Muscle spasticity after spinal cord injury (SCI) severely impacts quality of life, with limited effective treatments. Gualou Guizhi Antispasmodic Granules (GLGZ), a hospital-developed traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, can relieve spasms. This study aimed to assess GLGZ's efficacy in SCI-induced spasticity and its association with PANoptosis (a novel programmed cell death involving apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis). Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-200 g were used. SCI was induced via the Allen weight-drop method. The successful model rats were randomly assigned to a model group or one of the GLGZ dose groups: high, medium, or low. Sham rats underwent laminectomy without spinal cord injury. Interventions lasted 4 weeks. After the intervention, limb motor function was evaluated using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale. Femoral muscle stiffness was assessed via ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE), while spinal cord integrity was determined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Nissl, and Luxol fast blue staining were performed to observe histopathological alterations. Multiplex immunofluorescence staining was used to label apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC, green), Caspase-8 (orange), and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3, yellow) to assess PANoptosis. GLGZ improved BBB scores dose-dependently: sham (21.00 ± 0.00), model (5.8 ± 1.1), high-dose (10.6 ± 1.3), medium-dose (8.5 ± 1.2), low-dose (7.1 ± 1.0). SWE showed reduced muscle stiffness: model (6.68 ± 0.74 m/s), high-dose (2.19 ± 0.36 m/s, P < 0.001), medium-dose (3.04 ± 0.45 m/s, P = 0.002), low-dose (4.08 ± 0.65 m/s, P = 0.031) vs model. As compared with the model group (3.65 ± 1.03 mm²), GLGZ dose-dependently reduced the spinal cord lesion size in all dosage groups (all P < 0.05), (1.33 ± 0.79 mm² in high-dose, 1.94 ± 0.67 mm² in medium-dose, 2.50 ± 0.79 mm² in low-dose group. Histology revealed GLGZ preserved neurons and promoted myelin repair. GLGZ dose-dependently reduced ASC, Caspase-8, and RIPK3 expression.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the value of multimodal ultrasound imaging in assessing ischemic heart failure, and to analyze the relationship between ultrasound parameters and histopathology. METHODS:Thirty male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into a control (n = 10) and a model group (n = 20). The rat model of ischemic heart failure (IHF) was established by the ligation of left anterior descending artery for 4 weeks. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular cardiac output (LVCO) were determined with routine echocardiography. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) were determined with Speckle Tracking. Myocardial oxygen saturation (sO2) was measured with photoacoustic (PA) imaging. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, transmission electron microscopy, and Masson staining were performed to determine mitochondrial damage and myocardial fibrosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTNT) and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP). Pearson correlation analysis was employed to analyze the correlation among LVEF, LVCO, GLS, GCS, sO2, mitochondrial impairment, fibrosis, cTNT and NT-pro BNP. RESULTS:Echocardiography revealed significant systolic function changes in the model group as compared to the control group, characterized by decreased LVEF and CO. The serum levels of cTn-T and NT-proBNP were increased, suggesting myocardial injury and functional impairment. GLS and GCS in the model group was reduced as compared to the control group. Concurrently, a marked reduction in sO2 was observed in the anterior wall of the model rats, whereas that in the posterior wall showed no significant change. Histopathologic examinations unveiled pronounced cellular and subcellular damage, such as disorganization of myocardial fibers and mitochondrial impairment, with the model group presenting a higher Flameng score. Masson's trichrome staining revealed increased myocardial fibrosis. Correlation analyses pinpointed significant associations between echocardiographic parameters, degree of mitochondrial damage, fibrosis, and the levels of cTn-T and NT-proBNP in the model group. This indicated the interrelated nature of structural changes and functional impairment in IHF. Notably, GLS showed the strongest correlations with indicators of myocardial injury. However, anterior wall sO2 did not demonstrate a significant correlation with either histopathologic damage or serum biomarker levels. CONCLUSIONS:Myocardial GLS is a sensitive indicator of pathological myocardial remodeling in heart failure. The multimodal ultrasound can be applied to assess pathologic remodeling in IHF rats.

