目的 为医院船研究设计适应多样化军事任务的医疗信息系统升级技术方案.方法 运用综合论证、网络虚拟化、网络多媒体以及软件工程、射频识别与条码、系统集成融合等技术方法研究设计了医疗信息平台和应用软件系统.结果 全新升级的医院船医疗信息平台系统包括局域网络、视频监控、远程医学系统和远程通信接口,在原有医疗后送软件基础上设计的应用软件系统包括升级的伤员医疗护送、扩展的卫勤战救训练和医疗服务应用软件系统.结论 该方案可满足医院船多样化军事任务卫勤信息化需求,通过了技术设计评审,已用于医院船升级改造.

目的:为提升海军小型舰艇手术室照明效果,设计一种基于平面LED阵列的舰用手术无影灯.方法:舰用手术无影灯采用二维平面布局的LED阵列结构,阵列行数为19行,行间距为120 mm,单行LED数量为8或者9,行内LED间距为80 mm.单个LED灯以小尺寸、功率为2 W的灯珠为光源,以形成圆形光斑或椭圆形光斑的全内反射透镜作为二次光学元件.结果:舰用手术无影灯的LED数量为161个,总功率为322 W,形成的光斑能够覆盖整个手术床平面,且椭圆形光斑的无影灯中心照度优于圆形光斑的无影灯.结论:舰用手术无影灯的LED阵列布局合理、机械结构简单,能够有效提升舰艇手术照明.

Nautical medicine, as a comprehensive discipline, studies various medical problems under the conditions of navigation. As human seafaring activities are affected by various surface and underwater environmental factors, this discipline focuses on exploring and studying the physical and mental health problems of all kinds of seafaring personnel at all levels from the perspectives of diving medicine, nautical hygiene, nautical ergonomics, and nautical psychology, to ensure those personnel’s physical and mental health under special environment, improve their working environment, increase their working efficiency, and realize the on-site medical rescue support. In this paper, the current status and development of nautical medicine research at home and abroad were summarized, and the future research directions of nautical medicine were prospected.

Objective:To investigate the optical design effect of a new type of LED surgical light on navy ships.Methods:With Lighttools, an optical simulation software, the design of the total internal reflection (TIR) lens was optimized, the lighting characteristics of the surgical light on navy ships were analyzed, and the lighting effect of such design in the onboard operating room was simulated.Results:A TIR lens can efficiently collect 78% LED light. After secondary design, the central illuminance of the light spot of the LED lamp beads reached 9.1 klx, that of one single light was 42.5 klx, and that of the lighting system was 200.0 klx. The spot diameter of the surgical light used on navy ships was 238 mm with a uniform spot distribution.Conclusion:The lighting indicators of the new LED surgical light with TIR lens designed for navy ships can meet the industry standards.

从基本分类、工作原理、结构组成、应用场景等方面系统介绍了基于无线电测量、无线通信、全球定位和无线通信及北斗导航系统的4类报警定位装置,分析了报警定位装置当前存在的问题.提出了建立统一的协议和标准,用户机向智能化、多功能、低功耗、小型化发展等建议,指出了基于北斗导航系统的海上落水人员定位装置由于其定位精度高、具备短报文功能、技术自主可控等优势,在未来军事的应用中前景广阔.

随着军事医学主题从传统伤病救治向健康维护和能力促进逐步演化,作战人员作业效能增强研究越来越受到关注,成为军事医学研究的一个新领域.海军人员需在多种特殊作业平台和环境下工作,作业效能增强研究通过人-机-环境系统工程、训练医学、药物干预、疲劳和应激等领域的研究,运用多种先进方法和技术,使人与武器装备及环境更加安全、合理、高效地结合,保障人员安全和健康,提高人员的作业效能.该文具体探讨海军作业效能增强研究方向、内容、特点和发展趋势.

目的:研究一种报警人员定位系统,用于战时与突发事件中定位指示舰船舱内伤员与受困人员.方法:该系统使用低负荷穿戴式生命体征监测报警装置进行伤员与受困人员报警;采用适应舰船环境的舱内无线测距定位技术——线性调频扩频定位(chirp spread spectrum,CSS)对称双边双路测距(symmetric double-sided two way ranging,SDS-TWR)、有线路由与多协议、多通道有线网络冗余传输的方式,将报警人员位置信息传输上报,呈现于相关部门的指挥控制网络终端图形化界面.结果:应用该系统,舰船指挥、损害管控与救护等应急救援部门可获得报警伤员与受困人员所处舱室及位置等具体信息,了解伤员与受困人员的生命体征,以便及时采取针对性措施.结论:在舰船突发事件中使用该系统,可为应急救援与伤员救护争取宝贵时间,提高救援与救护效率,减少伤亡.

Objective To research the location,composition,zoning,flow and combination form of medical system of Model 920 hospital ship, and to provide theoretical support for the design of the hospital ship. Methods The layout of medical system of the hospital ship was constructed based on the theories of ship engineering design,hospital architecture design and naval health service as well as the requirements for height and internal environment of medical system.Results The mode combining multi corridor and single column was used to design 8 operating rooms and accessories in the midship of No.01 deck.Conclusion The multi-corridor single-column combination operating area occupies less ship space resources and the surgical treatment of wounded and sick patients is efficient, which is suitable for the platform of the ship and is worthy of reference for the design of the medical system of the large-scale rescue platform on the sea. [Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2018,39(5):39-43]

Objective To investigate and analyze the features of medical systems onboard foreign amphibious ships,and to design the extended medical system onboard a certain dock landing ship of our navy.Methods Six medical modules were transfered from the ship-borne medical system and were installed on the flight deck of the ship,and the ward medical system was installed in the helicopter hangar,so as to form the extended medical system with the main capacities of surgical operation,hospitalization and accessory medical support.Results The extended medical system had the capacity of accommodating no less than 100 casualties (100 beds) and could hold 4 operating tables.The time for the installation of the system would be no more than 24 hours.Conclusions The expanded medical system could meet the demands of mass casualty care at sea,and improve the medical capability in its multi-role mission of the dock landing ship.

