随着互联网的发展与知识经济时代的到来,有效的知识管理成为提高企业竞争力的重要一环,为解决农业电商产业链知识网络知识传递效率不足的问题,提出一种基于粒子群算法的网络结构优化模型.文章首先对农业电商产业链进行界定,提出了农业电商产业链初始知识网络的结构模型,然后分析了当前知识网络存在的问题,采用粒子群算法,通过知识节点适应度对知识网络结构进行优化,最后以北大荒现代农业电商平台进行实证研究,实验结果验证了研究所提出优化方法的有效性.

2014-11-22,位于青藏高原东部的四川省康定县发生了Ms 6.3级地震,为一次左旋走滑事件,发震构造为鲜水河断裂带南东段的色拉哈断裂。对地震灾区进行的地表破裂特征调查和房屋震害调查表明:1.地震没有形成明显的地表破裂,地表破裂主要表现为张性地裂缝、喷砂冒水、小型滑坡、道路边坡失稳及滚石等;2.烈度图长轴方向与鲜水河断裂走向一致;3.房屋震害具有农牧区房屋破坏普遍,城镇房屋破坏较轻的分布特点;4.2014-11-25的Ms 5.8级强余震,加深了灾区破坏程度。

农业虚拟产业集群内企业融资困难是制约其发展的一个重要因素,集群组团融资模式有效地解决了这一问题.这种模式包含准内源性和外源性两种融资方式,在内外融资和风险控制机制的运作下发挥效用.集群组团融资模式提高了融资效率,促进了资金循环,从整体上推动了农业虚拟产业集群的发展.

农业虚拟产业集群是网络经济时代对农业产业集群的延伸和拓展,知识转化是其发展的动力源泉,基于知识发酵的农业虚拟产业集群知识转化机制的构建,为研究农业虚拟产业集群和知识转化理论提供了新的思路.

Objective: To explore the short-term efficacy of artificial unicompartmental replacement of knee in the treatment of advanced unicompartmental knee artificial replacement. Methods: 37 cases of dvanced unicompartmental knee artificial replacement who were treated by artificial unicompartmental replacement and had been followed-up for more than 2 years from March 2007 to September 2011 were selected. X-ray of knee joint, wobbles, sinking and the other side compartment for any degenerative were observed. HSS score in the last follow-up, and the difference of pain and function were compared between bwfore and after operation. Results: All of 37 patients were followed-up, the time of follow-up was 22-38 months, on average 29.8 months, there was no aggravation of loosery, subsidence and the other side compartment degeneration or degeneration. HSS score was 95.5 ±1.7 in the last follow-up, which was significantly higher than that before surgery(68.5±2.1). The difference was statistically significant(P=0.016). Conclusion: Knee artificial unicompartmental replacement surgery possessed less invasive, fewer complications, quick recovery and good term efficacy, good function and good short-term outcome.

"官产学研金"合作与虚拟产业集群,是当前世界各国研究如何实现科技成果转化为生产力,实体经济与虚拟经济相结合等方面的重点研究领域,也是解决我国农业发展当中存在的诸多问题的突破口。

Objective: Study different doses of icariin on titanium particle-induced mouse osteolysis model of OPG / RANKL gene and its protein expression to explore the mechanism of icariin treatment arthroplasty osteolysis.Methods: 40 from adult BALB / C mice were randomly divided into sham group,the negative control group,the icariin group of low-dose and high dose group(n=10),The establishment of osteolysis model 2 weeks after surgery,In addition to the sham operation group,the rest of the establishment of osteolysis model each group according to their respective drug and dose given 1 times per day gavage for 8 weeks.Withdrawal the next day,take the skull tissue and peripheral blood.Use real-time PCR and ELISA techniques to determine the OPG / RANKL gene and its protein expression.Results:Compared with the negative control group,OPG gene and protein expression of the high dose group was significantly increased(P0.01),RANKL gene and protein expression decreased significantly(P0.01);There was no significant difference in the low dose group.Conclusions: Icariin can change the OPG / RANKL gene and protein expression to inhibit osteolysis,which may be one of the its mechanisms treatment arthroplasty osteolysis.