BACKGROUND: Jianxin (JX) granules is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in the treatment of heart failure (HF), but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of JX granules in the treatment of HF based on network pharmacology analysis and in-vivo experiments. METHODS: A series of network pharmacology methods was employed to ascertain potential targets and critical pathways implicated in the therapeutic action of JX granules against HF. Subsequently, molecular docking was utilized to investigate the binding affinity of key active constituents within JX granules to these targets. In-vivo experiments, echocardiography, hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome assay, and western blot analysis were conducted to validate the efficacy and mechanism of JX granules in treating rats with HF. RESULTS: A total of 122 active components, 896 drug targets, 1216 HF-related targets, and 136 targets pertinent to drug-disease interactions were identified. 151 key targets and 725 core clusters were detected through protein-protein interaction network analysis. Among these, interleukin 6 (IL -6), vascular endothelial growth factor a (VEGFA), and serine/ threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) were core hub genes. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed the critical pathways, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGE) pathway, along with hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway. Molecular docking studies demonstrated high binding affinities between key targets and the pivotal active ingredients of Danshenol A, salvianolic acid B, and arachidonic acid. Furthermore, animal studies corroborated that JX granules improve cardiac function and reduce myocardial fibrosis, potentially by modulating the expression of IL -6, VEGFA, and p-AKT1. CONCLUSIONS: The bioactive components within JX granules, such as Danshenol A, salvianolic acid B, and arachidonic acid may exert therapeutic effects on HF through modulation of IL -6, VEGFA, and AKT1 gene expression. This study provides a scientific basis for subsequent clinical application of JX granules and an in-depth investigation of their mechanisms of action.

Purpose:This study aimed to develop a model to predict the risk of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in breast cancer patients, using gray-scale ultrasound and clinical pathological features. Methods:A retrospective analysis of 212 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria from January 2011 to December 2021 was carried out. Clinical and pathological characteristics, including age, tumor size, pathological type, molecular subtype, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67), were examined. Preoperative ultrasound examinations were performed, and ultrasound radiomics features of breast cancer lesions were extracted using Pyradiomics software. The data was divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. A predictive model for axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) was established by combining clinical and ultrasound features. The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and five-fold cross-validation. Results:The rate of lymph node metastasis was 41.51%. Using LASSO algorithm, 17 features linked to ALN metastasis were extracted from a comprehensive databank of 8 clinical features and 1314 ultrasound radiomic attributes. Of these, four were clinical-pathological features (tumor size, tumor type, age, and expression levels of the Ki-67 protein), and 13 were radiomic features. And the following features exhibited both high weights and correlation coefficients: tumor size (R=0.29, weight=0.071), tumor type (R=-0.24, weight=-0.048), wavelet-LH_glcm_Imc1 (R=0.28, weight=0.029363), wavelet-LH_glszm_SZNUN (R=-0.20, weight=-0.028507), and squareroot_ firstorder_ Minimum (R= -0.25, weight= -0.059). The ROC area under the curve for the model in the training and testing sets was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.830-0.935) and 0.853 (95% CI: 0.762-0.945), respectively. The predictive model demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.5% on the training set and 79.2% on the test set, with corresponding specificities of 75.0% and 77.5%, accuracy of 80.4% and 78.1%, respectively. When evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, the model achieved an average test set area under the curve (AUC) of 0.799 and a training set AUC of 0.852. Conclusion:The clinical-radiomic model has the potential to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.

目的:建立高效液相色谱测定健心颗粒中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1含量的方法.方法:色谱柱为SinoeChrom ODS-BP(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),检测波长203 nm,流速:1 mL/min,柱温25℃,流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱.结果:人参皂苷Rg1回归方程:y=92.687x+7.0482(r=0.9990),线性范围为0.09143～2.744 mg/mL;人参皂苷Rb1回归方程:y=14.55x+0.1452(r=0.9994),线性范围为26.19～209.6μg/mL,健心颗粒中人参皂苷Rb1含量为1.715 mg/mL,人参皂苷Rg1含量为22.88mg/mL.结论:该法精密度高、准确性良好,方法简便快捷,可用于评价健心颗粒中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1的含量.

OBJECTIVE Optimization of Water Extraction Process of Fufangbajitian Jiangu Granules.METHODS With the comprehensive score of baicalin and dry extract rate as the evaluation index, the water estraction process of Compound BaJiTian JianGu Granules was optimi 2 ed by orthogonal test, and the reliability of the optimal process was verftied.RESULTS The best preparation process was as follow: The medicinal materials were soaked for 60 min, extracted 3 times with 10 times of extraction solvent, 60 min each time.CONCLUSIONS The optimized centrifugal process of water extraction is reasonable, stable and reliable.

