近年来示踪技术被广泛应用于临床诊疗及疾病研究上并取得了系列重要成果.磁外科相关研究经历了实验验证-自由探索-学科建设3个阶段,逐渐发展为光电磁医学深度交叉与融合的磁外科体系.目前,磁外科体系主要包括磁压榨、磁锚定、磁导航、磁悬浮、磁驱动及磁示踪6大技术体系.磁示踪技术作为磁外科6大发展应用方向之一,其临床转化还需进一步探索与验证,本文基于示踪磁性材料的选材以及磁示踪技术在干细胞示踪研究、脑组织间隙引流分区特征研究、肿瘤或病灶标记与定位等临床研究中的应用进展进行综述与整理,并对当前磁示踪技术临床推广与应用中存在的问题进行归纳,提出相应的解决对策,以期为未来研究提供理论指导与参考,推动磁示踪技术攻克更多临床技术难题,更好地服务于人民生命健康.

医工交叉复合型医学人才的培养是推动医学科技创新发展的迫切需求,也是实施健康中国战略的使命要求.以培养明临床需求、善工程思维、具前沿知识、强创新潜质的复合型医学创新人才为目标,通过构建"医学+X"多学科交叉课程体系,组建"医学-工科-企业"三导师团队,搭建多元交叉的育人平台,创建"医学生产品研发试用"的"Med-CDIO-T"培养模式,建立医工交叉复合型研究生培养机制体制等举措,从而构成了医工交叉复合型医学研究生培养体系,培养了一批医工交叉复合型创新人才,为复合型医学研究生培养提供了一种可复制、可推广的新范式.

Objective:Take Xi′an Jiaotong University as an example, to analyze the funding status of the National Natural Science Foundation of the Comprehensive University in the field of medicine-Engineering integration, with a view to revealing the general picture of interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research of Xi′an Jiaotong University, and gaining a glimpse of the development of the interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research in universities.Methods:Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the basic situation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China approved in the field of medicine-Engineering integration.Results:A total number of 692 projects were funded in the field of medicine-Engineering integration, with a total funding of 420 million yuan. Funding types are mainly general projects, followed by Youth Science Foundation projects. The number of key and major projects is small, but it is of great significance to the growth of the funding amount. The Department of Medical Science and the Department of Engineering Science are the departments with the largest total number of funding projects and funding amounts. In terms of funding disciplines, the core disciplines of imaging medicine and biomedical engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanics, biomaterials, imaging and tissue engineering, optics and optoelectronics, and oncology have been formed.Conclusions:The research shows that the interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research of Xi′an Jiaotong University has continued to grow, attracting scholars in science, engineering, medicine, management and other fields to participate, forming an advantageous discipline group. For the development of the integration of medicine and engineering in domestic universities, it is recommended to strengthen the top-level design, increase support for young people, and pay attention to the advanced layout of key and major projects.

磁外科是新兴的综合性临床技术学科,也是融临床医学、材料学、生物力学等理工医为一体的典型交叉学科.磁外科医学创新人才的培养对临床推广磁外科技术至关重要.但由于目前磁外科还处于起步阶段,尚未形成成熟完整的人才培养体系.该文从夯实实验室硬件设施、搭建跨专业协作平台、制定分层次培养目标、开辟多元化学习方式、建立全方位激励措施五个方面介绍了磁外科医学创新人才培养模式,以及取得的良好培养效果,并对今后的进一步发展提出了思考和建议.

[目的]通过分析西安交通大学文献产出总结医工结合在医学和工程科学学科发展中的现状和趋势.[方法]运用文献计量法和可视化分析法,对中国知网(CNKI)收录的西安交通大学1992-2019年医学和工程科学领域文献产出进行发文量、作者、机构等方面的统计分析.[结果]总共纳入医学和工程科学领域产出文献60528篇,其中医学学科文献15044篇,工程科学学科文献45484,医工结合文献2139篇,文献产出年度分布虽有波动但总体呈上升趋势,医工结合文献产出量年度占比呈上升趋势,不同阶段医工结合高产学者及学科热点存在差异,医工学科融合度不断推进.[结论]医工结合在西安交通大学医学学科、工程科学学科发展中贡献突出,为学科交叉融合及创新成果产出发挥了重要作用.

