目的:观察"三字经流派"小儿推拿联合复方甘草片治疗成人痰热郁肺证慢性咳嗽的临床疗效.方法:将60例符合纳入标准的慢性咳嗽患者随机分为对照组和试验组各30例,对照组给予复方甘草片口服,3片/次,3次/天;试验组在对照组的治疗基础上辨证施治,采用以掐揉小横纹为主的三字经流派小儿推拿法治疗,每天1次,两组均连续治疗7天.采用痰热郁肺证中医症状分级量化和临床有效率比较治疗效果.结果:治疗后,两组均可以降低慢性咳嗽的主要临床症状积分(P＜0.05),且试验组对咳嗽频率、痰的质地、咳痰困难度和排痰量等单项指标的效果优于对照组(P＜0.05);试验组总有效率86.7％高于对照组66.7％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:三字经流派小儿推拿联合复方甘草片对于成人慢性咳嗽的相关症状改善和临床有效率,比单纯使用复方甘草片的效果更优.

目的:研究补肾法、疏肝法提高控制性超排卵小鼠卵母细胞质量的作用机制.方法:将300只雌性昆明小鼠随机分为空白对照组,控制性超排卵组(COH组),疏肝低、高剂量组,补肾低、高剂量组,每组50只.按照1mL/100g体质量灌胃10d,空白对照组和COH组给予蒸馏水灌胃,疏肝低、高剂量组分别给予逍遥丸0.3g/mL、0.6g/mL灌胃,补肾低、高剂量组分别给予补肾调经方2.7g/mL、5.4g/mL灌胃.第11天时除空白对照组外其余小鼠腹腔注射PMSG 10IU,48h后腹腔注射HCG 10IU,16h后进行处死.检测各组排卵数及优质卵泡率;实时荧光定量PCR法检测各组小鼠卵母细胞骨形态发生蛋白-15 (BMP-15) mRNA表达;免疫组化和Western blot检测各组小鼠卵母细胞BMP-15蛋白表达.结果:各治疗组及COH组平均排卵数显著高于空白对照组(P＜0.05);各治疗组优质卵泡率显著高于COH组(P＜0.05);各治疗组卵母细胞BMP-15 mRNA及蛋白表达显著高于COH组(P＜0.05).结论:补肾法、疏肝法可提高控制性超排卵小鼠的排卵数和优质卵泡率,其作用机制与调控卵母细胞BMP-15的表达有关.

目的 研究疏肝法对小鼠卵母细胞中BMP-15、BMPRII、ALK6、Smad1/5/8表达的影响,进一步揭示疏肝法提高控制性超排卵小鼠卵母细胞质量的作用机制.方法 将200只雌性昆明小鼠随机分为四组:空白对照组、COH组、疏肝低剂量组和疏肝高剂量组,每组50只.按1ml/100g体重进行灌胃,空白对照组及COH组使用蒸馏水灌胃,疏肝低剂量组和高剂量组分别使用逍遥丸0.3g/ml、0.6g/ml灌胃,每日1次,连续10天,第11日疏肝低、高剂量组及COH组均腹腔注射孕马血清促性腺激素,48h后均腹腔注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素,16h后处死小鼠,获取MⅡ期卵母细胞,检测BMP-15、BMPRII、ALK6、Smad1/5/8蛋白及mRNA表达.结果 与空白对照组比较,COH组BMP-15、BMPRII、ALK6、Smad1/5/8蛋白及mRNA表达无统计学意义(P＞0.05);疏肝低、高剂量组BMP-15、ALK6、Smad1/5/8蛋白及mRNA表达增强(P＜0.05);疏肝高剂量组BMPRII蛋白及mRNA表达增强(P＜0.05).结论 疏肝法可上调小鼠卵母细胞中BMP-15的表达,诱导其与Ⅱ型受体BMPRⅡ结合,进一步活化ALK6,从而启动信号传导,发挥影响小鼠卵母细胞质量的作用.

