In order to study the isolation,culture methods and biological characteristics of the fibroblasts of Equus kiang,the ear skin tissue of a 7-year-old Equus kiang was used.The primary cells were obtained by adherent method.The cells were purified with trypsin digestion method and a technique of differential an-choring velocity.The cells were identified by cellular morphology,growth curve,cell cycle and immunofluo-rescence staining.The results showed that the growth curve of fibroblasts was S-shaped,and the cells grew well.The expression of FSP-1 was confirmed positive by immunofluorescence staining.This study estab-lished the method of isolation,culture and identification of skin fibroblasts from ears skin of adult Equus kiang in vitro,which laid a foundation for the protection of germplasm resources in Equus kiang and the research at the cellular and molecular levels.

子宫内膜炎是驴场繁殖母驴常见的一种生殖系统疾病,母驴患病后,其正常繁殖性能受到影响,受孕率降低,导致驴驹产量下降,进而严重影响养殖场的经济效益及驴产业的健康发展.基于此,总结了驴子宫内膜炎的病因,包括病原微生物感染、其他原因导致子宫内膜污染或损伤及继发于其他疾病等3种情况;驴子宫内膜炎诊断方法,包括阴道检查、直肠检查、B超检查及其他检查等.并探讨了驴子宫内膜炎综合防治措施,预防方法有加强圈舍的环境及卫生管理工作、加强饲养管理、加强操作规范性及胎衣剥离等;治疗方法有子宫冲洗法、药物注入法、全身抗生素疗法、激素疗法、中西药合剂疗法、中药灌肠法及中药治疗法等.

试验旨在研究饲粮类型对驴驹生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.选取6～7月龄、体况良好、体重(108.93±8.30)kg的雌性驴驹15头,随机分为3组,每组5个重复.1组为对照组,精粗饲料分开饲喂,先粗后精;2组为常规TMR组;3组为TMR颗粒饲料组.结果表明,3组驴驹的平均日增重、体高显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),2组和3组驴驹的料重比显著低于1组(P＜0.05).2组驴驹的血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于1组和3组(P＜0.05);2组、3组驴驹的血清尿素氮(BUN)显著低于1组(P＜0.05);3组驴驹的血清甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著低于1组和2组(P＜0.05);3组驴驹的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量显著高于1组和2组(P＜0.05).研究表明,饲喂TMR颗粒饲料可以提高肉驴驴驹的平均日增重,提高蛋白质、脂肪在驴驹体内的代谢能力.

试验建立了犬粮中6种重金属[汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、铬(Cr)]多残留电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)的检测方法.犬粮样品经微波消解后质谱检测,6种有害元素的检出限在0.003～0.010 mg/kg之间;线性范围在0.1～100.0μg/L内各成分的线性相关系数均大于0.999;样品在定量限1倍、2倍和10倍3个添加水平下的平均回收率为91.9％～105.1％,相对标准偏差为2.6％～8.3％.采用单因子污染指数、综合因子污染指数法对犬粮中6种有害元素的食用安全性进行评价.结果 表明,综合因子污染指数大小顺序为:中幼型犬粮＞通用型和成犬粮＞老年犬粮.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary levels of quercetin on laying performance,egg quality and yolk antioxidation of laying hens.A total of 720 Roman laying hens,70-wk-old,were randomly allocated into the 6 dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 30 birds.The control diet was corn-soybean meal basal diet,while the trial diets were supplementation of 0.1,0.2 and 0.4 g/kg quercetin into the basal diets.The main trial period lasted for 5 wk,including 1 wk adaptation period.Results showed that hens were supplemented with quercetin at 0.2 g/kg of feed had higher average feed intake than the rest of quercetin treated groups(P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences have been observed between the quercetin groups(P＜0.05).Absolute yolk weight appeared to increase with the increment of quercetin levels(P-linear＜0.05).Eggshell weight of the 0.2 g/kg quercetin group was significantly higher than that of the rest two quercetin group(s P＜0.05).A linear dose response was observed for yolk cholesterol when hens were fed with querceti(n P-linear＜0.05).Total cholesterol per egg increased in control and 0.1 g/kg quercetin groups,compared with the 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg quercetin groups(P ＜ 0.05).Malonaldehyde(MDA)values were significantly decreased with increased levels of dietary quercetin(P-linear and quadratic ＜ 0.05).The MDA values in 0.4 g/kg quercetin group was the lowest among the other groups(P ＜ 0.05).There was a significant interaction between levels of quercetin and duration of storage(P ＜ 0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation of laying hens with quercetin for 28 d improved oxidative stability.The appropriate level of quercetin for laying performance and yolk antioxidation was 0.2 g/kg.