介绍"西北风"级两栖攻击舰基本情况,分析其医疗系统设计、设备配置、人员编配等方面的特点;并结合我海军海上卫勤保障实际,提出以伤员救治为核心、灵活拓展的设计理念及运行使用等启示,以期为我大型军辅船设计建造及多样化运行使用提供参考.

Objective To establish the evaluation index system of ship habitability,and the main factors affecting ship habitability were analyzed,which could provide guideline for the design of naval vessels. Methods The evaluation index system of ship habitability was established by retrieving information data and Delphi method (expert consultation ).Weights affecting various evaluation factors were calculated and a comprehensive evaluation on the habitability of a large warship was performed by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.Results The main factors affecting the habitability of the ship were temperature,cabin layout, workflow and harmful gases.Evaluation results indicated that the habitability of the ship was on the whole good. Conclusions In the designing process of a ship,special emphasis should be paid to the air conditioning system,layout of living cabins,strict control of the sources of harmful gases,so as to effectively improve the habitability of the ship.

研究了舰船伤员现场急救的勤务范围和现场急救装备的功能需求,从箱体的材料、成型工艺及结构形式方面介绍了国内外急救类装备的技术形式,并综述了国内外箱囊类卫生装备的配置品量.在此基础上分析提出了我国海军舰船伤员现场急救装备的勤务定位和装备研制对策,对该类装备的研制和配备具有参考意义.

目的:实现医院船卫勤组织指挥信息共享管理,提高海上伤员救治总体效能.方法:建立医院船卫勤组织指挥信息化工作模式,运用多媒体、软件工程与系统融合等技术研制卫勤组织指挥信息系统.结果:该系统实现了卫勤组织指挥与战伤救治及医疗保障等信息的综合集成.结论:该系统可充分利用卫生资源配置,综合提升海上卫勤信息化能力.

Through a comparative study on the domestic and foreign development status of salvage and rescue systems of men overboard,the weakness in the rescue and salvage systems for men overboard was systematically analyzed.In combination with the present status of the medical support systems at sea, recommendations were put forth concerning the development trend and future requirements on the salvage and rescue systems for men overboard.In particular,those systems that could practically solve the problems of salvage and rescue and avoid secondary damage to those men over board were now weak links in the medical support system of our military.In light of those week links,supplementing and perfecting the present salvage and rescue systems would help to increase on -site working efficiency in the rescue of casualties at sea,and it was also of great importance to implement the people -oriented concept and boost the morale of those personnel involved in risky operations at sea.

分析总结了体温过低对人体生理机能的影响和带来的生理规律变化,对现有的复温技术进行了总结归纳.针对海上落水人员复温装备的发展现状,提出了研制舰船舱室环境使用的模块化复温装置的勤务需求,对于解决落水人员的中度/重度低温症现场救治具有参考意义.

Comparisons and analyses were made on present status and development of search and location equipment,and related decision-support systems concerning search and rescue of man-overboard.Through investigation of the weak links in the search and location equipment,and in the light of present development status of related equipment,future trend and demands were put forward specifically in the development of search and rescue equipment for man-overboard.Aiming at the weak links,supplementing and perfecting the present search and rescue equipment series were obviously beneficial to the improvement of onsite search and rescue efficiency.At the same time,it was of great significance to implement the man-oriented social concept,thus further enhancing the morale of marine personnel engaged in risk operations.

突击上陆阶段是指从登陆部队展开登陆编队、换乘登陆工具到建立登陆场的一段时间，它是登陆作战伤员发生最多、最集中、卫勤保障最困难的一个阶段，是登陆作战卫勤保障的重点。两栖作战部队是登陆作战主攻方向的突击力量，目前我军两栖部队主要以通用卫生装备为主，该装备在训练、演习中凸现诸多问题，特别是与两栖部队作战携运行保障需求不相适应，影响和制约了两栖部队卫勤保障能力。因此，探讨突击上陆阶段两栖作战部队卫生装备需求具有十分重要的意义。

目的:实现医院船伤员检伤分类信息共享管理,提高海上伤员医疗后送的总体效能.方法:运用战伤救治、软件工程、综合集成等理论与技术,研究、建立医院船检伤分类信息化工作模式.采用关系型数据库和JAVA中文版开发系统主体,运用嵌入式技术开发便携式系统数据处理软件,软件接口参照HL7.结果:该系统可实现伤员接收、检伤分类、分类后送和收容救治等信息综合集成,已在多项活动及医疗信息系统中获得集成应用.结论:使用医院船伤员检伤分类信息系统,可充分利用卫生资源配置,综合提升伤员整体的救治能力.

Objective To explore the correlation between TCM constitution and sleep status in escort troops. Methods Standardized TCM Constitution Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to investigate escort troops. Factors of PSQI and constitution types were analyzed. Results The results of PSQI showed the number of escort troops who had bad sleeping (PSQI>7) was 64, which accounted for 46%of the escort troops, among which, 45 people (70.3%) were justified as biased constitution, while 19 were normal constitution (29.7%). The top three biased constitution in bad sleeping were:qi deficiency, phlegm-dampness and dampness-heat. PSQI factors such as sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction and total score had positive correlation with qi deficiency, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, dampness-heat and blood stasis, and negative correlation with normal constitution. Conclusion Sleep condition of escort troops has correlation with TCM constitution, which indicates that sleep status could be improved by regulating TCM constitution.