目的:探讨推拿治疗生殖系统疾病的效应及机制.方法:收集以推拿手法治疗生殖系统疾病的相关文献,深入研究手法作用方向及作用机制,并对推拿治疗生殖系统疾病做一研究与展望.结果:推拿手法适用于不孕症、慢性盆腔炎、子宫肌瘤、早泄等疾病的治疗,临床多在腹部及脊柱部位操作.结论:推拿手法治疗生殖系统疾患疗效明确,其机制主要与调节生殖激素分泌、神经传导及脊柱结构有关.

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of neurotrophin 4 (NT4) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats.Methods:A total of 36 healthy male SD rats were divided into control group (intratracheal injection of saline) and model group (intratracheal instillation of bleomycin),with 18 rats in each group.After treatment,6 rats from each group were killed on day 3 day 7 and day 14 respectively,remove the lung tissue,determine the model with Masson and HE staining,followed by PCR and immunohistochemical determination of NT4 and TrkB expression in the control group and model group.The results were statistically analyzed.Results:Compared with the control group,the rats in the model group in 3,7 and 14 days,NT4 and TrkB contents were increased,and increased with the severity of pulmonary fibrosis (P ＜ 0.05),associated content between NT4 and TrkB at the same time (r =0.568,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:In rats with pulmonary fibrosis,the expression of NT4 and TrkB in lung tissue increased significantly,suggesting that NT4 and TrkB may be involved in the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis.This change may be related to pulmonary epithelial cell proliferation and TrkB/NT4 axis signal transmission.

小儿推拿作为中医外治方法之一,要求学生明确掌握穴位定位和手法操作技巧,并运用于小儿常见疾病的临床治疗,操作性很强.因此,传统的课堂讲授在穴位描画和手法动画演示方面凸显不足,笔者采取多模态PPT演示教学模式,整合文字、图片、表格、声音、视频、动画等模态于PPT文稿中,已经成为目前学校小儿推拿重要的辅助教学手段.文章从多模态PPT的构成要素及应用评价两个方面对其在小儿推拿教学中的应用做简要探讨.

Objective To investigate the effects of bushen and shugan treatment on the protein and mRNA expression of HOXA10 in mouse womb. Methods 90 female mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: high and low dose bushen group; high and low dose shugan group;super stimulate ovulation control group (COH) and blank control group, with 15 mice in each group. The daily injection of saline was performed in each group for 8 d. All the mice in each group injected with PMSG in the 9th day and injected HCG after 48 h except the mice in control group. The female mice in each group was mated with the male mice, followed by observation of the pregnancy on the second morningand further drug treatment, high and low dose bushen group were given with 5.4 g/ml or 2.7 g/ml oral liquid filling kidney menstrual function party; high and low dose shugan group were given with 0.6 g/ml or 0.3 g/ml liver xiaoyao pill for suspension liquid, and the COH and the blank control group were injected with saline for 4 d. After sacrifice of the mice, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR method was used to analyze HOXA10 expression in mouse uterus, and female progestational hormone expression level was compared.Results Expression of serum E2 and P in each treatment group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group and the COH group (P < 0.05), and the high dose group was superior to the low-dose group (P < 0.05). Comparison between the high dose groups had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The HOXA10 gene expression in COH group was reduced as compared with blank control group (P < 0.05), whereas the expression of HOXA10 in the high-dose bushen group and the high-dose shugan group were increased compared with the COH group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was seen between the high-dose bushen group and the high-dose shugan group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Bushen tiaojing recipe and xiaoyao pill can raise the ultra female serum progesterone level of mice, increase HOXA10 expression in uterus and improve the endometrial receptivity, thus promoting embryo implantation.