目的:对应用补肾活血中药组方,进行动物实验,观察种植体与牙槽骨骨性结合界面的组织切片及颌骨骨密度检测.方法:选取28只新西兰家兔,随机分实验组与对照组,造模后实验组服用补肾活血中药制剂,分批取下标本,进行组织学比对,术后及后三批动物进行骨密度结果统计学对比研究.结果:表明实验组中药促进了种植体界面的骨钙的沉积,提高骨矿化沉积率,种植体骨整合的效果优于对照组;骨密度检测结果实验组与术后组差异显著有统计学意义,P＜0.05.结论:补肾活血法由甘枸杞、熟地、制黄芪、山萸肉、丹参、巴戟天、益母草、杜仲组方,质优价廉且取材方便;动物实验研究证明,能提高颌骨骨密度,促进种植体的骨整合.

目的 探讨复方巴戟天健骨颗粒对激素性股骨头坏死(SNFH)大鼠的治疗作用机理.方法 将66只雄性Wistar大鼠分为正常组12只和造模组54只,造模组每周1次肌肉注射甲基强的松龙琥珀酸钠(MPS)21 mg/kg,连续8周制备早期SNFH模型.经X线检查双髋正位,造模组股骨头骨质疏松、骨小梁中断,证实造模成功,将其中48只大鼠随机分为模型组、颗粒组、联合组、骨生组各12只,正常组和模型组以生理盐水10 mL/(kg·d)灌胃,颗粒组以复方巴戟天健骨颗粒混悬液2.5 g/(kg·d)灌胃,联合组以普伐他汀钠1 mg/(kg·d)加复方巴戟天健骨颗粒混悬液2.5 g/(kg·d)灌胃,骨生组以健骨生丸混悬液1.4 g/(kg·d)灌胃.治疗6周后各组大鼠麻醉后腹主动脉采血处死,取双侧股骨头组织,检测各组血浆黏度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数及甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC),并将股骨头组织切片、HE染色,光学显微镜下观察骨组织形态.结果 与模型组比较,各治疗组血液流变学指标明显降低(P<0.05),治疗组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);与模型组比较,各治疗组TG和TC水平明显降低(P<0.05);与骨生组比较,联合组TC水平明显降低(P<0.05);与正常组比较,造模组空骨陷窝率明显升高(P<0.01);与骨生组比校,联合组空骨陷窝率下降更为明显(P<0.05).结论 复方巴戟天健骨颗粒可明显降低SNFH大鼠异常的血液流变学指标和TG、TC水平,改善骨组织形态,联合普伐他汀使用效果更为显著.

目的 建立复方巴戟天健骨颗粒的质量标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对方中的巴戟天、丹参、补骨脂、淫羊藿药材进行鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定淫羊藿苷、丹酚酸B、川续断皂苷Ⅵ、人参皂苷Rg1、补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量;色谱柱为Acclaim C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-0.2％ 磷酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速:0.8 mL·min-1;柱温:30℃;检测波长:210 nm;进样量:10μL.结果 巴戟天、丹参、补骨脂、淫羊藿薄层色谱斑点清晰、分离度好、专属性强.可以同时测定复方巴戟天健骨颗粒中6种活性成分的含量.结论 所建立的质量标准简便可行、重复性好,可用于复方巴戟天健骨颗粒的质量控制.

目的 探讨转化丸对脾肾阳虚型尿毒症腹膜透析(PD)患者生存质量及中医症状积分的影响.方法 选取2019年7月—2021年6月在福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院肾内科就诊的门诊及住院尿毒症PD患者60例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组各30例,分别给予转化丸和安慰剂治疗3个月,比较2组治疗前后KDQOL-SFTM1.3量表得分及中医症状积分.结果 KDQOL-SFTM1.3量表得分方面,治疗后2组KDTA的DSE、PS得分和治疗组KDTA的SPL及SF-36的PF、pain、Energ得分均高于治疗前(P均<0.05);治疗后治疗组KDTA的SPL及SF-36的PF、pain、Energ得分均高于对照组(P均<0.05).中医症状积分方面,治疗组的总积分和除食少纳呆、脘腹胀满之外的症状积分均低于治疗前(P均<0.05),对照组的总积分及倦怠乏力的症状积分均低于治疗前(P均<0.05);治疗后治疗组总积分及畏寒肢冷、倦怠乏力、腰部冷痛、大便不实、口淡不渴的症状积分均低于对照组(P均<0.05).结论 转化丸能明显改善脾肾阳虚型尿毒症PD患者的临床症状,提高患者部分领域的生存质量,但对于整体生存质量的影响有限.脾肾阳虚型尿毒症PD患者的生存质量的全面提高,可能有赖于医疗机构、家庭、社会及政府共同努力协作,方能有效实现.

