During the periparturient period, dairy cows suffer drastic metabolic stress because of plasma increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) that stem from a negative energy balance. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine that activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to maintain intracellular energy balance and tissue integrity via the promotion of catabolism and the inhibition of anabolic regulation. FGF21 treatment caused a 50% reduction in triglyceride (TG) content in liver in dairy cows. However, it is not clear whether FGF21 regulates lipid metabolism in bovine liver. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of FGF21 on lipid metabolism via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The hepatocytes isolated from calves were treated with different concentrations of FGF21 or co-treated with AMPK inhibitor (BML-275). Herein, the study showed that FGF21 significantly reduced TG content in a dose–response manner and promoted very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion via an up-regulation of the proteins (ApoB 100, ApoE and MTTP) involved in VLDL secretion. Otherwise, the genes associated with lipid transport (LDLR and CD36) and lipid oxidation (PPARGC1A, ACOX1 and CPT1A), were up-regulated following FGF21 treatment. Moreover, FGF21 treatment inhibited lipogenesis via SREBF1, ACACA, FASN and ACLY inhibition. After being co-treated with the AMPK inhibitor, FGF21-induced changes were reversed in some genes. In conclusion, these results indicate that FGF21 adaptively regulates energy metabolism for a negative impact on lipogenesis, strengthens lipid oxidation, and inhibited lipid transportation via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The present data suggest the possibility that FGF21 has potential value in alleviating perinatal metabolic diseases in dairy cows, and specific research in vivo should be studied in more detail.

ABSTRACT Fatigue is a comprehensive process that involves many physiological and biochemical factors. It is a normal physiological reaction when human physical or mental activities reach a certain level. In recent years, it has been verified that free radicals are closely related to exercise-induced fatigue. Cardamine bursa purified selenoprotein has good oxygen-free radical scavenging ability and anti-lipid peroxide. It could protect mitochondria, liver, and red blood cells from peroxide injury. Therefore, it was speculated that the purification of selenoprotein Cardamine may play an active role in attenuating exercise-induced fatigue by scavenging free radicals. This study cleared the selenite protein Capsella bursa (SPC) as a research object, and evaluated its structural characteristics in relieving exercise-induced fatigue. The selenoprotein index system for exercise-induced fatigue was constructed by combining two AHP methods, principal component analysis and factor analysis. Purity, subunit composition, amino acid composition and RCM content were evaluated. The corresponding RCM protein was preliminarily predicted. The results showed that SPCH could significantly prolong the swimming time (P <0.01), improve the lactate clearance capacity (P <0.01), increase the glycogen content of the liver (P <0.01), and reduce the level of the BUN (P <0.05). SPCH has a good effect in relieving exercise-induced fatigue in mice, so it can be considered for development as a nutritional supplement to alleviate exercise-induced fatigue.

In order to improve the feature extraction ability of nanofibers, a feature detection method based on non-linear mapping pattern recognition is proposed. The cluster–cluster hybrid molecular reconstruction method is used to deal with the spatial spectrum beamforming of nanofiber features, and the recursive graph analysis method is used to decompose the association rule features of nanofibers to realize the non-linear mapping pattern recognition of nanofiber features. Combined with the related attribute-clustering method, the characteristics of nanofibers are classified and identified to achieve the optimization of nanofiber feature detection. The simulation results show that the method has high accuracy, good performance of pattern recognition of non-linear mapping and good ability of accurate recognition of the crystal structure characteristics of nanofibers.

随着我国经济社会的发展,体育产业迅速崛起,对体育人才的需求量逐渐升高.高校是人才培养的主要基地,社会大量的人才需求,给高校体育人才培养方面带来了压力,目前我国高校体育人才培养还存在一定的不足.通过了解社会对体育人才的需求目标,分析高校人才培养过程中存在的问题,并且对体育人才培养方案给出合理化建议.

纵观《国家学生体质健康标准》的实施历程,其间中共中央、国务院、教育部、发改委、国家体育总局、共青团中央、以及财政部等多部门不断督促学生体质健康水平的改善,然而学生速度、爆发力、力量耐力素质水平却进一步下降,肥胖率不能得到明显改善.本文从学校体育的指导思想开始,分析了学校体育在促进学生体质健康发展方面存在的问题,并形成了以"学生体质健康"为核心,在《标准》的检验、指导下,以运动处方为手段,通过体育教学,课外体育活动的途径改善提高学生体质健康水平的指导体系.

本研究通过调查我校体质健康不及格学生现状,制定改善提高学生体质健康水平的对策,为我校学生体质健康相关政策与学校体育工作提供决策参考.

本研究在总结近些年高校体育专项教学效果的基础上，通过查阅文献资料，论述了高校体育课初步完成从规定项目教学向学生依据兴趣爱好进行选项的教学模式转变之后，体育课专项教学中凸显出来的几个矛盾，希望能对今后的体育教学工作提供借鉴。

本文在整理杨凌近年网球发展成果的基础上，发现杨凌网球运动从2009年以前一个较为新兴、很少有人参与的体育项目，经过几年的发展，在场地设施、群众参与、高水平队伍建设、竞赛成绩等方面均取得了突飞猛进的发展。并且形成“以高水平队伍建设为核心，加快机构、场地设施建设，培养有影响力的核心爱好者、发挥名人效应调动网球爱好者的积极性，通过举办网球赛事、扩大对外交流提高训练者的水平和行业影响力”的理念体系，同时也形成“在高水平队的带动下网球爱好者大众参与，实现高校带动地方，教师带动学生，领导带动群众”的良好网球运动格局，这些不仅奠定了杨凌网球文化底蕴，同时也是杨凌网球更好、更快发展的动力保证。望杨凌网球的快速发展的积极探索能给其它地区体育项目的发展提供借鉴。

投壶活动是中国古代一项体育游戏,它成型于春秋时期,是春秋社会文化深刻变革的一大标志.在《礼记》等著名史籍中有专门篇章介绍春秋时期投壶活动的礼仪、规则、方法.投壶活动在器具、人员、形式步骤上都有严格的规定.

我校研究生体育教育的现状是:国家规定未被充分落实,研究生体育课程没有开设,研究生体育态度与自身参与存在较大的差异,研究生体育锻炼多以自我锻炼为主。因此,本文欲通过研究,探索我校研究生阳光体育开展的模式,形成有效的实现研究生体育教育的有效途径和办法。使我校的研究生能够以"健康第一"的指导思想,积极投入到体育锻炼中,充分提高心理、身体健康水平,调节情绪,消除疲劳,缓解压力。有良好的身心基础、强健的体魄,以充沛的精力和体力肩负起研究探索各项领域前沿科学知识的重任,实现"每天锻炼一小时,健康工作五十年,幸福生活一辈子"的终身体育目标。

In this paper,literature,observation,interviews,data analysis,etc were used.Copamred students＇ health test work in the past three years,explores the organization and management methods to carry out ＂Student Fitness Health Standard＂,after comparison,combination of focus on testing and teacher testing test mode is more suitable for our school status.

《学生体质健康标准》具有权威性、科学性和全面性特点,是学生体质健康的最高检验标准,在体育教学中,应全面贯彻这一健康标准的指导作用,改革完善体育课程,推动课外体育活动的开展,促进运动处方的不断完善,推进学生体质健康发展。

本文介绍了国外运动竞赛领域应用较为广泛,并得到实践验证的几种运动心理咨询模式。根据中国人传统重"内省"的认知思维特点,对认知-行为咨询模式的具体操作方法、步骤作了较为详细的介绍,为国内运动心理咨询工作提供借鉴意义。