Hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disease that significantly impacts human quality of life. Gut microbiota and its metabolites have been reported to be involved in lipid metabolism and blood pressure regulation, but the specific alterations and pathogenic mechanisms of gut microbiota in obesity-related hypertension (OrHTN) remain unclear. In this study, we observed a significant proliferation of Desulfobacterota and Proteobacteria, while a decrease in the abundance of several butyrate-producing bacterial genera, accompanied by decreased fecal and plasma butyrate levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced OrHTN rats. Histone 3 lysine 9 butyrylation (H3K9bu) modification in the kidney of OrHTN rats was reduced and downregulated the expression of the hypertension-related gene MAS1. Subsequent transplantation of cecal contents from OrHTN rats on HFD into recipient rats on a normal chow diet resulted in hypertension but without obesity. Furthermore, in vitro experiments suggested that sodium butyrate increased H3K9bu modification and the expression of MAS1 in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, our findings suggest that gut microbiota may contribute to the development of OrHTN by altering the expression of hypertension-related genes through butyrate-mediated histone butyrylation. This work may provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of hypertension by targeting the regulation of gut microbiota and metabolites.

IntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder marked by disruptions in glucolipid metabolism, with numerous signaling pathways contributing to its progression. The liver, as the hub of glycolipid metabolism, plays a pivotal role in this context. Mulberry leaf (ML), a staple in traditional Chinese medicine, is widely utilized in the clinical management of T2D. Synthesizing existing literature with the outcomes of prior research, it has become evident that ML enhances glucose metabolism via multiple pathways.MethodsIn our study, we induced T2D in rats through a regimen of high-sugar and high-fat diet supplementation, coupled with intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin. We subsequently administered the aqueous extract of ML to these rats and assessed its efficacy using fasting blood glucose levels and other diagnostic indicators. Further, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the rats’ liver tissues using metabolomics and proteomics to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms.ResultsOur findings indicate that ML not only significantly alleviated the symptoms in T2D rats but also demonstrated the capacity to lower blood glucose levels. This was achieved by modulating the glucose-lipid metabolism and amino-terminal pathways within the liver. ACSL5, Dlat, Pdhb, G6pc, Mdh2, Cs, and other key enzymes in metabolic pathways regulated by ML may be the core targets of ML treatment for T2D.DiscussionMulberry leaf ameliorate STZ induced diabetic rat by regulating hepatic glycometabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered as one of the most significant metabolic syndromes worldwide, and the long-term use of the drugs already on the market for T2D often gives rise to some side effects. The mulberry leaf (ML), Morus alba L., has advantages in terms of its comprehensive therapeutic efficacy, which are characterized as multicomponent, multitarget, multipathway, and matching with the complex pathological mechanisms of diabetes. Methods: T2D rats were established by a high-fat diet combined with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin; an evaluation of the hypoglycemic effects of the ML in combination with fasting blood glucose and other indicators, in addition to the utilization of metabolomics technology, was performed to analysis the metabolite changes in serum of rats. Results: MLs significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose of T2D rats, while improving the symptoms of polyphagia and polyuria. ML treatment altered the levels of various metabolites in the serum of T2D rats, which are involved in multiple metabolic pathways (amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism), played a role in antioxidative stress and anti-inflammation, modulated immune and gluconeogenesis processes, and improved obesity as well as insulin resistance (IR). Conclusion: The ML contains a variety of chemical components, and metabolomic results have shown that MLs regulate multiple metabolic pathways to exert hypoglycemic effects, suggesting that MLs may have great promise in the development of new hypoglycemic drugs.

目的:探讨小儿珠珀散治疗感冒的药物效应,为临床应用提供参考.方法:针对感冒过程中儿童可能出现的发热、咳嗽、痰多、消化不良等症状,分别利用脂多糖(LPS)致热家兔,氨水诱发小鼠咳嗽,酚红排泌法、半固体营养糊小鼠肠推进实验探讨小儿珠珀散对症治疗的作用.结果:小儿珠珀散可降低小鼠耳肿胀程度、家兔体温上升幅度;延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数,减少小鼠气管酚红排出量;促进小鼠胃排空,增加小鼠小肠推进率(P均＜0.05).结论:小儿珠珀散可缓解感冒过程中的多种症状.