目的 建立测定芪灵扶正清解颗粒中黄芪甲苷含量的方法 .方法采用Nova-pak C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,4μm),乙腈-水(35:65)为流动相.结果 黄芪甲苷在20.08μg·mL-1~1004.00μg·mL-1范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率为100.8%,RSD为0.78%.结论 该法操作简便,结果准确,重复性好.

热毒平颗粒是由生石膏、金银花、玄参、生地黄、连翘、栀子等12味中药组成的复方制剂,具有清热解毒、凉血利咽的功效,治疗流感、上呼吸道感染及各种发热疾病.热毒平颗粒来源于《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准》中药成方制剂第20册(WS3-B-3965-98)[1],原制备工艺是:12味药材,加水煎煮2次,第1次2h,第2次1h,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.28～1.32 (50～60℃)清膏.将清膏低温真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,加入辅料混匀,干压制粒,分装,即得.提取工艺方面,先前制备方法中未规定药材煎煮时的加水量.我们在原有工艺基础上着重对水提取药材的加水量进行考察,在成型工艺方面,原制法采用于压制粒,工序复杂,成本较高[2-4],我们将其改进为常用且易操作的湿法制颗粒,并对辅料、颗粒流动性、吸湿率等影响成品质量的关键步骤进行考察,确定了工艺参数.

目的 建立心肾综合征(CRS)阳虚水泛证、CRS气虚血瘀证及健康对照的血清蛋白质组表达图谱,初步鉴定其差异表达的蛋白质.方法 选择CRS患者35例,其中阳虚水泛证组20例;气虚血瘀证组15例.另选健康者12例作为对照.各组血清去除白蛋白,测定血清蛋白浓度.以双向凝胶电泳分离各组血清蛋白质,考马斯亮蓝染色,扫描凝胶成像后,用PDQuest软件对各组血清蛋白质组表达图谱进行差异分析,选定差异点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(Matrix-assisteD Laser DesorptioN/ioNizatioN-Time of Flight-Mass SpeCtrometry,MALDI-TOF-MS)分析,MasCot软件搜索MSDB和SWISS-PROT数据库鉴定蛋白质.结果 初步建立CRS阳虚水泛证、CRS气虚血瘀证及健康对照组3组血清蛋白质表达图谱,分别获得蛋白质点95、87 和79 个;13 个蛋白质点在3 组血清中呈现差异表达;初步鉴定其中的11 个蛋白质分别为:生长分化因子15 前体、N 末端B 型钠尿肽、高敏C 反应蛋白、半乳凝素3、肾损伤分子-1、白细胞介素-18、促肾上腺髓质素、髓过氧化物酶、胱抑素C、脂联素、骨保护素.结论 得到鉴定的11 个蛋白质可能与心肾综合征阳虚水泛证、CRS 气虚血瘀证发生发展密切相关,但其具体机制有待进一步研 究.

目的 应用蛋白组学方法,从方证对应的角度寻找心肾综合征(CRS)阳虚水泛证的证效关系蛋白质,并探讨心肾综合征阳虚水泛证的本质内涵.方法 收集健康对照组、CRS阳虚水泛证患者治疗前及真武汤对证治疗后血清,用表面增强激光解析离子化飞行时间质谱(SELDI-TOF-MS)获得各组血清蛋白质指纹图谱.比较真武汤治疗前后CRS阳虚水泛证患者血清蛋白质指纹图谱变化,分析与温阳利水方真武汤疗效相关的CRS阳虚水泛证蛋白质指纹图谱.结果 CRS阳虚水泛证患者真武汤治疗后临床症候评估、体力状况、心功能均明显改善.CRS阳虚水泛证患者与健康对照组共找出57个蛋白峰,其中37个峰差异有统计学意义,其中32个蛋白峰在CRS阳虚水泛证组呈高表达,5个蛋白峰呈低表达.CRS阳虚水泛证真武汤治疗后,有27个蛋白峰的相对强度下降,11个蛋白峰值表达相对增强.M/Z分别为1903.01、2033.14、2316.20、2594.36、3089.16、3307.51、3641.74、2268.14、2715.08、3148.72的蛋白可能为CRS阳虚水泛证的特异蛋白.结论 M/Z分别为1903.01、2033.14、2316.20、2594.36、3089.16、3307.51、3641.74、2268.14、2715.08、3148.72的蛋白可能为CRS阳虚水泛证的血清蛋白标志物,通过调节上述蛋白峰,可能是真武汤治疗CRS阳虚水泛证的分子基础.