目的 肿瘤放疗护理中采用一体化管理理念下的护理干预,观察该种护理方法的效果.方法 将我院在2017年9月～2019年9月收治的肿瘤放疗患者作为观察对象,并且根据分析需要将患者分成两组,对照组采用常规护理方法,治疗组采用一体化管理理念下的护理干预.结果 治疗组患者对工作满意度优良率为95.91％,而对照组只有71.42％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),结果有显著差异.结论 肿瘤患者放疗过程中采用一体化管理理念下的护理干预效果良好,该种方法值得在临床上推荐使用.

目的 探究在护理文件管理中集束化管理方法取得的临床应用效果.方法 选取2019年1月～3月病历,取50份作为对照组,采用常规护理方法.选取2019年4月～6月病历,取50份作为试验组,采用集束化管理方法.结果 试验组护理文件书写情况明显优于对照组护理文件书写情况,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 采用集束化管理模式能有效提高护理文件书写质量及书写规范性,能培养护理人员应有的慎独精神,树立严谨的工作作风,进一步增强护理人员的责任感,在临床应用中具有推广价值.

目的 建立输血医师规范化培训课程体系并对其可行性进行探讨.方法 根据输血医师的职责要求制定培训课程计划表,细化培训内容,实施项目教学法,选择重点临床科室轮转,培训后以临床胜任力为考核重要指标,评价预期达到的培训效果.结果 输血医师在完成规范化培训后,可以尽快掌握输血与临床的结合点,培养临床思维和沟通能力,指导并实施患者的用血管理.结论 通过设计的课程对输血医师进行规范化培训,可以加强医师队伍专业化人才建设,也是提高临床医师输血专业技能和保障医疗安全的重要举措.

基于结果链和卫生系统宏观模型,通过文献综述和专家咨询探索构建我国医学情报研究机构科研能力评估指标体系,并运用其对我国11家省市级医学情报研究机构的科研能力进行调查和评价,以期弥补我国当前医学情报研究机构科研评估体系的缺失,实现对全国不同研究机构的横向比较,为之后相关研究的开展提供参考.研究发现,我国医学情报研究机构发展不均衡,科研投入有待加强,各地医学情报机构的发展应基于自身特点及优势,加强对其他机构有效经验的借鉴.

Objective To explore the application of work shop in health education in the rehabilitation period of cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 44 patients with cerebral infarction from January to June 2016 were selected as the observation group, they were given work shop in health education. Then 40 patients with cerebral infarction from July to December 2015 were selected as the control group,and they were given routine health education.The health knowledge mastery,rehabilitation and health education satisfaction were compared between two groups. Results The knowledge rate of health education knowledge in knowledge of disease medicine, placement of good limb position, limb function training,medication was respectively 97.37%(43/44),93.18%(41/44),95.45%(42/44),95.45%(42/44) in the observation group and 82.50%(33/40), 77.50%(31/40), 77.50%(31/40), 77.50%(31/40) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.01-5.94, P<0.05). The satisfaction of health education in health education skills,communication skills,service attitude was respectively 97.73% (43/44), 100.00%(44/44), 97.73%(43/44) in the observation group and 82.50%(33/40), 82.50%(33/40), 82.50%(33/40)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.01,6.27,4.01,P<0.05). The level of compliance, demand, compatibility score was (8.32 ± 1.34), (8.45 ± 1.21), (8.38 ± 1.29) points in the observation group and(5.89±1.74),(5.64±1.53),(5.76±1.35)points in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=2.42, 2.74, 2.35, P<0.05). Conclusions Work shop in health education can increase the health knowledge of patients in rehabilitation period of cerebral infarction,and improve the enthusiasm of health education and rehabilitation training satisfaction.

PET/CT是近年来新兴的影像检查手段,其包括传统以解剖为基础的影像医学及以功能为基础的核医学两方面内容,本文就如何更好地对以PET/CT为研究方向及从业方向的研究生进行培养作探讨.

基础护理学是护理学科的基础,是护理学专业课程体系中最基本、最重要的课程之一.在基础护理教学中,积极探索课堂理论教学、实验室操作训练、同步临床见习紧密结合的"三环节"教学改革,激发了学生的学习热情,启发了学生的学习兴趣,调动了学生学习的积极性和主动性,提高了教学效果.

医药卫生体制改革是关系全民医疗发展的重要国策,关系亿万人民群众健康的重大民生问题.全文探讨了陕西省乳腺癌单病种协作防治体系的发展情况,以期更好地适应改革方向、完善体系发展,为促进女性生命健康贡献力量.