Objective To investigate the influence of bushen treatment and shugan treatment on Wnt pathway of endometrial cells in mice stimulated to ovulate. Methods 90 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: high and low dose of bushen group; high and low dose of shugan group;Super ovulation stimulated control group (COH) and blank control group, with each group having 15 mice. Mice in each group were given saline daily by intraperitoneal injection for 8 continuous days. On the 9th day, each group, except for the blank control group, was injected with PMSG, and 48 h later, the mice were given HCG. All the mice were mated with male mice according to 1:1 ratio, and were filled the stomach after examining female vaginal in the next morning. Bushen high and low dose group were given oral liquid filling kidney menstrual function party of 5.4 and 2.7 g/ml, respectively, while shugan high and low dose group were given xiaoyao pill for suspension liquid of 0.6 and 0.3 g/ml, respectively. COH group and the blank control group were given saline for 4 days. The expression of Wnt7a and beta-catenin mRNA in all the mice were measured by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the blank control group, the expression of Wnt7a and β-catenin in the COH group were decreased (P <0.05). Compared with the COH group, the expression of Wnt7a and β-catenin in the bushen high dose group and the shugan high dose group were increased (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between these two high dose groups (P >0.05). Conclusion Bushen tiaojing recipe and xiaoyao pill can improve the endometrium tolerance of mice and promote embryo implantation. The mechanism is correlated to the increase in expression level of Wnt7a and β-catenin and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway.

目的 探讨特发性肺纤维化(IPF)大鼠机体氧化损伤的特点和益气养阴祛瘀方药的作用机理.方法135只Wistar大鼠分为对照组、模型组、低剂量组、高剂量组和强的松组,每组27只.大鼠IPF造模后第2天开始给药,每日1次,并于给药7、14和28 d观察各组大鼠血清和肺组织的丙二醛(MDA)含量与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力变化以及肺组织病理学形态变化.结果模型组的血清和肺组织MDA含量普遍高于对照组(P<0.05),SOD活性低于对照组(P<0.05);高、低剂量组和强的松组的血清和肺组织MDA含量普遍低于模型组,SOD活性普遍强于模型组(P<0.05);高、低剂量组的肺组织SOD活性强于强的松组(P<0.05).高、低剂量组及强的松组肺泡间隔增宽,炎性细胞浸润程度低于模型组,成纤维细胞少量增殖,其中,高剂量组大鼠炎性细胞浸润及肺纤维化程度最轻.结论益气养阴祛瘀方药可清除IPF大鼠体内MDA,增强SOD活性,有效减轻组织氧化损伤及肺纤维化程度.

目的 观察逍遥丸对小鼠卵母细胞BMP-6表达及妊娠结局的影响.方法 将160只雌性小鼠随机分为4组:疏肝高、低剂量组;COH组和空白对照组,每组40只;健康雄性小鼠80只,每组20只.应用免疫组化和real-time PCR方法分别测定卵母细胞中骨形态发生蛋白-6(bone morphogenetic protein-6,BMP-6)蛋白和mRNA的表达,并比较各组获卵数、优质卵泡率、妊娠率及子宫胚胎数.结果 疏肝高低剂量组及空白对照组妊娠率均高于COH组(P＜0.05);疏肝高低剂量组卵母细胞BMP-6蛋白及mRNA表达均高于空白对照组和COH组(P＜0.05),其中疏肝高剂量组表达高于疏肝低剂量组(P＜0.05).结论 逍遥丸可在促性腺激素应用的基础上增加小鼠妊娠率,其作用机制可能与调控卵母细胞BMP-6的表达,提高卵母细胞质量相关.

目的:观察逍遥丸对小鼠卵母细胞BMP-6、BMPR Ⅱ、ALK-2、ALK-6、Smad1、Smad5、Smad8和Smad4表达的影响.方法:将200只雌性小鼠按随机数字表法分为疏肝高、低剂量组、COH组和空白对照组4组各50只.应用免疫组化和real-time PCR方法分别测定卵母细胞中BMP-6、BMPR Ⅱ、ALK-2、ALK-6、Smad1、Smad5、Smad8和Smad4蛋白和mRNA的表达.结果:与空白对照组比较,COH组BMP-6、BMPR Ⅱ、ALK-2、ALK-6、Smad1、Smad5、Smad8和Smad4蛋白和mRNA表达差异无统计学意义,各治疗组BMP-6、ALK-2、ALK-6、Smad1、Smad5、Smad8和Smad4蛋白和mRNA表达增加,疏肝高剂量组优于低剂量组;疏肝高剂量组BMPRⅡ蛋白和mRNA表达增加.结论:逍遥丸可使BMP-6表达上调,激活其Ⅱ型受体BMPRⅡ形成受体复合物,然后募集Ⅰ型受体ALK-2和ALK-6使其活化,活化的Ⅰ型受体进一步磷酸化细胞内信号Smad1/5/8,然后与Smad4结合,从而启动信号传导干预卵泡发育和卵母细胞的质量.