目的:优选复方五黄骨伤软膏的制备工艺.方法:考察软膏基质的类型、种类、加入顺序,在此基础上采用离心试验和高温试验,通过L9(34)正交设计,以软膏剂离心试验和高温试验油层与水层高度比的综合评分OD值为指标,考察制备软膏的乳化时间、乳化温度和搅拌速度3个因素,对乳化工艺进行优化;并通过验证试验确定最优制备工艺.结果:复方五黄骨伤软膏最佳制备工艺为:处方药材粉碎成细粉备用,取硬脂酸、蓖麻油、液状石蜡置适当容器中,加热至70～80℃,加入上述药材细粉,趁热搅拌,作为油相;另取三乙醇胺、甘油、纯化水置另一容器中,加热至70～80℃,作为水相.油相、水相趁热混合,以转速2 000 r·min-1搅拌0.5h,使完全乳化,放冷至室温,即得.结论:该制备工艺简便、可行,成品性状符合规定,稳定性良好,适用于我院复方五黄骨伤软膏的生产.

目的：考察不同菌肥处理对重茬太子参产量和品质的影响，为优化太子参规范化栽培技术提供参考。方法分别对其外观性状评定和太子参总多糖含量测定，综合比较不同菌肥处理太子参对消减连作障碍的作用。结果重茬太子参外观与头茬相似，属于短粗类型，菌肥处理后太子参外观较细长；太子参多糖含量：头茬＞菌肥1＞菌肥2＞重茬；太子参产量：头茬＞菌肥2号＞菌肥1号＞重茬。结论菌肥处理可提高重茬太子参产量和品质。

目的:建立鱼腥草注射液顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用分离鉴定及含量测定新方法,通过顶空固相微萃取与传统水蒸气蒸馏、固相萃取等提取工艺比较,为改进鱼腥草注射液制备工艺奠定基础.方法:以色谱峰总面积为指标,对萃取头种类等5项顶空固相微萃取关键提取条件进行优化,分别采用顶空固相微萃取、水蒸气蒸馏、固相萃取等3种方法提取鱼腥草注射液中的挥发性成分,通过分离出色谱峰个数、鉴定出化合物数量、精密度等指标比较提取效果.结果:顶空固相微萃取对鱼腥草注射液中挥发性成分的提取效果最佳.结论:顶空固相微萃取具有操作简便、快捷、不污染环境、精密度高等优点,可用于鱼腥草注射液中挥发性成分提取、分析.

Objective To perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the volatile components in different parts(root,stem,leaf and flower)of Herba Houttuyniae sourced from Xiaohu Jianyang.To provides research ideas and methods for choosing appropriate medicinal parts and improving the preparation process and quality level. Methods The different parts of Herba Houttuyniae sourced from Xiaohu Jianyang were collected.The volatile component were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS,and the relative percentage content of each component was calculate with peak area normalization method.Results The volatile components in Herba Houttuyniae had remarkable differences because of the different parts. As the effective components in Herba Houttuyniae, it was indicated that the content of both acetaldehyde and methyl-n-nonyl-ketone were the highest in fruits and relatively lower in other parts of Herba Houttuyniae.ConclusionStandardized medicinal part and collecting seasons of traditional Chinese medicine was important because of the volatile constituents difference from different parts of Herba Houttuyniae.It was necessary to inspect and check in Preparation of Chinese medicine.The clinical curative effect and medication security must be guaranteed.

OBJECTIVE To optimize extraction process of Fufang Bajitian Shenggu Particles by central composite design and response surface method. METHODS The preparation of Fufang Bajitian Shenggu Particles was designed according to the test. With the overall desirability (OD) of Icariin content and the dry extract yield in medicinal materials extract concentrate as examining indexes, immersion time, material liquid ratio, extraction time and stress concentration temperature were investigated. Based on the single factor tests, material liquid ratio, extraction time and stress concentration temperature which impacted response values significantly were investigated by three factors and five levels of central composite design. RESULTS Optimum extraction technology of Fufang Bajitian Shenggu Particles were as follows: material liquid ratio was 1:11.33, extraction time was 39 min, and stress concentration temperature was 66 °C. Bias of the lcariin content and the dry extract yield between observed and predicted values were 1.60% and 1.55% ,respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using central composite design and response surface method to optimize extraction of Fufang Bajitian Shenggu particles has a good prediction.