Virtual industrial cluster of regional agriculture breaks the limits of farm product's improvement,produce and sale from natural climate and geographical conditions,realizes the cross-regional cooperation and competitions between organizations,and promotes sound development among the internal partners within cluster.In the view of many current problems,such as narrow resources sharing of cluster information management,lacking industrial talents,and unsmooth information channel of supply and demand,we should take the following measures to improve cluster producing management efficiency and core competition,increasing resource integration and sharing degree by building information platform,extending external network to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,grasping consumers' consumption demand and psychology to expand product's selling,and taking timely communication with government to get feedback and provide good soft and hard conditions for cluster development.

由于各国的政治体制、经济制度、制度文化和价值观念特别是文化差异等背景不同,从而形成了不同类型的社会保障制度。在体系演进的过程当中,我们应注重借鉴和吸收国际经验,从制度的发展规律和历史、文化的视角,选择具有代表性国家的农村养老保障制度,为当前我国正在进行的和谐社会农村养老保障制度建设提供借鉴经验。建立具有中国特色的农村养老保障制度,要强化政府的责任、提倡孝文化,在观念上和模式上培育新的家庭养老方式、建立民间的农村社会养老慈善机构,多渠道筹集社会养老慈善资金。

本文对我国现行农村养老保障的各种组织资源进行了梳理,列举了现行各类养老保障制度模式,在此基础上提出我国农村养老保障的制度模式应根据不同地区的发展水平、不同区域农村养老保障水平的现状,不同人群的养老方式,重构与地区经济发展非均衡战略相适应的分地区、分层次和分阶段进行设计和实施的农村养老保障制度可能的发展模式。

Rural old-age security system is the third largest social security system subsequent to basic living allowance system for rural residents and new type of rural cooperative medical care system.During the innovation of old-age security system,it is the key to realize that rural residents can enjoy the same security benefits that urban residents have.The author put forwards the following measures: adhering to government guidance,establishing a multi-pillar old-age security system and serving for groups of different levels;according to economy of different regions and development of local rural economy,building a multi-source raising mechanism;by integrating many optimized mechanisms,forming one security system suitable for urban and rural residents;through building an operation agent for old-age security fund,preserving and increasing the value of security funds;by combining poverty alleviation and development,building non-government old-age charities for raising charity funds in rural community;on the basis of optimizing health resource allocation,reforming medical mode to set a direct-sale network for senior citizens with medicines at factory price;organizing light physical production activities for old-age citizens to improve their income and realize "spiritual care" with various contents and forms;accelerating the training of social workers to build a new old-age care mode.

The post-evaluation for virtual organizations can make the decision-making and management more scientific.This paper designs the post-evaluation system by analyzing its functions and characters.The evaluation results are obtained quantitatively with the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehension decision method.

Theorists think highly of virtual enterprises after it was raised.The article summarized the research and application on virtual enterprises from all the world,and pointed out the shorteomings on it in the end.High-level and underlying from work of organizational structure can be designed using hierarchical design method.

The Virtual Research and Development Organization(VRDO) possess the advantages of capital,scale profit and scope economy.The research on it has been paid more and more attention and applied widely in practice.It has formed its initial scale.The article summarizes the research and application on VRDO from all over the world,and pointes out the shortcomings of it in the end.

技术创新是农业产业化龙头企业焕发生机和活力的引擎,是提高农业产业化龙头企业竞争力的关键。研发是技术创新的源头,龙头企业研发组织虚拟化运营对于推进技术创新的提升具有较大的优势。保障农业产业化龙头企业研发组织虚拟化顺利运营的制度措施应包括四个方面的内容,即构建农业技术创新研发体系,加强政府对农业研发组织的组织与协调,建立研发投入机制,建立人才培养机制。

虚拟企业的产生是以计算机技术为基础的全球经济信息化、一体化和网络化,企业适应不断变化的外部环境的结果。其形成机理为价值链理论、核心能力理论和交易费用理论。