Objective To observe the effect of the Buqi huoxue decoction on expressions of bcl-2 and bax in chronic bronchitis( CB)rats with deficiency of lung-qi. Methods Ten rats were randomly selected from 50 SD rats as control group,and models of the deficiency of lung-qi of chronic bronchitis were established using the improved smoking-fumigated method in the other 40 rats. The successful model rats were randomly divided into model group,high-dose group of Buqi huoxue decoction,low-dose group of Buqi huoxue decoction and tonifying lung recipe group( n =10 for each group). Expressions of apoptosis-related gene bcl-2 and bax were detected using immunohistochemistry method. Re-sults Compared with those in control group,the bcl-2 expression in the model group was significantly increased,while the bax expression was significantly decreased(P<0. 01);compared with those in model group,the bcl-2 expressions were significantly reduced,while the bax expressions were significantly increased in high-dose,low-dose and tonifying lung recipe groups(P<0. 01);the bcl-2 expression in high dose group was significantly decreased,while the bax ex-pression in high dose group was significantly increased than those in low dose and tonifying lung recipe groups( P <0. 01);the bcl-2 expression was significantly lower,while the bax expression was significantly higher in low-dose group than that in tonifying lung recipe group(P<0. 05). Conclusion The Buqi huoxue decoction can inhibit the expression of apoptosis-related gene bcl-2,increase the expression of bax in inflammatory cells and promote inflammatory cell apop-tosis,which can be used as an effective method of prevention and treatment of chronic bronchitis.

[ABSTRACT]Objective:To investigate the effects of Bushen treatment and Shugan treatment on the protein and mRNA expression of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) in mouse oocytes. Methods:A total of 300 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:Bushen high-dose group, Bushen low-dose group, Shugan high-dose group, Shugan low-dose group, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) group and blank control group (50 mice in each group), the expression of GDF-9 in mouse oocytes was detected by Western blotting and Real-time PCR, the number of oocytes obtained and the high-quality follicle rate were compared among groups. Results:Compared with the blank control and COH group, the protein and mRNA expression of GDF-9 in treatment groups were increased, and were higher in the high-dose groups than in low-dose groups (P<0.05);compared with the blank control, the protein content and mRNA expression of GDF-9 in the COH group were discreased (P<0.05);the number of oocyte in the treatment groups and COH group was higher than that in the blank control (P<0.05), the oocyte numbers in high-dose groups was higher than that in low-dose groups (P<0.05);the high-quality follicle rate of the treatment groups and the blank control was higher than that in the COH group (P<0.05), which were higher in the high-dose groups than in the control (P<0.05). Conclusion:Bushen Tiaojing Recipe and Xiaoyao Pill can increase the number of oocytes and the high-quality follicle rate, its mechanism might be possibly through regulating the protein and mRNA expression of GDF-9 in mouse oocytes.

Objective To explore the effect of Buqi huoxue decoction on apoptosis of chronic bronchitis rats with deficiency of lung-qi. Methods Ten rats were randomly selected from 50 SD rats as control group,and models of the deficiency of lung-qi of chronic bronchitis( CB) were established using the improved smoking-fumigated method in the other40 rats. The successful model rats were randomly divided into model group,high-dose group of Buqi huoxue decoction,low-dose group of Buqi huoxue decoction and tonifying lung recipe group( n = 10 for each group) by random digits table.The control and model groups underwent normal saline irrigation,while the other three groups were treated with high and low doses of Buqi huoxue decoction and tonifying lung recipe. Apoptosis conditions were observed with TUNEL kit and flow cytometry. Results The percentage of inflammatory cells apoptosis in model group was significantly lower compared with that in control group( P 0. 05),and the percentage of lung parenchyma cell apoptosis was significantly higher compared with that in control group( P 0. 05); the percentages of inflammatory cells apoptosis in high-dose,low-dose and tonifying lung recipe groups were significantly higher compared with that in model group,and the percentage in high-dose group was significantly higher compared with those in low dose and tonifying lung recipe groups( P 0. 01); the percentages of lung parenchyma cell apoptosis in high-dose,low-dose and tonifying lung recipe groups were significantly lower compared with that in model group,and the percentages in high-dose and low-dose groups were significantly lower compared with that in tonifying lung recipe group( P 0. 01,P 0. 05). Conclusion The Buqi huoxue decoction can improve deficiency of lung qi of pulmonary tissue morphology in chronic bronchitis rats. The mechanisms of controlling inflammation and strengthening the lung tissue self-repair may be related to the apoptosis induction of inflammatory cells in lung tissue and inhibition of lung parenchyma cell apoptosis.