目的:建立高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法(HPAEC-PAD)测定枸杞粗多糖及其不同组分单糖和糖醛酸的种类及含量.方法:枸杞子经水提醇沉,Hiprep DEAE FF16/10柱分离,再由HPAEC-PAD法测定枸杞粗多糖及其不同组分中单糖及糖醛酸的组成.结果:测得各单糖及糖醛酸在2.5～50mg/L线性关系良好(r≥0.9990),最低检出限为0.010～0.028mg/L,日内精密度RSD为0.98％～2.20％,日间精密度RSD为1.38％～2.46％,加标回收率为94.60％～112.62％.枸杞粗多糖及其不同组分均由阿拉伯糖、氨基葡萄糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、木糖、甘露糖、果糖、核糖、半乳糖醛酸和葡萄糖醛酸组成.结论:本研究所建立的方法简便、准确、分离效果好、灵敏度高,可用于枸杞粗多糖及其不同组分单糖及糖醛酸组成和测定的分析研究.

The objective of this study is to analyze the differential protein expression profile in cerebral cortex of rats with middle cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (MCAO/R), explore the brain damage mechanism of MCAO/R at protein level, and provide experimental foundation for searching specific marker proteins of MCAO/R. Rat model of MCAO/R was established by modified suture-occluded method, and the model was evaluated by the results of brain 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Cerebral cortex of rats from sham-operated group (Sham) and MCAO/R groups was used for FASP enzymatic hydrolysis, i-TRAQ quantitative labeling, and reverse-phase liquid chromatography purification and separation. Orbitrap Q Exactive mass spectrometry was used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of total differential protein expression profiles. MCAO/R rats had obvious cerebral infarction lesions, and the relative surface area of cerebral infarction was significantly different compared with sham rats, suggesting that MCAO/R rat model was successfully prepared. There were 199 significant difference proteins (MCAO/R vs Sham, p < 0.05, |fold change|> 1.2), including 104 up-regulated proteins and 95 down-regulated proteins. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated proteins were mainly concentrated in the biological processes of positive regulation of NF-κB transcription and I-κB kinase-NF-κB, etc. Down-regulated proteins were mainly concentrated in long-term synaptic potentiation, cellular response to DNA damage stimulus, etc. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathway involved in differential proteins includes oxidative phosphorylation, metabolic pathway, and Ras signaling pathway. Network analysis of differential proteins showed that Alb, ndufb5, ndufs7, ApoB, Cdc42, Ndufa3, Igf1r, P4hb, Mbp, Gc, Nme1, Akt2, and other proteins may play an important role in regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory response in MCAO/R. Quantitative proteomics based on i-TRAQ labeling reveals the effect of inflammation and apoptosis in brain damage mechanism of MCAO/R. Besides, this research provide some experimental foundation for search and determination of potential therapeutic targets of MCAO/R.

目的 利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分进行定性分析.方法 采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相为0.1％甲酸水(A)和乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,进样量2μL,在电喷雾正负离子模式下采集数据.经Reaxys数据库检索番荔枝属类化合物信息,通过质谱信息比对各化合物的m/z值、保留时间、质谱特征碎片等,并结合文献数据对鉴定的化合物进行验证.结果 根据各化合物的特征裂解规律,从刺果番荔枝叶中共鉴定出45个化合物,包括16个生物碱类,14个番荔枝内酯类,7个黄酮类和8个其他类化合物,其中以番荔枝内酯类和生物碱类成分居多,与文献报道番荔枝内酯与生物碱类化合物是发挥抗癌的主要活性成分一致.结论 利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶中的化学成分进行了快速、准确的定性分析,为刺果番荔枝叶的提取分离与药效物质基础的研究提供依据.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Hanchuan Zupa Granule (HCZP), a traditional Chinese ethnodrug, has the functions of supressing a cough, resolving phlegm, warming the lungs, and relieving asthma. In clinical practice employing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), HCZP is commonly used to treat acute colds, cough and abnormal mucous asthma caused by a cold, or "Nai-Zi-Lai" in the Uygur language. Studies have confirmed the use of HCZP to treat cough variant asthma (CVA) and other respiratory diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of HCZP remain unrevealed. Aim of the study: To investigate the anti-tussive and anti-asthmatic effects and the possible pharmacological mechanisms of HCZP in the treatment of CVA. Materials and methods: A guinea pig CVA animal model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) combined with intraperitoneal injection of aluminium hydroxide adjuvant and atomized OVA. Meanwhile, guinea pigs with CVA received oral HCZP (at dosages of 0.571, 0.285 and 0.143 g/kg bodyweight). The number of coughs induced by aerosol capsaicin was recorded, and the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) of CVA guinea pigs was detected with the FinePointe series RC system. H&E staining of lung tissues was performed to observe pathological changes. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory cytokines. qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses were used to detect the expression of Th1-specific transcription factor (T-bet), Th2-specific transcription factor (GATA3), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction elements. These methods were performed to assess the protective effects and the potential mechanisms of HCZP on CVA. Results: Great changes were found in the CVA guinea pig model after HCZP treatment. The number of coughs induced by capsaicin in guinea pigs decreased, the body weights of guinea pigs increased, and inflammation of the eosinophilic airway and AHR were reduced simultaneously. These results indicate that HCZP has a significant protective effect on CVA. A pharmacological study of HCZP showed that the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in serum decreased. The amount of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) increased, mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 and GATA3 weakened, and mRNA and protein expression of T-bet increased. Conclusions: HCZP ameliorated the symptoms of guinea pigs with CVA induced by OVA by regulating the Th1/Th2 imbalance and TLR4 receptors.

