随着海洋权益争端的日趋激烈以及发展海权的迫切需求,海军开始战略转型.文章通过对海军战略转型内涵的深入分析,明确对卫勤训练的要求;结合海军战略转型后远海卫勤保障出现的新特点,探索提升卫勤力量适应远海作战训练质量的途径,并针对目前基地建设存在的困难,提出构建现代化海军卫勤训练基地的建议,为提高海军远海作战能力服务.

舰艇军医是指在舰艇上实施卫勤保障的医生,履行紧急救治职能,属海战场的第一救治阶梯,同时舰艇军医还担负舰艇普通官兵战伤救治的培训任务.马岛海战中"乌干达"号医院船共收治了1050名伤员,只有3名死亡[1] ,伤死率极低,可见现代海战只要能将伤员活着从舰艇一线送到后方医疗救治机构,生存概率大幅提升.因而能否培育出一批操作技能过强、心里素质过硬、组训水平过关的舰艇军医对未来海战降低伤死率极为重要.随着各种新兴科技的迅猛发展,特别是各种新型模拟器的诞生,为战伤救治训练实战化提供了可能,如何科学合理改进现有舰艇军医任职培训模式值得深思.

Objective:To survey psychological health of new postgraduates in the military university and analyze the influential factors to put preference for psychological health education .Methods:Taken the military university for ex‐ample ,all the new postgraduates were surveyed with Symptom Checklist 90(SCL -90)in recent three years .Results:Those with different genders had different scores of compulsory ,anxiety ,terror ,diet and sleep factors and the total score (t=2 1.26 ,3 8.38 ,3 6.24 ,2 6.42 ,2 2.71 ;P<0 0.5) ,so did those with different identities in the scores of compul‐sory ,interpersonal sensitivity ,anxiety ,terror ,paranoia ,psychotic factor ,diet and sleep factors and the total score(F=9 3.45 ,8 1.98 ,16 5.55 ,9 9.69 ,3 8.35 ,7 1.29 ,8 1.10 ,8 2.98 ;P<0 0.5) ,those with different working times in the scores of compulsory ,interpersonal sensitivity ,anxiety ,terror ,psychotic factor ,diet and sleep factors and the total score(F=4 9.44 ,6 6.03 ,4 7.35 ,7 1.71 ,6 0.05 ,4 9.06 ,5 3.58 ;P<0 0.5) ,those with different marital status in the scores of com‐pulsory and paranoia factors (t=2 2.94 ,2 4.34 ,P=0 0.22 ,0 0.15) ,those with different undergraduate colleges in the scores of compulsory ,anxiety ,terror ,diet and sleep factors and the total score(t=3 5.56 ,5 1.29 ,2 9.29 ,2 3.70 ,2 7.36 ;P<0 0.5) ,those with different parents'occupations in the scores of compulsory ,interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety (t=2 1.72 ,2 3.86 ,2 0.80 ,P=0 0.30 ,0 0.17 ,0 0.38) ,and those with different original units in all the SCL -90 scores except of hostility(t=2 4.54 ,3 1.30 ,3 7.36 ,1 9.79 ,4 4.55 ,4 4.38 ,2 1.32 ,3 7.04 ,4 5.23 ,4 0.22;P<0 0.5) .Conclusion:Psy‐chological health of new postgraduates in military university are good in generally ,which is influecnced by general demongraphic factors including genders ,inentities ,working times .

Objective:To survey the trends and the deficiencies of psychological health of new postgraduates in the military university with longitudinal and transverse contrast to put bases for psychological health education.Methods:Taken the military university for example,all the new postgraduates were surveyed with Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)in 2013,2014,2015.Results:It showed statistical significance in the new postgraduates in the scores of interper-sonal sensitivity,anxiety,paranoia,diet and sleep factors and the total score(F=3.085,6.687,4.021,6.588,4.565;P<0.05)and further SNK test showed that the scores of anxiety,paranoia,diet and sleep factors and the total score in 2013 were all higher than those in 2014 and 2015.The scores of ten factors of the new postgraduates in recent three years on the whole were different(F=115.927,P<0.001)and further SNK test showed that the score of compulsory was the highest(1.28),followed by the scores of interpersonal sensitivity(1.17),diet and sleep(1.17)and anxiety (1.16).Conclusion:Psychological health of new postgraduates in military university is good in generally and on the rise.The main problems are compulsory,interpersonal sensitivity,diet and sleep and anxiety,which has been stable in recent years.Multidimensional model of postgraduates'psychological health education should be built to advance their psychological levels.

Objective:To continually analyze the psychological health of postgraduates participating in reexamina‐tion in Military University to advance the quality of graduate admissions and improve psychological health education on campus .Methods:Taken the military university for example ,all the postgraduates participating in master reexami‐nation in 2013 ,2014 ,2015 were surveyed with Symptom Checklist 90(SCL -90) .Results:It showed statistical signif‐icance among the scores of depression ,anxiety ,hostility ,diet and sleep factors and the total score of the postgradu‐ates in recent three years (F= 3 .133 ,5 .813 ,3 .311 ,3 .824 ,5 .194 ,3 .753 ;P< 0 .05) .Further SNK showed that the scores of anxiety ,hostility ,diet and sleep factors and the total score of the postgraduates in 2013 were all higher than those in 2014 and 2015 .Conclusion:It can early recognize the postgraduates with psychological symptoms that adding psychological test to the postgraduate reexamination ,which can put forward baseline data and reference materials to promote psychological health education of postgraduates .Postgraduates participating in reexamination in Military U‐niversity generally have good psychological health ,w hich go up continually in recent years .

