),占检病率6.0%;泌尿系疾病93例(10.0%),占检病率18.1%。泌尿系统结石46例(5.0%),占检病率7.0%。结论:B超在海船海员行健康体检能及时发现疾病,及时治疗,具有临床应用价值。

Separation efficiency of oil separator directly affects the cooling effect in refrigeration system.The set of separation efficiency test stand of oil separator was proposed based on the weighting method.By means of the measurement of refrigerant and lubricant mass before and after the filtration process,separation efficiency of the test device can be calculated,providing a scientific and accurate test method for the key performance indicators of the oil separator.

The influencing factors of using domestic waste as alternative fuel for cement industry were analyzed by means of introducing engineering practices of municipal solid waste co-disposal by applying cement kiln in domestic and overseas,and its technical feasibility analysis was carried out.

目的探讨胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔采用传统开腹与腹腔镜手术术式的手术疗效比较。方法对比分析传统开腹手术组与腹腔镜手术修补组的手术时间、手术出血量、术后排气时间、住院天数、术后疼痛、并发症发生率等。结果开腹手术组与腹腔镜手术组手术时间分别为(45.6±13.8)min、(39.2±15.6)min;住院天数分别为(7.5±4.8)d、(6.7±3.9)d;无明显差异(P>0.05);术后排气时间分别为(2.9±2.5)d、(1.7±1.9)d,手术出血量分别为(9.5±5.8)ml、(3.1±2.2)ml,术后止痛剂使用率分别为63.3%、6.7%。并发症发生率分别为13.3%、3.3%。以上项目4组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜手术治疗上消化道溃疡穿孔安全可靠,手术创伤小,恢复快,便于基层医院推广。

The riverbed near to the piers of super major bridge crossing the river was scoured more seriously,which had endangered the security of some pile foundation.So civil engineering field had paid attention to active protection.This paper takes the implementation of protecting XiJiang River grand bridge crossing zhongjiang highway for example,and proposes protection and reinforcement methods of design,construction,inspection,etc,which will provide reference for the same type of reinforce project.

Objective To summarize the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment principles of abdomen postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome(PGS).Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with abdomen postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome,collected from our hospital in the past ten years,were analyzed retrospectively.Results All 28 patients were cured by conservation therapy.The average gastric dynamics response time was 20.2 days(12.0～34.0 days),which included 2 cases recovered within 1-2 weeks,17 cases recovered within 2-3 weeks,7 cases recovered within 3-4 weeks,2 cases recovered over 4 weeks.Conclusion PGS is a functional reaction rather than mechanical obstruction disease.The diagnosis mainly depends on the symptoms and sighs combined with gastrointestinal angiography or endoscopy.Most of the patients can be cured by conservative treatment.

A large quantity of cracking appeared in the welding parts of copper pipe and low carbon steel pipe.The cracking reasons were analyzed by means of macro examinaton on the cracking position,chemical compositions analysis,fracture observition by SEM and microstructure inspection.The results show that the comprehensive effect,which was induced the oxygen content in the material was over standard and grain boundary weakness by long time welding,made that the structural stress and thermal stress existed in the joint.The grain boundary cracked when the stress exceeded the limit of the material.The improved measures were also brought forward on the basis of analysis.

Supply chain risk preference is the current research focus.When the former scholars studied the supply chain coordination strategies,most of them just took account of the situation that the supply chain members were risk neutral and did not consider the situations that the supply chain members were risk aversion or risk chasing.Based on the summarization of the previous studies,this paper establishes a supply chain model which includes one supplier and one retailer.Both the supplier and the retailer constitute a Stackelberg model.Under the condition of stochastic market demands,this paper uses supply chain return policy and buy back contract to study the supply chain coordination policy when one of the supply chain members is risk chasing and the other is risk neutral.And then this paper analyzes the result with the situation when supply chain members are risk-neutral.At last,this paper gets the supply chain coordination strategy under various risk attitudes portfolios and gets a conclusion that regardless of the risk preference of the supply chain members,when supplier adopts the supply chain return policy and buy back contract together,the supply chain can achieves coordination without changing the buyback price.