目的 利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对4种秦艽药材的化学成分进行定性分析.方法 采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm),在电喷雾正负离子模式下采集数据.将母离子列表(PIL)-MS2和高分辨质谱结合,用于秦艽药材中化学成分的鉴别.结果 结合质谱数据和文献数据共鉴定、推断出66个成分,其中包括环烯醚萜类36个、木脂素类5个、黄酮类5个、三萜类12个、其他类8个.其中19个成分为首次报道.结论 4种秦艽成分大致相同,利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术结合母离子列表的方法可以快速筛选《中国药典》规定的4种秦艽中的化学成分,为秦艽化学成分的提取分离及其药效物质基础研究提供参考.

目的 研究寒喘祖帕颗粒对甲型流感病毒鼠肺适应株FM1感染小鼠的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制.方法 ①ICR小鼠60只,随机分为正常组、模型组、达菲组及寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组,每组10只.除正常组外,其余各组小鼠用甲型流感病毒鼠肺适应株FM1溶液(病毒原液稀释4.0x 103倍)滴鼻感染小鼠造模.达菲组给予达菲47 mg/kg,寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组分别给予寒喘祖帕颗粒浸膏1.08 g/kg、0.54 g/kg、0.27 g/kg,正常组和模型组给予同体积蒸馏水.各组均连续干预5d,于6d时称取小鼠体质量,摘取全肺,计算其肺指数及抑制率;末次给药24h后ELISA法测定小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平;HE染色观察小鼠肺组织病理学改变并进行评分.②ICR小鼠160只,随机分为正常组、模型组、达菲组及寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组,正常组10只,其余各组每组30只.除正常组外,其余各组小鼠用流感病毒鼠肺适应株FM1溶液(病毒原液稀释3.5x103倍)滴鼻感染小鼠造模.造模当天开始各组分别灌胃给药,达菲组给予达菲47 mg/kg,寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组分别给予寒喘祖帕颗粒浸膏2.16 g/kg、1.08 g/kg、0.54 g/kg,正常组和模型组给予同体积的蒸馏水.各组均连续干预5d,观察14 d内小鼠死亡情况,记录小鼠存活时间并计算死亡率.结果 ①与正常组比较,模型组小鼠体质量降低(P＜0.01),肺指数增加(P＜0.01),血清TNF-0α水平升高(P＜0.01),肺组织病理得分增加(P＜0.01);与模型组比较,达菲组和寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中剂量组小鼠体质量增加(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),肺指数降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),血清TNF-α水平降低(P＜0.01),肺组织病理得分降低(P＜0.01);达菲组与寒喘祖帕颗粒各剂量组比较、寒喘祖帕颗粒各剂量组组间比较,上述指标差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②与正常组比较,模型组小鼠存活时间减少(P＜0.01),死亡率增加(P＜0.01);与模型组比较,达菲组和寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组存活时间增加(P＜0.01),达菲组寒喘祖帕颗粒高剂量组死亡率降低(P＜0.01).与达菲组比较,寒喘祖帕颗粒中、低剂量组存活时间减少(P＜0.05),寒喘祖帕颗粒高、中、低剂量组死亡率升高(P＜0.01).与寒喘祖帕颗粒高剂量组比较,寒喘祖帕颗粒中、低剂量组存活时间减少、死亡率升高(P＜0.05).结论 寒喘祖帕颗粒对甲型流感病毒鼠肺适应株FM1感染小鼠有一定的保护作用,该作用可能与抗炎、降低血清TNF-α含量有关.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing year by year, gut microbiota is considered to be closely related to the occurrence and development of T1DM in recent years. In this study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with 75mg/kg streptozotocin to establish T1DM model, fecal samples were collected and DNA were extracted, 16S rRNA microbial gene clone library were constructed, and lastly high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. The results showed that the abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae, Shigella, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Rothia and Alistipes associated with infection and inflammation in T1DM rats were up-regulated, while the abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Faecalitalea, Butyricicoccus and Allobaculum were reduced. Among them, Butyricicoccus and Allobaculum protect intestinal barrier function by producing short-chain fatty acids. This study suggests that intestinal inflammation and reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota are crucial to the pathogenesis of T1DM.