目的 了解我校复试研究生心理健康水平及影响因素.方法 应用症状自评量表调查本校2013年、2014年、2015年所有复试硕士研究生.结果 近三年,复试硕士研究生SCL-90总均分为1.14±0.177,十项因子得分有统计学差异(F=133.687,P＜0.001),其中强迫因子得分最高,其次是人际关系敏感、睡眠饮食、焦虑因子,再次是抑郁因子.不同性别、身份、婚姻状况、本科院校性质、父母职业、工作时间、单位性质的研究生心理健康水平均不同.结论 在研究生复试中嵌入心理测试是必要的,我校复试研究生整体心理状态较好,受性别、身份、婚姻状况、本科院校性质、父母职业、工作时间、单位性质等因素的影响.

Objective To discuss the distribution of all latitudes of military medical graduate students'innovation.Methods Using Williams Creative Inclination Scale,all graduate students in the military medical university were surveyed on their four innovative charac-ters and compared in general and different groups.Results ①The scores of the latitudes of innovation showed statistical significance( F=66.365,P=0.000),in which the highest were challenging and curious,then the adventurous and the lowest imaginative;②In the comparisons among different groups,only the imaginations in those with different schooling record were different(F=4.381,P=0.037), and those in Doctors were lower than those in Masters.Conclusion The four latitudes of military medical graduate students'innovation are all above the average,the challenging and curiosity are relatively higher,and there are almost no differences among different groups. The imaginations are relatively lack,especially in doctors.

To put forward appropriate psychological adjustment by exploring the enrollment motivation of military medical graduate students,the enrollment motivations of all graduate students in the military medical university were surveyed with self -made question-naire and analyzed in different genders ,specialties, grades, degrees, levels, etc.The results showed that the motivations were mainly extrinsic, including advancing diplomas(66.8%), personal interest(42.4%), pressure of obtaining employment(13.7%), parents requirements(12.9%), others’ suggestions(12.4%), going with the stream(8.6%), etc,which were different in different groups .

As the local graduate recruit training work of military academies deepened , great changes had taken place in military academy graduate matriculate structure and graduate students would also be gradually incor -porated into local graduate student daily management work .Local graduate student owned determines the character-istics of the daily administrative affairs management work with military graduate students .The article analyzed the characteristics of local and military graduates , and the differences of two types postgraduate management , summa-rized the military academy graduate management present situation .The authors also made some discussion and re-flection on the local graduate student management mode of military academies under the new situation .

随着社会改革不断深入,以学术研究为导向的研究生培养与社会“多元化”需求逐渐不相适应.本文从求学与就业、考核指标、课题研究等方面,阐述了研究生培养的困境,并提出军事院校药学研究生教育应以提升培养质量为中心,导师与研究生统一目标,注重核心价值观教育以及实践能力的培养.

The construction of an outstanding doctoral tutors team will affect the cultivation quality of high-quality and high-level talents directly.And it will play vital role in implementing the grand strategy of Scientific Development View and in promoting the flourishing development of higher education.In this paper,we try to make comparative differentiation analysis with Wilcoxon Two-Sample Test on the academic standards and qualifications of the newly-promoted doctoral tutors in a certain medical university,with the aim to find out the weakness so as to increase their academic and instructive levels and to create better research conditions for the cultivation of talents.

目的:从医院管理角度分析医疗纠纷发生的原因以及纠纷发生较多的科室,有针对性地提出减少纠纷的对策.方法:用统计学方法对收集到的有关医疗纠纷的文献进行分析,比较医疗纠纷原因的构成比大小和各科室发生医疗纠纷的构成比大小.结果:医疗过失构成比为34.60%,医疗过失构成比95%的可信区间为(0.308,0.384),医疗过失为产生医疗纠纷的首要原因.外科构成比为36.70%,外科构成比95%的可信区间为(0.327,0.407),外科为产生医疗纠纷的首要科室.结论:军队医院应跟上医疗保障制度改革步伐,转变观念,加强业务培训,加强医德医风教育,提高医务人员的责任心,增强患者权利意识,提高治疗透明度,尤应加强外科及妇产科的管理.

目的:评价被动吸烟对儿童哮喘发病率的影响.方法:通过中国3大科技文献数据库和美国MEDLINE数据库检索1994～2003年间发表有关本主题的随机对照研究文献,共收集符合入选标准的文献8篇,应用Meta分析中的General Variance-Based方法对此8篇有关儿童哮喘诱发因素的Logistic回归分析进行综合分析.结果:被动吸烟的合并回归系数bG为1.101,OR值为3.007,χ2值为22.49,故P<0.001,说明被动吸烟与儿童哮喘的关系有统计学意义.结论:在其他因素控制的情况下,儿童对香烟烟雾的过敏与发生哮喘成正比例关系;且被动吸烟的儿童发生哮喘危险性是没有被动吸烟的儿童的3.007倍.