李果字明之,晚年自号东垣老人,金元著名医学家,河北正定人.代表性著作有<脾胃论>、<内外伤辨惑论>、<兰室秘藏>等.世人究其脾胃学说者众,疏于其他学术之弘扬.今考辩<内外伤辨惑论>关于脉诊与内外伤"辨惑"中的意义,探讨其学术思想之一班.

目的 探讨补气活血方药治疗衰老性急性肺损伤(ALI)的作用机制.方法 采用腹腔注射D-半乳糖复制衰老大鼠模型,随机分为衰老组、脂多糖(LPS)组、中药高剂量组、中药低剂量组、氨基胍(AG)组,并设不加处理的正常对照组.以高、低剂量补气活血方药和AG进行干预后,尾静脉注射LPS致大鼠ALI.测定血清及肺组织中白细胞介素(IL)-1β含量.结果 衰老组与正常对照组、LPS组与衰老组比较,血清及肺组织中IL-1β的含量均有显著性差异(P＜0.01).经用药干预,治疗各组血清及肺组织中IL-1β的含量与LPS组相比均有明显降低(P＜0.01),高剂量组血清及肺组织中IL-1β含量均低于低剂量组与AG组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);低剂量组与AG组相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 补气活血方药通过抑制促炎细胞因子IL-1β水平,调节机体促炎-抗炎平衡,从而对衰老性ALI产生良好的治疗作用.

<正>治病求本,这是中医的一个重要治疗原则。所谓"本"者,根本也,指疾病的根本,它是疾病过程中的关键因素。"本"又是与"标"相对而言的。譬如:就疾病的表现与疾病的原因而论,疾病的表现是标,病因是本;就致病的邪气和患者的正气而

Objective To investigate the effect of Jinxiaofang on proliferation and apoptosis in mice with Lewis lung cancer.Methods The Lewis lung cancer models were made in 50 mice and were randomly divided into five groups: normal group, control group, high-dose Jinxiaofang group,low-dose Jinxiaofang group and treatment group.The normal group were given saline by intraperitoneal injection,the control group were given cisplatin 1 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection,the high-dose Jinxiaofang group and low-dose Jinxiaofang group were given Jinxiaofang 25 g/kg and 12.5 g/kg by gavage respectively,the treatment group were given Jinxiaofang 25 g/kg and cisplatin 1 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection every other day.After 15-day's treatment.The inhibitory tumor rate,proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index and apoptotic rate were detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.Results The inhibitory tumor rate and apoptotic rate in treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group, high-dose Jinxiaofang group and low-dose Jinxiaofang group (P 0.05 ),however, PCNA index in treatment group was significantly lower(P0.05).Compared with control group,the inhibitory tumor rate,apopototic rate and PCNA index in high-dose Jinxiaofang group and low-dose Jinxiaofang group were lower (P0.05).Conclusion Jinxiaofang can significantly induce cell apoptosis,inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, which may be one of the antineoplastic mechanisms.Jinxiaofang combined with chemotherapeutic drugs may increase therapeutic effect.

<中医诊断学>作为中医学的主干课程,在教学活动中具有承上启下的作用.抓好课堂教学这一环节,对于学生领悟中医基本理论,掌握娴熟的临床诊断技能,有着非常重要的意义.现结合笔者多年来的教学工作实践,浅谈体会如下.