Objective:To determine the effects of a high-fat diet（HFD） on the gut microbiome in rats,to explore the relationship between the intestinal flora and blood lipid profile.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HFD for four weeks to induce hyperlipidemia,then 16 S rRNA sequencing was used to compare the intestinal flora between hyperlipidemic and control diet-fed rats.Results:The microbiome of rats fed an HFD for four weeks differed from that of control diet-fed rats.Bacterial species that were less abundant were most affected by HFD feeding,among which were many pathogenic species,which became significantly more abundant.Eighteen genera were present in significantly different numbers in hyperlipidemic and control rats,more than half of which have been linked to infection and inflammation,or energy intake and obesity.The results indicated a type of stress response of the flora to a high-fat environment.In addition,the age of the rats tended to influence the gut microbial composition.Conclusion:These findings suggest that HFD may induce hyperlipidemia by affecting the gut microbial composition.Changes in the abundance of pro-inflammatory and pathogenic bacteria,and those that influence energy intake and obesity,may be important mediators of this.

目的采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF/HRMS E ）技术对活血解毒方中的化学成分进行研究。方法采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C 18 色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm）,以0.1%甲酸溶液（A）和0.1%甲酸乙腈（B）作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量为0.3 mL/min,采用ESI源在正、负离子模式下采集数据。根据化合物精确相对分子质量及二级特征碎片离子信息,结合参考文献数据与UNIFI数据库,鉴定活血解毒方的主要化学成分。结果从活血解毒方中鉴定出66个化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物8个、生物碱类化合物7个、酚类化合物6个、皂苷类化合物30个、木质素类化合物6个、萜类化合物4个和其他类化合物5个。结论建立的UPLC-Q-TOF/HRMS E 联用技术与UNIFI结合法能够系统、快速、准确地鉴定多种化学成分,为其质量评价指标选择及药效物质基础深入研究提供了参考。

目的:评价羚羊清肺颗粒原方中羚羊角替换为山羊角后的解热、镇痛、祛痰、止咳以及对急性咽炎的治疗作用,并与羚羊清肺颗粒原方进行药效学比较,为羚羊清肺颗粒山羊角替代羚羊角提供实验依据.方法:通过内毒素致家兔发热实验,观察其解热作用;通过小鼠醋酸扭体实验,观察其镇痛作用;通过小鼠酚红排泌实验,观察其祛痰作用;通过枸橼酸诱发豚鼠咳嗽实验,观察其止咳作用;通过氨水致大鼠咽炎实验,观察其治疗急性咽炎作用.结果:羚羊清肺颗粒(濒危替代)可明显降低发热模型家兔体温,减少小鼠扭体次数,增加小鼠气管酚红排泌量,延长豚鼠咳嗽潜伏期,并显著降低豚鼠咳嗽次数;降低咽炎模型大鼠血白细胞数、中性粒细胞数以及淋巴细胞数,并能显著减轻大鼠气管组织炎性病变.结论:羚羊清肺颗粒(濒危替代)具有解热、镇痛、祛痰、止咳及治疗咽炎的药效学作用,山羊角可作为羚羊清肺颗粒原方中羚羊角替换的一种选择.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of matrine on antigen presentation of dendritic cells (DCs), and to explore the pharmacological mechanism of matrine on anti-tumor effect.METHODS:Different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µ g/mL) of matrine were co-cultured with DCs, the harvested DCs were co-cultured with antigens of Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells, and then DCs and T cells were co-cultured to produce DCs-activated killer (DAK) cells, which have significant tumor-killing activity. The expression of cytokines, mRNA and protein of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in DCs were detected by enzyme linked immunosobent assay, polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. And the killing effect of DAK were measured by MTT assay.RESULTS:Matrine significantly increased the mRNA expression of TLR7, TLR8, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6) and I κ B kinase (IKK), as well as the protein expression of TLR7 and TLR8, and up-regulated the levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), meanwhile, it also increased the expressions of MHC-II, CD54, CD80 and CD86 in DCs. DCs-activated effector T cells had significant tumor-killing activity. When the concentration of matrine was more than 4 µg/mL, all indices had significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Matrine plays an anti-tumor role by regulating TLRs signal transduction pathway, promoting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and enhancing immune function.