《动物解剖生理》作为高职院校学生接触到的第一门专业基础课程,其具有非常重要的启示和引导意义.以山东畜牧兽医职业学院为例.本人从事《动物解剖生理》课程八年多的教学经验表明,高职学生对专业课程学习的兴趣比对基础课程(如语文、数学、英语等课程)的兴趣浓厚得多.而作为最早接触的一门专业基础课程,《动物解剖生理》的教学工作显得尤为重要.

目前已出现以饲养和繁育观赏鸟为职业的新型行业.但目前饲养管理水平低下,急需建立观赏鸟的专门饲养管理、繁殖育种和科研机构,提高饲养管理效益.由于观赏鸟对孵化条件的要求比较苛刻,对观赏鸟孵化过程中的废气处理是整个孵化过程非常关键的部分,目前并没有这方面的观赏鸟孵化设备.

观赏鸟集观赏、欣赏、鸣叫、娱乐和陪伴等有助于人类放松身心、精神享受等功能.随着社会的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,观赏鸟的需求量越来越大.现在已出现以饲养和繁育观赏鸟为职业的新型行业.有的人已成为饲养观赏鸟的专业户.但目前饲养管理水平低下,急需建立观赏鸟的专门饲养管理、繁殖育种和科研机构,提高饲养管理效益.如金山珍珠鸟、灰文鸟、七彩文鸟、牡丹鹦鹉、玄风鹦鹉等,都可以进行人工饲育,不仅国内饲养者需要,而且可大量出口.目前并没有专用的观赏鸟孵化设备,通常都是借用小鸡的孵化箱进行孵化,由于两者的孵化条件有差别,导致观赏鸟孵化成活率较低.

对观赏鸟专用孵化加热消毒系统中的加热消毒单元、孵化腔空气流通的结构设计进行分析,通过对比试验可以看出,消毒加热单元可以有效地将蛋壳表面的病原微生物消除,防止其侵入蛋内影响胚胎发育,提高孵化率.独特设计的蛋盘保持空气的流通,提高了观赏鸟的孵化成活率.

毛皮动物养殖是我国的特色养殖产业,经济效益较高.在近些年发展中,养殖行业面临着动物性饲料资源短缺的现状,寻找替代性饲料资源成为行业发展的共识.发酵豆粕是很好的植物性蛋白质饲料资源,在家畜家禽生产中已取得了良好的养殖效果.文章就发酵豆粕的优点,家畜家禽及毛皮动物生产中发酵豆粕的研究状况作以论述,并对发酵豆粕在毛皮动物养殖中的应用前景进行分析.

动物器官内管道铸型是一项实践性很强的技术，在制作过程中，需要不断摸索和尝试才能获得丰富的经验，并且需要不断的总结和完善技术要领。笔者在从事管道铸型标本制作过程中，积极探索，获得如下经验：（1）采取最新鲜的器官作为材料是铸型成功的前提；（2）选用适宜浓度的铸型剂是显示各种管道特点的关键；（3）针对器官内部管道的不同特点适度掌握首次灌注量和补充灌注量是必要的手段；（4）用心体会手工控制压力是铸型成败的重要因素；（5）用丙酮与丁酮混合作为溶剂有明显的优点。此外，精心的清理和修整可以收到锦上添花的效果。此外，制作并研究各种动物器官内管道铸型，尤其是血管铸型，还能为临床医学以及动物医学中进行人和动物（犬、猫等宠物）器官移植提供有价值的参考依据。

1 病例报告 山东潍坊某养殖户从吉林白城引进50头西门塔尔架子牛育肥,每头体重200 kg左右.牛到10d后陆续出现发热、咳嗽、厌食、呼吸困难等症状,诊断为呼吸道感染.用山东某公司生产的乳酸环丙沙星注射液30 mL(1.5 g),颈部肌肉注射治疗.

The present study characterized the subpleural pulmonary microvascular architecture of sheep by vascular corrosion cast and scanning electron microscopy.Results show that two-layered vascular networks are found on the pleura,and the subpleural vascular networks are found in most observed areas,while the sparse vascular network overlaid onto the subpleural network in some areas.The subpleural microvascular network is mainly branched by the arteriole,terminal arteriole,precapillary arteriole and capillary in order.The obvious circular imprints are found on the arteriole and terminal arteriole cast surface.The interlobular microvessels and the superficial pleural microvessels are transitional.The subpleural pulmonary microvascular architecture of sheep is similar to that of newborn yak and bactrian camel,but there are the significant differences between sheep and human,canine,monkey,rabbit and rat.

笔者在动物解剖生理教学实践中的体会如下:第1,巧妙应用标本、模型与多媒体教学实现学得容易、记得轻松;第2,结合组织结构讲器官机能,联系器官功能教解剖结构;第3,密切联系日常生活实际,认真感悟动物生理功能;第4,应用畜牧兽医专业知识,活化《动物解剖生理》教学内容;第5,课堂上有讲有议、师生互动,课堂下难点质疑、启发学生综合思维。通过教师与学生的积极互动,最终达到提高教学质量的最终目标。