With the improvement of people's living standard and the changes of environment, the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise day by day, while clinical treatment mainly aims at lowering blood glucose, instead of fundamental prevention and treatment. What's worse, the measures of prevention and treatment of DM complications remain inadequate. Both Chinese and modern medicine have advantages and disadvantages in treating DM, therefore, it would be a worthy attempt to break through the bottleneck of DM treatment by combining the advantages of both, and explore the new measures to prevent and deal with DM from the perspective of the combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome and modern medicine. In this paper, modern research methods and possible indicators of TCM syndromes of DM were expounded from clinical and basic research aspects, aiming to find specific biomarkers of TCM syndromes, and providing experimental supports for the diagnosis and treatment of DM and the verification of TCM theory.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes, and insulin resistance (IR) is its core pathological mechanism. Proteomics is an ingenious and promising Omics technology that can comprehensively describe the global protein expression profiling of body or specific tissue, and is widely applied to the study of molecular mechanisms of diseases. In this paper, we focused on insulin target organs: adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, and analyzed the different pathological processes of IR in these three tissues based on proteomics research. By literature studies, we proposed that the main pathological processes of IR among target organs were diverse, which showed unique characteristics and focuses. We further summarized the differential proteins in target organs which were verified to be related to IR, and discussed the proteins that may play key roles in the emphasized pathological processes, aiming at discovering potentially specific differential proteins of IR, and providing new ideas for pathological mechanism research of IR.

This study is to establish a qualitative method for rapid identification of bile acids in Suis Fellis Pulvis based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS technology,and an HPLC-ELSD internal standard method for the quantitative determination of two glycine-conjugated BAs in Suis Fellis Pulvis.The chromatographic separation of the UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS qualitative analysis was achieved on a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T_3column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),with 0.2%formic acid aqueous solution(A)-acetonitrile(B)as mobile phase ingradient elution.Electrospray ionization(ESI)source was applied and operated in negative ion mode.Quantitative analysis was performed at 30℃on a Diamonsil-C_(18)column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm).The mobile phase consisted of 0.2%formic acid solution and acetonitrile with gradient elution and the flow rate was 1.0 m L·min~(-1).An ELSD was used with a nitrogen flow-rate of1.4 L·min~(-1)at a drift tube temperature of 60℃and the gain was 1.A total of 14 bile acids in Suis Fellis Pulvis were characterized based on the accurate mass measurements,fragmentation patterns,chromatographic retention times,and reference materials.For the quantitative analysis method,the glycohyodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid had good linear relationship in the range of26.52-265.20 mg·L~(-1)(r=0.999 8)and 19.84-198.40 mg·L~(-1)(r=0.999 1),respectively.The average recoveries(n=6)were104.1%and 103.1%,and the RSD were 2.0%and 2.4%.The UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS technology provides a fast and efficient qualitative analysis method for identification of bile acids in Suis Fellis Pulvis.The HPLC-ELSD internal standard method is accurate and reliable,which has reference value for the quality control of Suis Fellis Pulvis.

目的 建立枸杞HPLC指纹图谱,并测定3种成分的含有量.方法 枸杞石油醚-丙酮提取物的分析采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相乙腈-甲醇-正己烷-二氯甲烷(40:15:20:20);体积流量l mL/min;柱温25℃;检测波长450 nm.结果 12批样品指纹图谱中有9个共有峰,相似度均大于0.9.玉米黄素、β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯分别在0.42～20.80、0.09～4.26、36.80～1 840.00 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率96.5％～ 103.2％,RSD 2.71％～3.73％.结论 该方法稳定可靠,可用于枸杞的质量控制.

雷公藤是一味传统中药,所含化学成分丰富,具有多方面的药理活性.在刘昌孝院士提出中药质量标志物(Q-marker)新概念的基础上,系统综述了雷公藤化学成分及药理活性,并根据质量标志物的定义结合雷公藤的传统药效、传统药性、临床用药新用途、可测成分、入血成分和配伍研究进行分析,对雷公藤质量标志物进行预测,以期为雷公藤药材质量的深入研究提供参考.